Effects Of Degraded Agent And Munitions Anomalies On Chemical Stockpile Disposal Operations
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National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program
Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 82 pages File Size : 47,9 Mb Release : 2004-01-29 Category : Science ISBN : 9780309166492
Effects of Degraded Agent and Munitions Anomalies on Chemical Stockpile Disposal Operations by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program Pdf
The U.S. Army is in the process of destroying its entire stock of chemical weapons. To help with stockpile disposal, the Army's Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program (CSDP), in 1987, asked the National Research Council (NRC) for scientific and technical advice. This report is one in a series of such prepared by the NRC over the last 16 years in response to that request. It presents an examination of the effect of leaking munitions (leakers) and other anomalies in the stored stockpile on the operation of the chemical agent disposal facilities. The report presents a discussion of potential causes of these anomalies, leaker tracking and analysis issues, risk implications of anomalies, and recommendations for monitoring and containing these anomalies during the remaining life of the stockpile.
National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program
Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 56 pages File Size : 51,7 Mb Release : 2001-02-01 Category : Science ISBN : 9780309075756
Occupational Health and Workplace Monitoring at Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program Pdf
In keeping with a congressional mandate (Public Law 104-484) and the Chemical Weapons Convention, the United States is currently destroying its chemical weapons stockpile. The Army must ensure that the chemical demilitarization workforce is protected from the risks of exposure to hazardous chemicals during disposal operations and during and after facility closure. Good industrial practices developed in the chemical and nuclear energy industries and other operations that involve the processing of hazardous materials include workplace monitoring of hazardous species and a systematic occupational health program for monitoring workers' activities and health. In this report, the National Research Council Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program examines the methods and systems used at JACADS and TOCDF, the two operational facilities, to monitor the concentrations of airborne and condensed-phase chemical agents, agent breakdown products, and other substances of concern. The committee also reviews the occupational health programs at these sites, including their industrial hygiene and occupational medicine components. Finally, it evaluates the nature, quality, and utility of records of workplace chemical monitoring and occupational health programs.
National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Assessment of the Army Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Demilitarization Program: Workplace Monitoring
Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Assessment of the Army Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Demilitarization Program: Workplace Monitoring Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 108 pages File Size : 55,6 Mb Release : 2005-04-04 Category : Science ISBN : 9780309181570
Impact of Revised Airborne Exposure Limits on Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Program Activities by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Assessment of the Army Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Demilitarization Program: Workplace Monitoring Pdf
The U.S. Army's Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel program is responsible for dismantling former chemical agent production facilities and destroying recovered chemical materiel. In response to congressional requirements, the Center for Disease Control (CDC), in 2003, recommended new airborne exposure limits (AELs) to protect workforce and public health during operations to destroy this materiel. To assist in meeting these recommended limits, the U.S. Army asked the NRC for a review of its implementation plans for destruction of production facilities at the Newport Chemical Depot and the operation of two types of mobile destruction systems. This report presents the results of that review. It provides recommendations on analytical methods, on airborne containment monitoring, on operational procedures, on the applicability of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, and on involvement of workers and the public in implementation of the new AELs.
National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee to Assess Designs for Pueblo and Blue Grass Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plants
Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee to Assess Designs for Pueblo and Blue Grass Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plants Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 92 pages File Size : 41,9 Mb Release : 2005-01-18 Category : Technology & Engineering ISBN : 9780309165303
Interim Design Assessment for the Pueblo Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plant by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee to Assess Designs for Pueblo and Blue Grass Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plants Pdf
In 1996, Congress enacted directing the Department of Defense to assess and demonstrate technology alternatives to incineration for destruction of the chemical weapons stored at Pueblo Chemical and Blue Grass Army Depots. Since then, the National Research Council (NRC) has been carrying out evaluations of candidate technologies including reviews of engineering design studies and demonstration testing. Most recently, the NRC was asked by the Army to evaluate designs for pilot plants at Pueblo and Blue Grass. These pilot plants would use chemical neutralization for destroying the chemical agent and the energetics in the munitions stockpiles of these two depots. This report provides the interim assessment of the Pueblo Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plant (PCAPP) to permit adjustment of any significant problems as soon as possible. The report presents an analysis of the issues about the current PCAPP design and a series of findings and recommendations about ways to reduce concerns with involve the public more heavily in the process.
