Efficiency Equity And Well Being In Selected African Countries

Author : Almas Heshmati,Pia Nilsson
Publisher : Springer
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2019-04-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 303011418X

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Efficiency, Equity and Well-Being in Selected African Countries by Almas Heshmati,Pia Nilsson Pdf

This book addresses poverty and well-being, equity, and efficiency in selected African countries. The chapters focus on three main topics: studies in the measurement and analysis of well-being and vulnerability to poverty, women's empowerment, and the dynamics and determinants of income and efficiency among smallholders. The chapters in the first section examine poverty, well-being, and vulnerability to poverty, as well as social exclusion, with a focus on households in Ethiopia, Rwanda, and Tanzania. They highlight the need to consider multidimensional measures of well-being and vulnerability to poverty, the need to address the distribution of vulnerability across different segments of the population, as well as the importance of developing public policies aimed at poverty reduction and promoting the well-being of the poor. The next section deals with issues related to women’s empowerment, including a multidimensional case study of women’s empowerment in Ghana and women’s access to microfinance services in Ethiopia. The final section focuses on dynamics and determinants of income and efficiency among farm households in Ethiopia and Uganda. Using a variety of methodologies, this volume provides a multifaceted approach to studying poverty and well-being in a diverse range of locations. As such, it of use to undergraduate and graduate students studying African economics or economics of poverty and well-being, and will be appealing to public policymakers and international aid agencies.

Author : Pia Nilsson,Almas Heshmati
Publisher : Springer
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2019-04-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783030114190

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Efficiency, Equity and Well-Being in Selected African Countries by Pia Nilsson,Almas Heshmati Pdf

This book addresses poverty and well-being, equity, and efficiency in selected African countries. The chapters focus on three main topics: studies in the measurement and analysis of well-being and vulnerability to poverty, women's empowerment, and the dynamics and determinants of income and efficiency among smallholders. The chapters in the first section examine poverty, well-being, and vulnerability to poverty, as well as social exclusion, with a focus on households in Ethiopia, Rwanda, and Tanzania. They highlight the need to consider multidimensional measures of well-being and vulnerability to poverty, the need to address the distribution of vulnerability across different segments of the population, as well as the importance of developing public policies aimed at poverty reduction and promoting the well-being of the poor. The next section deals with issues related to women’s empowerment, including a multidimensional case study of women’s empowerment in Ghana and women’s access to microfinance services in Ethiopia. The final section focuses on dynamics and determinants of income and efficiency among farm households in Ethiopia and Uganda. Using a variety of methodologies, this volume provides a multifaceted approach to studying poverty and well-being in a diverse range of locations. As such, it of use to undergraduate and graduate students studying African economics or economics of poverty and well-being, and will be appealing to public policymakers and international aid agencies.

Author : Hyun Hwa Son
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2013-04-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136579325

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Equity and Well-Being by Hyun Hwa Son Pdf

Equity is an abstract concept covering philosophical issues such as fairness and social justice, making its definition and measurement complex. This volume tackles these complexities head-on. The book is enriched with many empirical analyses and provides a comprehensive analysis of equity ranging from concepts and measurements to empirical illustrations and policy implications. After an extensive discussion on equity in the introduction, this volume begins with a chapter on well-being where the concepts of functioning and capability are discussed. This is followed by a few chapters on what an equitable distribution is and how equity can be measured. The volume then provides a definition and a methodology to measure equitable growth, examining the relationship between growth, inequality, and poverty. It also presents various empirical illustrations and country-specific experiences with three country case studies which assess whether publicly provided health and education services are equitable in developing Asia, examining the extent to which these social services favor the poor as well as the policy challenges to a more equitable delivery of these services. Finally, these country studies provide evidence–based policy recommendations to improve equity in social service delivery in developing countries. Achieving social equity has long been an important policy goal. There are relatively few studies on equity. This book aims to help fill this gap with an in-depth analysis of the issues associated with equity, covering its concept, measurement, and policy practices and implications.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 583 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2017-04-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309452960

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Communities in Action by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States Pdf

In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Author : S. Syngellakis,S. Hernández
Publisher : WIT Press
Page : 524 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2020-11-25
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9781784663773

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Sustainable Development and Planning XI by S. Syngellakis,S. Hernández Pdf

In its 11th edition the International Conference on Sustainable Development and Planning continues to attract academics, policy makers, practitioners and other stakeholders from across the globe who discuss the latest advances in the field. This volume presents selected papers that contribute to further advances in the field. Energy saving and eco-friendly building approaches have become an important part of modern development, which places special emphasis on resource optimisation. Planning has a key role to play in ensuring that these solutions as well as new materials and processes are incorporated in the most efficient manner. Problems related to development and planning, which affect rural and urban areas, are present in all regions of the world. Accelerated urbanisation has resulted in deterioration of the environment and loss of quality of life. Urban development can also aggravate problems faced by rural areas such as forests, mountain regions and coastal areas, amongst many others. Taking into consideration the interaction between different regions and developing new methodologies for monitoring, planning and implementation of novel strategies can offer solutions for mitigating environmental pollution and non-sustainable use of available resources.

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 123 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9789241548632

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Handbook on Health Inequality Monitoring by World Health Organization Pdf

"The Handbook on health inequality monitoring: with a special focus on low- and middle-income countries is a resource that enables countries to do just that. It presents a comprehensive yet clear overview of health inequality monitoring in a user-friendly manner. The handbook succeeds in giving those involved in health inequality monitoring an appreciation of the complexities of the process, as well as building the practical knowledge and skills for systematic monitoring of health inequalities in low- and middle-income countries. The use of the handbook will enable countries to better monitor and evaluate their progress and performance with a high degree of accountability and transparency, and allow them to use the results to formulate evidenced-based policies, programmes and practices to tackle inequalities in an effective manner."--Publisher's description.

