Effects Of Ecosystem Services Provided By Birds And Bats In Smallholder Cacao Plantations Of Central Sulawesi

Author : Bea Maas,Teja Tscharntke,Aiyen Tjoa,Shahabuddin Saleh,Nur Edy,Alam Anshary,M. Mahfudz,Muhammad Basir
Publisher : Göttingen University Press
Page : 122 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9783863953522

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Effects of Ecosystem Services Provided by Birds and Bats in Smallholder Cacao Plantations of Central Sulawesi by Bea Maas,Teja Tscharntke,Aiyen Tjoa,Shahabuddin Saleh,Nur Edy,Alam Anshary,M. Mahfudz,Muhammad Basir Pdf

Cacao agroforestry systems are common in Indonesia, but differences in local management affect biodiversity and related ecosystem services. Importantly, birds and bats alike strongly contribute to biological pest control in cacao, thereby promoting yields and sustainable farming. Our findings from many years of ecological field research, in close collaboration with Indonesian cacao farmers, are summarized and discussed in this bilingual book, written in both English and Indonesian. It is designed to communicate scientific information as well as to facilitate transdisciplinary discussions and more biodiversity-friendly management in tropical agroforestry systems. We consider this book as a tool to improve the collaboration of local communities, farmers and scientists, as well as to improve the application of scientific knowledge in agricultural practice - particularly in tropical land use areas. Bea Maas, the first author of this book, is postdoctoral researcher at the University of Vienna (Austria), working in the fields of biology, ecology and conservation. She conducted the research and workshops presented here in close collaboration and with support from the University of Göttingen (Germany) and the University of Tadulako (Indonesia).

Author : Christian C. Voigt,Tigga Kingston
Publisher : Springer
Page : 606 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2015-12-07
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9783319252209

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Bats in the Anthropocene: Conservation of Bats in a Changing World by Christian C. Voigt,Tigga Kingston Pdf

This book focuses on central themes related to the conservation of bats. It details their response to land-use change and management practices, intensified urbanization and roost disturbance and loss. Increasing interactions between humans and bats as a result of hunting, disease relationships, occupation of human dwellings, and conflict over fruit crops are explored in depth. Finally, contributors highlight the roles that taxonomy, conservation networks and conservation psychology have to play in conserving this imperilled but vital taxon. With over 1300 species, bats are the second largest order of mammals, yet as the Anthropocene dawns, bat populations around the world are in decline. Greater understanding of the anthropogenic drivers of this decline and exploration of possible mitigation measures are urgently needed if we are to retain global bat diversity in the coming decades. This book brings together teams of international experts to provide a global review of current understanding and recommend directions for future research and mitigation.

Author : Çagan H. Sekercioglu,Daniel G. Wenny,Christopher J. Whelan
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 398 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2016-08-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226382777

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Why Birds Matter by Çagan H. Sekercioglu,Daniel G. Wenny,Christopher J. Whelan Pdf

For over one hundred years, ornithologists and amateur birders have jointly campaigned for the conservation of bird species, documenting not only birds’ beauty and extraordinary diversity, but also their importance to ecosystems worldwide. But while these avian enthusiasts have noted that birds eat fruit, carrion, and pests; spread seed and fertilizer; and pollinate plants, among other services, they have rarely asked what birds are worth in economic terms. In Why Birds Matter, an international collection of ornithologists, botanists, ecologists, conservation biologists, and environmental economists seeks to quantify avian ecosystem services—the myriad benefits that birds provide to humans. The first book to approach ecosystem services from an ornithological perspective, Why Birds Matter asks what economic value we can ascribe to those services, if any, and how this value should inform conservation. Chapters explore the role of birds in such important ecological dynamics as scavenging, nutrient cycling, food chains, and plant-animal interactions—all seen through the lens of human well-being—to show that quantifying avian ecosystem services is crucial when formulating contemporary conservation strategies. Both elucidating challenges and providing examples of specific ecosystem valuations and guidance for calculation, the contributors propose that in order to advance avian conservation, we need to appeal not only to hearts and minds, but also to wallets.