Cleanup of Chemical and Explosive Munitions by Richard Albright Pdf
Unexploded military ordnance and toxic chemicals, some dating back to World War I, are a worldwide concern, especially at closed military bases that will be redeveloped for housing or civilian use. In Europe and Asia, many munitions sites are former battlegrounds; in Russia and its former territories, sites are used for storage and waste disposal. Experts estimate that the United States alone could spend between $50 and 250 billion dollars to cleanup these sites, many of which are in high-population density, residential areas. You might live near one such site right now. This book gives detailed instructions for cleaning up military ordnance sites, and lists of explosives, chemical warfare materials and breakdown products that the soil and groundwater must be tested for. Also included are archival studies; remote sensing techniques; geophysical techniques; safety issues; a chemical weapons, explosives and ordnance primer; known and unknown range lists; and a case study of documents written for cleaning up one of the worst examples yet: Spring Valley in the District of Columbia. It disproves myths, common misconceptions and lies, and explains what, how, and where to look for munitions and their residual contamination. * Author is an award winning and world-renowned expert in weapons of mass destruction. * Meets the needs of explosive and ordnance demolition personnel, as well as environmental scientists, insurance agents, and building contractors. * Includes the primary documents written (by the author) for the cleanup of one of the worst sites in the United States (Spring Valley, District of Columbia). * Subject of the book is of worldwide concern with former battlegrounds in Europe and Asia, as well as storage and waste disposal sites in Russia and former Soviet territories. * The only text available with clear and complete instructions on proper cleanup of military ordnance sites including a detailed list of explosives, chemical warfare material and breakdown products.
National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Continuing Operability of Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities and Equipment
Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Continuing Operability of Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities and Equipment Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 78 pages File Size : 48,5 Mb Release : 2007-02-08 Category : Political Science ISBN : 9780309179867
Assessment of the Continuing Operability of Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities and Equipment by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Continuing Operability of Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities and Equipment Pdf
The U.S. Army's Chemical Materials Agency (CMA) currently oversees contracts for the operation of chemical agent stockpile incineration facilities at four disposal sites. Because the period of time required to dispose of these chemical agents has grown beyond that originally planned, the Army is becoming concerned about the possibility of growing operational problems as the processing equipment ages. To help address these concerns, the CMA requested the NRC to assess whether current policies and practices will be able to adequately anticipate and address facility obsolescence issues. This report presents a review of potential infrastructure and equipment weaknesses given that the facilities are being operated well beyond their original design lifetime; an assessment of the Army's current and evolving obsolescence management programs; and offers recommendations about how the programs may be improved and strengthened to permit safe and expeditious completion of agent stockpile destruction and facility closure.
National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program
Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 221 pages File Size : 43,5 Mb Release : 1994-02-01 Category : Science ISBN : 9780309050463
Recommendations for the Disposal of Chemical Agents and Munitions by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program Pdf
The U.S. Army's chemical stockpile is aging and gradually deteriorating. Its elimination has public, political, and environmental ramifications. The U.S. Department of Defense has designated the Department of the Army as the executive agent responsible for the safe, timely, and effective elimination of the chemical stockpile. This book provides recommendations on the direction the Army should take in pursuing and completing its Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Effects of the Deletion of Chemical Agent Washout on Operations at the Blue Grass Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plant
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Effects of the Deletion of Chemical Agent Washout on Operations at the Blue Grass Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plant Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 53 pages File Size : 55,6 Mb Release : 2016-07-13 Category : Technology & Engineering ISBN : 9780309389488
Effects of the Deletion of Chemical Agent Washout on Operations at the Blue Grass Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plant by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Effects of the Deletion of Chemical Agent Washout on Operations at the Blue Grass Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plant Pdf
The United States manufactured significant quantities of chemical weapons during the Cold War and the years prior. Because the chemical weapons are aging, storage constitutes an ongoing risk to the facility workforces and to the communities nearby. In addition, the Chemical Weapons Convention treaty stipulates that the chemical weapons be destroyed. The United States has destroyed approximately 90 percent of the chemical weapons stockpile located at seven sites. As part of the effort to destroy its remaining stockpile, the Department of Defense is building the Blue Grass Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plant (BGCAPP) on the Blue Grass Army Depot (BGAD), near Richmond, Kentucky. The stockpile stored at BGAD consists of rockets and projectiles containing the nerve agents GB and VX and the blister agent mustard. Continued storage poses a risk to the BGAD workforce and the surrounding community because these munitions are several decades old and are developing leaks. Due to public opposition to the use of incineration to destroy the BGAD stockpile, Congress mandated that non- incineration technologies be identified for use at BGCAPP. As a result, the original BGCAPP design called for munitions to be drained of agent and then for the munition bodies to be washed out using high-pressure hot water. However as part of a larger package of modifications called Engineering Change Proposal 87 (ECP-87), the munition washout step was eliminated. Effects of the Deletion of Chemical Agent Washout on Operations at the Blue Grass Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plant examines the impacts of this design change on operations at BGCAPP and makes recommendations to guide future decision making.
