Energy Efficiency And Conservation In The Developing World
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Energy Efficiency in Developing Countries by Suzana Tavares da Silva,Gabriela Prata Dias Pdf
This book presents a comparative analysis of energy efficiency policies in developing countries. Although there is a vast amount of literature available about renewable energy policy and implementation in the developing world, energy efficiency tends to lack attention. This book fills this lacuna by examining the current state of the field and scope for future improvements. Drawing on a wide range of case studies including Brazil, China and Chile, the authors use a comparative approach to examine the policies and programmes being implemented, looking at the existing legal frameworks and regulatory challenges. By showcasing stories of success, as well as barriers to energy efficiency, they highlight the opportunities for increased energy access and efficiency and demonstrate how these opportunities may directly impact on climate change mitigation. This volume will be a useful resource for scholars and practitioners with an interest in energy policy and efficiency, climate change and international development.
Author : World Bank Publisher : World Bank Publications Page : 112 pages File Size : 41,7 Mb Release : 1993 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : UCSD:31822015228638
Energy Efficiency and Conservation in the Developing World by World Bank Pdf
There is a congruence of several forces in the developing world that makes very timely the formulation of a strategy to address energy efficiency and conservation issues better. Many countries are becoming receptive to reforming the way energy is produced and consumed as they experience (a) rapidly growing demand for energy; (b) major constraints on available energy financing; (c) increased pressures to sustain the environment; (d) poor energy sector performance and unsatisfied customers; and (e) a reappraisal of the roles of government and of the public and private sectors in development. These factors are forcing developing countries to address long-neglected issues of energy wastage in production and end use. The World Bank now has an enhanced opportunity to further assist developing countries to improve their energy efficiency and conservation policies and practices. The paper provides a background on the evolution of developed versus developing-country energy efficiency and summarizes World Bank experience. It outlines the growing energy demand in developing countries and the accompanying financial and environmental problems that bring energy-efficiency issues to the forefront. The paper then sets out the potential for improved energy efficiency and the main reasons that efficiency has been so poor. Finally, it summarizes the priority actions for achieving energy efficiency in developing countries and sets out a four-point program for the World Bank.
Mainstreaming Building Energy Efficiency Codes in Developing Countries by Feng Liu,Anke S. Meyer,John F. Hogan Pdf
Urbanization and growing wealth in developing countries portend a large increase of demand for modern energy services in residential, commercial and public-service buildings in the coming decades. Pursuing energy efficiency in buildings is vital to energy security in developing countries and is identified by the Intergovernment Panel on Climate Change as having the greatest potential for cost-effective reduction of CO2 emissions by 2030 among all energy-consuming sectors. Building energy efficiency codes (BEECs), along with energy efficiency standards for major appliances and equipment, are broadly recognized as a necessary government intervention to overcome persistent market barriers to capturing the economic potential of energy efficiency gains in the residential, commercial and public-service sectors. Implementation of BEECs help prevent costly energy wastes over the lifecycles of buildings in space heating, air conditioning, lighting, and other energy service requirements. Nonetheless, achieving the full potential of energy savings afforded by more energy-efficient buildings requires holding people who live or work in buildings accountable for the cost of energy services. Compliance enforcement has been the biggest challenge to implementing BEECs. This report summarizes the findings of an extensive literature survey of the experiences of implementing BEECs in developed countries, as well as those from case studies of China, Egypt, India, and Mexico. It also serves as a primer on the basic features and contents of BEECs and the commonly adopted compliance and enforcement approaches. This report highlights the key challenges to improving compliance enforcement in developing countries, including government commitment to energy efficiency, the effectiveness of government oversight of the construction sector, the compliance capacity of building supply chain, and financing constraints. The report notes that the process of transforming a country s building supply chain toward delivering increasingly more energy-efficient buildings takes time and requires persistent government intervention through uniformly enforced and regularly updated BEECs. The report recommends increased international support in strengthening the enforcement infrastructure for BEECs in middle-income developing countries. For low- and lower-middle-income countries, there is an urgent need to assist in improving the effectiveness of government oversight system for building construction, laying the foundation for the system to also cover BEECs.
energy issues in the developing world by Mohan Munasinghe,Robert J. Saunders Pdf
Lower oil prices are rising doubts about the underlying assumptions and ambitious energy programs of the last decade. How -- and how hard -- do countries pursue the goal of energy efficiency in an uncertain energy market?