Author : Samuel Ohikhena Agele,Olufemi Ibiremo
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2024-01-24
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781837683192

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Shifting Frontiers of Theobroma Cacao by Samuel Ohikhena Agele,Olufemi Ibiremo Pdf

Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is a sacred tree and noble resource from South America. The Mayans and other early civilizations in Central America used cacao beans as tokens, which were subsequently transported to Europe to nurture monarchies and elites. Based on the discovery of cacao’s commercial potential and attributes, new cocoa plantations were established in other parts of the world, including Africa, Asia, and the Caribbean. Thus, cocoa has become an important cash crop in Africa, Central and South America, and Asia, where it is a major foreign exchange earner, industrial raw material, support for livelihood, and ecosystem services provision. Based on its global importance, there has been an increased need for the expansion of cultivation to meet the rising demand for cacao beans. Global environmental change, including climate change, variability, and weather extremes, has established new environmental boundaries with implications for area suitability for cocoa production and sustainability. Efforts to unlock the potentials of the established environmental boundaries may be built on the development and adoption of agrotechnological practices and integration of climate resilience for harnessing opportunities and potentials of the new environment, and thus, extension of the frontiers of cacao cultivation to meet the increasing global demand for cocoa beans. This book, “Shifting Frontiers of Theobroma Cacao - Opportunities and Challenges for Production” presents a comprehensive perspective of the interactions of changing environmental conditions, cocoa production, and sustainability. The book illuminates the challenges climate change presents for cocoa production and sustainability. It provides insights into the need for cocoa actors within the cocoa sector to strengthen climate mitigation and resilience building and to come to grips with the realities, magnitude, and inevitable persistence of climate challenges to cocoa production and sustainability.

Author : Navjot S. Sodhi,Cagan H. Sekercioglu,Jos Barlow,Scott K. Robinson
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2011-02-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781444342598

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Conservation of Tropical Birds by Navjot S. Sodhi,Cagan H. Sekercioglu,Jos Barlow,Scott K. Robinson Pdf

Conservation of Tropical Birds has been written by four conservation biologists whose expertise spans all the tropical regions of the world. It is the first book to cover all the major issues in tropical bird conservation. Current problems faced by tropical bird conservationists are summarised and potential solutions outlined based on the results of case studies. Birds are key indicators of ecosystem health, and such a well-studied group of organisms, that they provide an excellent lens through which to examine global conservation problems caused by phenomena such as climate change, declines in ecosystem services, habitat loss, fires, overexploitation, and invasive species. Therefore, the book also provides an engaging synopsis of the general issues in conservation and the problems faced by other wildlife. This book serves as an important resource and companion to all people interested in observing and conserving birds in the tropics and elsewhere.

Author : Coad, L.,Fa, J.E.,Abernethy, K.,Van Vliet, N.,Santamaria, C.,Wilkie, D.,El Bizri, H.R.,Ingram, D.J.,Cawthorn, D-M.,Nasi, R.
Publisher : CIFOR
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2019-01-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9786023870837

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Towards a sustainable, participatory and inclusive wild meat sector by Coad, L.,Fa, J.E.,Abernethy, K.,Van Vliet, N.,Santamaria, C.,Wilkie, D.,El Bizri, H.R.,Ingram, D.J.,Cawthorn, D-M.,Nasi, R. Pdf

The meat of wild species, referred to in this report as ‘wild meat’, is an essential source of protein and a generator of income for millions of forest-living communities in tropical and subtropical regions. However, unsustainable harvest rates currently

Author : Götz Schroth,Gustavo A. B. da Fonseca,Celia A. Harvey,Claude Gascon,Heraldo L. Vasconcelos,Anne-Marie N. Izac
Publisher : Island Press
Page : 537 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2013-03-22
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781597267441

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Agroforestry and Biodiversity Conservation in Tropical Landscapes by Götz Schroth,Gustavo A. B. da Fonseca,Celia A. Harvey,Claude Gascon,Heraldo L. Vasconcelos,Anne-Marie N. Izac Pdf

Agroforestry -- the practice of integrating trees and other large woody perennials on farms and throughout the agricultural landscape -- is increasingly recognized as a useful and promising strategy that diversifies production for greater social, economic, and environmental benefits. Agroforestry and BiodiversityConservation in Tropical Landscapes brings together 46 scientists and practitioners from 13 countries with decades of field experience in tropical regions to explore how agroforestry practices can help promote biodiversity conservation in human-dominated landscapes, to synthesize the current state of knowledge in the field, and to identify areas where further research is needed. Agroforestry and Biodiversity Conservation in Tropical Landscapes is the first comprehensive synthesis of the role of agroforestry systems in conserving biodiversity in tropical landscapes, and contains in-depth review chapters of most agroforestry systems, with examples from many different countries. It is a valuable source of information for scientists, researchers, professors, and students in the fields of conservation biology, resource management, tropical ecology, rural development, agroforestry, and agroecology.