Author : Mario J. Azevedo
Publisher : Springer
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2017-01-24
Category : History
ISBN : 9783319325644

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Historical Perspectives on the State of Health and Health Systems in Africa, Volume II by Mario J. Azevedo Pdf

This book focuses on Africa’s challenges, achievements, and failures over the past several centuries using an interdisciplinary approach that combines theory and fact and evidence-based practices and interventions in public health, and argues that most of the health problems in Africa are not a result of scarce or lack of resources, but of the misconceived and misplaced priorities that have left the continent behind every other on the globe in terms of health, education, and equitable distribution of opportunities and access to (quality) health as agreed by the United Nations member states at Alma-Ata in 1978.

Author : María Del Carmen Valls Martínez,José-María Montero,Annibale Biggeri
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 213 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2023-02-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782832510698

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National Health Services: Efficiency, Welfare and Economy by María Del Carmen Valls Martínez,José-María Montero,Annibale Biggeri Pdf

Author : International Livestock Research Institute
Publisher : ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD)
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1995-01-01
Category : Animal industry
ISBN : 9291460036

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Livestock Policy Analysis by International Livestock Research Institute Pdf

Policy concepts; Identification of policy issues; Production systems, supply and demand; Market, price and trade policies; Marketing and distribution systems; Budget and manpower planning; Land tenure police for the livestock sector; Policy analysis report writing and communication; Livestock production and marketing in alphabeta - a case study.

Author : WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health,World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789241563703

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Closing the Gap in a Generation by WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health,World Health Organization Pdf

Social justice is a matter of life and death. It affects the way people live, their consequent chance of illness, and their risk of premature death. We watch in wonder as life expectancy and good health continue to increase in parts of the world and in alarm as they fail to improve in others.

Author : Sudharshan Canagarajah,Xiao Ye
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 54 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Education
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Public Health and Education Spending in Ghana in 1992-98 by Sudharshan Canagarajah,Xiao Ye Pdf

In an economy facing fiscal constraints, public spending in the social sectors needs to be linked to outcomes to ensure efficient and equitable delivery of services.

Author : Menezes, A.,Ligeon, C.,Murekezi, P.,Jolly, C.
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org. [Author]
Page : 86 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2024-04-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789251387153

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Diagnosis of aquaculture employment governance in selected African countries by Menezes, A.,Ligeon, C.,Murekezi, P.,Jolly, C. Pdf

Many countries are promoting aquaculture as one of the prime drivers of the rural economy and the employment of women and youth. [Author] However, the industry is criticized for inadequately representing the needs of workers. [Author] Most African countries have shown a willingness to advance industry goals through domestic programme planning and facilitating foreign direct investment. [Author] However, there is a need for coherent strategies for employment governance. [Author] Hence, immediate change is required to modify the governance of aquaculture employment to foster industrial transformation. [Author] The objective of this research is to enhance understanding of the governance of aquaculture employment in ten African countries (Egypt, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, South Africa, Uganda and Zambia) and to determine their level of compliance with existing employment legislation in those countries. [Author] The ultimate goal is to learn from both positive and negative lessons and propose possible corrective measures for substandard practices in order to improve the public perception of aquaculture. [Author] The study seeks to evaluate existing employment governance in the aquaculture industry and to use the acquired knowledge to inform policymakers and industry leaders on the status of governance in employment. [Author]

Author : Chris Atim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Africa, Central
ISBN : CORNELL:31924091729396

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The Contribution of Mutual Health Organizations to Financing, Delivery, and Access to Health Care by Chris Atim Pdf

Examines the actual and potential contribution of mutual health organizations in West and Central African countries to resource mobilization, efficiency, equity, quality improvement, health care access, sustainability, and democratic governance in the health sector.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Newnes
Page : 1663 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2014-02-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780123756794

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Encyclopedia of Health Economics by Anonim Pdf

The Encyclopedia of Health Economics offers students, researchers and policymakers objective and detailed empirical analysis and clear reviews of current theories and polices. It helps practitioners such as health care managers and planners by providing accessible overviews into the broad field of health economics, including the economics of designing health service finance and delivery and the economics of public and population health. This encyclopedia provides an organized overview of this diverse field, providing one trusted source for up-to-date research and analysis of this highly charged and fast-moving subject area. Features research-driven articles that are objective, better-crafted, and more detailed than is currently available in journals and handbooks Combines insights and scholarship across the breadth of health economics, where theory and empirical work increasingly come from non-economists Provides overviews of key policies, theories and programs in easy-to-understand language

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 137 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2016-12-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309450065

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The Ebola Epidemic in West Africa by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats Pdf

The most recent Ebola epidemic that began in late 2013 alerted the entire world to the gaps in infectious disease emergency preparedness and response. The regional outbreak that progressed to a significant public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) in a matter of months killed 11,310 and infected more than 28,616. While this outbreak bears some unique distinctions to past outbreaks, many characteristics remain the same and contributed to tragic loss of human life and unnecessary expenditure of capital: insufficient knowledge of the disease, its reservoirs, and its transmission; delayed prevention efforts and treatment; poor control of the disease in hospital settings; and inadequate community and international responses. Recognizing the opportunity to learn from the countless lessons of this epidemic, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop in March 2015 to discuss the challenges to successful outbreak responses at the scientific, clinical, and global health levels. Workshop participants explored the epidemic from multiple perspectives, identified important questions about Ebola that remained unanswered, and sought to apply this understanding to the broad challenges posed by Ebola and other emerging pathogens, to prevent the international community from being taken by surprise once again in the face of these threats. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.