Advanced Studies in Energy Efficiency and Built Environment for Developing Countries by Chaham Alalouch,Hassan Abdalla,Emmanuel Bozonnet,George Elvin,Oscar Carracedo Pdf
This edited volume consists of three parts. It is a culmination of selected research papers presented at the second version of the international conference on Improving Sustainability Concept in Developing Countries (ISCDC) and the second version of the international conference on Alternative and Renewable Energy Quest in Architecture and Urbanism (AREQ), organized by IEREK in Egypt, 2017. It discusses major environmental issues and challenges which threaten our future. These include climate change impact, environmental deterioration, increasing demand for energy and new approaches for alternative renewable energy sources which became a necessity for survival. In addition to addressing the different environmental issues witnessed today, research presented in this book stressed on the need of sustainably shaping buildings and cities using renewable energy sources. Topics included in this book are (1) Resilience in the Built Environment, (2) Design for energy-efficient architecture and (3) Alternative and Renewable Energy Resources Quest in Architecture and Urbanism. The book is of interest to researchers and academicians who continuously aim to update their knowledge in these fields, as well as decision makers needing the enough knowledge to carry out the right decisions towards the benefit of the environment and society.
Robert P. Taylor,Chandrasekar Govindarajalu,Jeremy Levin,Anke S. Meyer,William A. Ward
Author : Robert P. Taylor,Chandrasekar Govindarajalu,Jeremy Levin,Anke S. Meyer,William A. Ward Publisher : World Bank Publications Page : 304 pages File Size : 45,9 Mb Release : 2008-02-08 Category : Science ISBN : 0821373056
Financing Energy Efficiency by Robert P. Taylor,Chandrasekar Govindarajalu,Jeremy Levin,Anke S. Meyer,William A. Ward Pdf
While energy efficiency projects could partly meet new energy demand more cheaply than new supplies, weak economic institutions in developing and transitional economies impede developing and financing energy efficiency retrofits. This book analyzes these difficulties, suggests a 3-part model for projectizing and financing energy efficiency retrofits, and presents thirteen case studies to illustrate the issues and principles involved.
Industrial Energy Rationalization in Developing Countries by Julio R. Gamba,David A. Caplin,John Mulckhuyse,World Bank Pdf
This book analyzes the potential for improving energy efficiency in industry, and reviews alternative approaches to energy rationalization programs in developing countries. To provide the framework for discussing the potential for and approaches to industrial energy rationalization, the book begins with a review of energy consumption patterns as well as the processes and fuels used in industry. It discusses typical measures for improving energy efficiency through conservation and fuel diversification. The energy-saving potential and the economics of energy utilization in the industrial sector are also reviewed. The experience of selected developed and developing countries with industrial energy rationalization programs suggests that there is a need for a balanced approach to such programs. As the book explains, the design, start up, and implementation and monitoring of these programs include a number of highly technical activities that require special government efforts. It provides details of some of the key elements of such programs. Finally, the role that financial and development institutions can play in the initiation and support of industrial energy rationalization programs is discussed.
Policy Evolution by Douglas A. Decker,Alan R. Berolzheimer Pdf
This volume provides an inside view of the evolution of energy policy & attitudes from the early '90s up to the present. Material is drawn at annual energy forums sponsored jointly by Johnson Controls & the U.S. Energy Association. High-ranking officials from DOE, OMB, EPA, the U.S. Congress, the National Security Council, the World Energy Council, & a variety of corporations & private institutions cover such policy issues as government's role in energy efficiency, evolution of the Federal Energy Management Program, the difficulties of deregulation, impact of deregulation on efficiency, energy & national security, & the U.S. role in the global energy marketplace.