Author : Paulo S. Oliveira,Suzanne Koptur
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 461 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2017-08-17
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781107159754

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Ant-Plant Interactions by Paulo S. Oliveira,Suzanne Koptur Pdf

The first volume devoted to anthropogenic effects on interactions between ants and flowering plants, considered major parts of terrestrial ecosystems.

Author : W. Bruce Campbell,Silvia López Ortíz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2011-06-07
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789400713093

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Integrating Agriculture, Conservation and Ecotourism: Examples from the Field by W. Bruce Campbell,Silvia López Ortíz Pdf

Issues In Agroecology – Present Status and Future Prospectus not only reviews aspects of ecology, but the ecology of sustainable food production systems, and related societal and cultural values. To provide effective communication regarding status and advances in this field, this series connects with many disciplines such as sociology, anthropology, environmental sciences, ethics, agriculture, economics, ecology, rural development, sustainability, policy and education, and integrations of these general themes so as to provide integrated points of view that will help lead to a more sustainable construction of values than conventional economics alone. Such designs are inherently complex and dynamic, and go beyond the individual farm to include landscapes, communities, and biogeographic regions by emphasizing their unique agricultural and ecological values, and their biological, societal, and cultural components and processes.

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 576 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2019-03-12
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789251312704

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The State of the World's Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

The State of the World's Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture presents the first global assessment of biodiversity for food and agriculture worldwide. Biodiversity for food and agriculture is the diversity of plants, animals and micro-organisms at genetic, species and ecosystem levels, present in and around crop, livestock, forest and aquatic production systems. It is essential to the structure, functions and processes of these systems, to livelihoods and food security, and to the supply of a wide range of ecosystem services. It has been managed or influenced by farmers, livestock keepers, forest dwellers, fish farmers and fisherfolk for hundreds of generations. Prepared through a participatory, country-driven process, the report draws on information from 91 country reports to provide a description of the roles and importance of biodiversity for food and agriculture, the drivers of change affecting it and its current status and trends. It describes the state of efforts to promote the sustainable use and conservation of biodiversity for food and agriculture, including through the development of supporting policies, legal frameworks, institutions and capacities. It concludes with a discussion of needs and challenges in the future management of biodiversity for food and agriculture. The report complements other global assessments prepared under the auspices of the Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, which have focused on the state of genetic resources within particular sectors of food and agriculture.

Author : Anthony Michael Hutson,Anthony M. Hutson,Simon P. Mickleburgh,P. A. Racey
Publisher : IUCN
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Bats
ISBN : 2831705959

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Microchiropteran Bats by Anthony Michael Hutson,Anthony M. Hutson,Simon P. Mickleburgh,P. A. Racey Pdf

Author : E. Meijaard,Douglas Sheil,Robert Nasi,David Augeri,Barry Rosenbaum,Djoko Iskandar,Titiek Setyawati,Martjan Lammertink,Ike Rachmatika,Anna Wong,Tonny Soehartono,Scott Stanley,Timothy O’Brien
Publisher : CIFOR
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2005-01-01
Category : Animals
ISBN : 9789793361567

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Life After Logging by E. Meijaard,Douglas Sheil,Robert Nasi,David Augeri,Barry Rosenbaum,Djoko Iskandar,Titiek Setyawati,Martjan Lammertink,Ike Rachmatika,Anna Wong,Tonny Soehartono,Scott Stanley,Timothy O’Brien Pdf