National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Disposal Program
Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Disposal Program Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 78 pages File Size : 49,8 Mb Release : 2001-04-29 Category : Science ISBN : 9780309072878
Disposal of Neutralent Wastes by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Disposal Program Pdf
Chemical warfare materiel (CWM) is a collection of diverse items that were used during 60 years of efforts by the United States to develop a capability for conducting chemical warfare. Nonstockpile CWM, which is not included in the current U.S. inventory of chemical munitions, includes buried materiel, recovered materiel, binary chemical weapons, former production facilities, and miscellaneous materiel. CWM that was buried in pits on former military sites is now being dug up as the land is being developed for other purposes. Other CWM is on or near the surface at former test and firing ranges. According to the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), which was ratified by the United States in April 1997, nonstockpile CWM items in storage at the time of ratification must be destroyed by 2007. The U.S. Army is the designated executive agent for destroying CWM. Nonstockpile CWM is being handled by the Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Program (NSCMP); stockpile CWM is the responsibility of the Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program. Because nonstockpile CWM is stored or buried in many locations, the Army is developing transportable disposal systems that can be moved from site to site as needed. The Army has plans to test prototypes of three transportable systems-the rapid response system (RRS), the munitions management device (MMD), and the explosive destruction system (EDS)-for accessing and destroying a range of nonstockpile chemical agents and militarized industrial chemicals. The RRS is designed to treat recovered chemical agent identification sets (CAIS), which contain small amounts of chemical agents and a variety of highly toxic industrial chemicals. The MMD is designed to treat nonexplosively configured chemical munitions. The EDS is designed to treat munitions containing chemical agents with energetics equivalent to three pounds of TNT or less. These munitions are considered too unstable to be transported or stored. A prototype EDS system has recently been tested in England by non-stockpile program personnel. Although originally proposed for evaluation in this report, no test data were available to the committee on the composition of wastes from the EDS. Therefore, alternative technologies for the destruction of EDS wastes will be discussed in a supplemental report in fall 2001. Treatment of solid wastes, such as metal munition bodies, packing materials, and carbon air filters, were excluded from this report. Review and Evaluation of the Army Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Disposal Program: Disposal of Neutralent Wastes evaluates the near-term (1999-2005) application of advanced (nonincineration) technologies, such as from the Army's Assembled Chemical Weapons Assessment Program and the Alternative Technologies and Approaches Project, in a semi-fixed, skid-mounted mode to process Rapid Response System, Munitions Management Device, and Explosive Destruction System liquid neutralization wastes.
National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Assessment of the Army Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Demilitarization Program: Workplace Monitoring
Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Assessment of the Army Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Demilitarization Program: Workplace Monitoring Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 108 pages File Size : 43,8 Mb Release : 2005-05-04 Category : Science ISBN : 9780309095457
Impact of Revised Airborne Exposure Limits on Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Program Activities by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Assessment of the Army Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Demilitarization Program: Workplace Monitoring Pdf
The U.S. Army's Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel program is responsible for dismantling former chemical agent production facilities and destroying recovered chemical materiel. In response to congressional requirements, the Center for Disease Control (CDC), in 2003, recommended new airborne exposure limits (AELs) to protect workforce and public health during operations to destroy this materiel. To assist in meeting these recommended limits, the U.S. Army asked the NRC for a review of its implementation plans for destruction of production facilities at the Newport Chemical Depot and the operation of two types of mobile destruction systems. This report presents the results of that review. It provides recommendations on analytical methods, on airborne containment monitoring, on operational procedures, on the applicability of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, and on involvement of workers and the public in implementation of the new AELs.
National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program
Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 140 pages File Size : 54,9 Mb Release : 1996-04-19 Category : Political Science ISBN : 0309054869
Review of Systemization of the Tooele Chemical Agent Disposal Facility by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program Pdf
In 1993, at Tooele Army Depot, Utah, the Army completed construction of the Tooele Chemical Agent Disposal Facility (TOCDF), the first complete facility for destruction of lethal unitary chemical agents and munitions to be built in the continental United States. The TOCDF will employ the Army's baseline incineration system to destroy the depot's increment of the nation's aging unitary chemical stockpile. This book assesses Army changes and improvements to the TOCDF in response to recommendations contained in earlier reports of the committee. It assesses aspects of the facility's readiness for safe agent handling and destruction operations, its agent monitoring system, and its site specific risk assessment.