Comparison of energy efficient and green buildings by Shrestha, Shritu Pdf
The adverse environmental impacts from inefficient building construction increase if measures to reduce energy and resource use, through stringent building policies and efficient technology, are not implemented in developed and developing countries. To illustrate a holistic approach to reducing buildings’ energy and resources, the comparison of energy efficient and green buildings in terms of their technological aspects and their policy context in developed and developing countries, mainly in Europe, the USA and India, is presented together with a policy package recommendation for Nepal. A quality review of multiple literature sources, supported by various expert opinions, were the methods used for this in-depth analysis. It discusses that mandatory building standards, voluntary labels, information instruments and financial incentives are the most effective combination for the shift towards market transformation, that results in a higher share of energy efficient and green buildings. The lesson such as higher compliance with, and enforcement of, building energy standards can be seen in developed countries (e.g. Germany). Looking at a building’s life cycle perspective, it is not sufficient to focus solely on operational energy reduction in higher energy efficient buildings as this is achieved by the increased use of energy intensive materials. Green requirements must be considered in updating building energy standards and labels, particularly for developed countries. Green building certification will also become more effective when the stringency of energy standards is higher and when the whole building life cycle assessment is considered. Due to the increasing scarcity of energy and resources, many developing countries are forced to face up to the need for holistic green buildings. Although baseline standards are not as high as in most developed countries and national financial support is low, the gradual move towards making the standards more stringent and incorporating the wider scope of resource saving are positive developments in developing countries (e.g. India). However, to achieve significant success, strategies must include the establishment of a suitable funding environment, a political commitment and a strong government vision for long term and sustainable building construction. The challenges faced by Nepal are even greater due to the fast pace of urban growth and the absence of energy and resource efficient buildings policies, highlighting the need for an effective policy package. Overall, this dissertation demonstrates how energy efficient and green buildings are interlinked. Green buildings reinforced with higher levels of energy efficiency and energy efficient buildings incorporating green requirements are stepping-stones for achieving greater building energy and resource efficiencies. And a suitable policy package fosters its development. Nachteilige Umweltwirkungen eines ineffizienten Bausektors nehmen zu, wenn Maßnahmen zur Reduktion des Energie- und Ressourcenbedarfs in Form stringenter Gebäudepolitiken und effizienter Technologie in Industrieländer und Entwicklungsländer nicht umgesetzt werden. Um einen ganzheitlichen Ansatz zur Reduktion des Energie- und Ressourcenbedarfs von Gebäuden abzubilden, werden energieeffiziente und grüne Gebäude hinsichtlich technologischer Aspekte und ihres Politikkontextes in Industrie- und Entwicklungsländern verglichen. Die Analysen beziehen sich hauptsächlich auf Europa, die USA und Indien und werden ergänzt um Empfehlungen für ein Maßnahmenpaket für Nepal. Ein Review unterschiedlicher Literaturquellen, unterstützt durch diverse Expertenmeinungen, stellt die methodische Grundlage für diese detaillierte Analyse dar. Es diskutiert dass Bauvorschriften und -standards, freiwillige Label, Informationsinstrumente und finanzielle Anreize bilden die effektivste Kombination für die Einleitung einer Markttransformation, die schließlich zu einem höheren Anteil energieeffizienter und grüner Gebäude führt. Gute Beispiele einer höheren Beachtung von Gebäudeenergiestandards und deren Weiterentwicklung existieren in verschiedenen Industrieländern wie Deutschland. Unter Berücksichtigung des Lebenszyklus von Gebäuden ist es nicht ausreichend, nur die Reduktion des Energieverbrauchs in der Nutzungsphase der Gebäude zu beachten, weil diese den Einsatz von Materialien mit hohem Energieverbrauch in der Herstellung bedeuten kann. Grüne Anforderungen muss in der zukünftigen Entwicklung von Gebäudeenergiestandards und -labels berücksichtigt werden, insbesondere in Industrieländern. Die Zertifizierung grüner Gebäude wird auch effektiver werden, wenn Energiestandards verschärft werden und wenn vollständige Gebäude-Ökobilanzen berücksichtigt werden. Auf Grund steigender Knappheit von Energie und Ressourcen sind viele Entwicklungsländer gezwungen, sich der Notwendigkeit grüner Gebäude zu stellen. Obwohl das Niveau von Mindeststandards unterhalb dessen der meisten entwickelten Ländern liegt und die finanzielle Unterstützung gering ist, sind die schrittweise Verschärfung der Standards und die Einbeziehung der weiteren Perspektive der Ressourcenschonung positive Entwicklungen in Entwicklungsländer wie Indien. Um erfolgreich zu sein, müssen bestehende Strategien umfasst werden, an die Schaffung eines geeigneten Förderrahmens, die politische Bekenntnis und eine starke Regierungsvision für einen langfristigen und nachhaltigen Bausektor. Die Herausforderungen, mit denen Nepal konfrontiert wird, sind noch umfangreicher. Sie resultieren aus einem schnellen urbanen Wachstum und dem Fehlen von energie- und ressourceneffizienten Gebäudepolitiken. Die Erforderlichkeit eines effektiven Maßnahmenpakets für Nepal wird hierdurch unterstrichen. Insgesamt wird hierdurch der Zusammenhang zwischen energieeffizienten und grünen Gebäuden aufgezeigt. Die verstärkte Berücksichtigung von Energieeffizienz in grünen Gebäuden sowie von Nachhaltigkeitsanforderungen in energieeffizienten Gebäude sind Sprungbretter für die verbesserte Energie- und Ressourceneffizienz von Gebäuden. Eine solche Entwicklung wird durch ein geeignetes Maßnahmenpaket unterstützt.
International Development Research Centre (Canada),Energy Research Group (Canada)
Author : International Development Research Centre (Canada),Energy Research Group (Canada) Publisher : International Development Research Centre Books Page : 334 pages File Size : 48,5 Mb Release : 1994 Category : Political Science ISBN : MSU:31293011334871