This book presents a technical review of ecological and life history information on a range of Bornean wildlife species, aimed at identifying what makes these species sensitive to timber harvesting practices and associated impacts. It addresses three audiences: 1) those involved in assessing and regulating timber harvesting activities in Southeast Asia, 2) those involved in trying to achieve conservation goals in the region, and 3) those undertaking research to improve multipurpose forest management. This book shows that forest management can be improved in many simple ways to allow timber extraction and wildlife conservation to be more compatible than under current practices. The recommendations can also be valuable to the many governmental and non-governmental organisations promoting sustainable forest management and eco-labelling. Finally, it identifies a number of shortcomings and gaps in knowledge, which the hope can interest the scientific community and promote further research. This review is, an important scientific step toward understanding and improving sustainable forestry practices for long-term biodiversity conservation. Even in the short term, however, significant improvements can be made to improve both conservation and the efficiency of forest management, and there is no need to delay action due to a perceived lack of information. In the longer term it is expected that the recommendations from this review will be implemented, and that further research will continue to help foster an acceptable balance among the choices needed to maintain healthy wildlife populations and biodiversity in a productive forest estate.

Author : Teja Tscharntke,Christoph Leuschner,Edzo Veldkamp,Heiko Faust,Edi Guhardja,Arifuddin Bidin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 535 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2010-02-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642004933

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Tropical Rainforests and Agroforests under Global Change by Teja Tscharntke,Christoph Leuschner,Edzo Veldkamp,Heiko Faust,Edi Guhardja,Arifuddin Bidin Pdf

not only for land use systems that depend on the regular supply of rain or irrigation water but also for the future development of natural rainforests as drought stress has been shown to a?ect tree growth and species composition in old-growth forests (Wright 1991, Walsh and Newbery 1999, Engelbrecht et al. 2007). A drought experiment conducted in a cacao agroforestry plantation showed that this plantation was surprisingly resilient to an induced drought of more than a year (Schwendenmann et al. 2009). However, droughts can have a strong impact on household incomes from agriculture, they strongly a?ect the vulnerability to poverty and thus have to be analyzed as important exogenous shocks to households, forcing them to adjust their behaviour and develop strategies to cope with these problems. The stability of rainforest margins is a critical factor in the protection of tropical rainforests (Tscharntke et al. 2007). At present, however, rainf- est margins in many parts of the tropics are far from stable, both in soc- economic and in ecological terms. For example, protected areas may attract, rather than repel, human settlement, which may be due to international donor investment in national conservation programs (Wittemeyer et al. 2008). An alternative hypothesis is that protected areas might be compromised if leakage takes place, that is, if impacts that would take place inside the restricted area are displaced to a nearby, undisturbed area (Ewers and Rodrigues 2008).

Author : Jeff Ollerton
Publisher : Pelagic Publishing Ltd
Page : 425 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2021-01-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781784272296

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Pollinators and Pollination by Jeff Ollerton Pdf

A unique and personal insight into the ecology and evolution of pollinators, their relationships with flowers, and their conservation in a rapidly changing world. The pollination of flowers by insects, birds and other animals is a fundamentally important ecological function that supports both the natural world and human society. Without pollinators to facilitate the sexual reproduction of plants, the world would be a biologically poorer place in which to live, there would be an impact on food security, and human health would suffer. Written by one of the world’s leading pollination ecologists, this book provides an introduction to what pollinators are, how their interactions with flowers have evolved, and the fundamental ecology of these relationships. It explores the pollination of wild and agricultural plants in a variety of habitats and contexts, including urban, rural and agricultural environments. The author also provides practical advice on how individuals and organisations can study, and support, pollinators. As well as covering the natural history of pollinators and flowers, the author discusses their cultural importance, and the ways in which pollinator conservation has been portrayed from a political perspective. The book draws on field work experiences in South America, Africa, Australia, the Canary Islands and the UK. For over 30 years the author has spent his career researching how plants and pollinators evolve relationships, how these interactions function ecologically, their importance for society, and how we can conserve them in a rapidly changing world. This book offers a unique and personal insight into the science of pollinators and pollination, aimed at anyone who is interested in understanding these fascinating and crucial ecological interactions.

Author : Pia Katila,Carol J. Pierce Colfer,Wil de Jong,Glenn Galloway,Pablo Pacheco,Georg Winkel
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 653 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2019-12-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781108486996

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Sustainable Development Goals by Pia Katila,Carol J. Pierce Colfer,Wil de Jong,Glenn Galloway,Pablo Pacheco,Georg Winkel Pdf

A global assessment of potential and anticipated impacts of efforts to achieve the SDGs on forests and related socio-economic systems. This title is available as Open Access via Cambridge Core.