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Author : United States. Energy Information Administration. Office of Energy Use Analysis
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 38 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Energy policy
ISBN : STANFORD:36105111142738
Author : Gerard Marion Brannon
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 1974
Category : Political Science
ISBN : STANFORD:36105035925002
Author : Stefan E. Weishaar,Larry Kreiser,Janet E. Milne,Hope Ashiabor,Michael Mehling
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2017-08-25
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781788111171
The Paris Agreement’s key objective is the strengthening of the global response to climate change by transitioning the world to an increasingly green economy. In this book, environmental tax and climate law experts examine carbon taxes energy subsidies, and support schemes for carbon and energy policies. Chapters reflect on the underlying policy dynamics and the constraints of various fiscal measures, and consider the harmonisation of smart instrument mixes.
Author : Bernadette M. Horton
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Emissions trading
ISBN : 1617288861
Energy tax policy involves the use of one of the government's main fiscal instruments, taxes (both as an incentive and as a disincentive) to alter the allocation or configuration of energy resources and their use. In theory, energy taxes and subsidies, like tax policy instruments in general, are intended either to correct a problem or distortion in the energy markets or to achieve some economic (efficiency, equity, or even macroeconomic) objective. In practice, however, energy tax policy in the United States is made in a political setting, being determined by the views and interests of the key players in this setting: politicians, special interest groups, bureaucrats, academic scholars, and fiscal dictates. As a result, enacted tax policy embodies compromises between economic and political goals, which could either mitigate or compound existing distortions. This book explores the role of taxes in energy production and conservation.
Author : Laura Merrill
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
Page : 61 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789289343862
Author : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 69 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2013-01-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781498342391
Energy subsidies have wide-ranging economic consequences. While aimed at protecting consumers, subsidies aggravate fiscal imbalances, crowd-out priority public spending, and depress private investment, including in the energy sector. Subsidies also distort resource allocation by encouraging excessive energy consumption, artificially promoting capital-intensive industries, reducing incentives for investment in renewable energy, and accelerating the depletion of natural resources. Most subsidy benefits are captured by higher-income households, reinforcing inequality. Even future generations are affected through the damaging effects of increased energy consumption on global warming. This paper provides: (i) the most comprehensive estimates of energy subsidies currently available for 176 countries; and (ii) an analysis of ?how to do energy subsidy reform, drawing on insights from 22 country case studies undertaken by IMF staff and analyses carried out by other institutions.
Author : Nathan Videt
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Energy policy
ISBN : 1629485527
Since the 1970s, energy tax policy in the United States has attempted to achieve two broad objectives. First, policymakers have sought to reduce oil import dependence and enhance national security through a variety of domestic energy investment and production tax subsidies. Second, environmental concerns have led to subsidisation of a variety of renewable and energy efficiency technologies via the tax code. While these two broad goals continue to guide policy, enacted policies that solely focus on achieving only one of the goals are often inconsistent with policies solely designed to achieve the other goal. For example, subsidies to oil and gas producers, while enhancing domestic oil and gas production, encourage an activity with negative environmental consequences. By providing a longitudinal perspective on energy tax policy and expenditures, this book examines how current revenue losses resulting from energy tax provisions compare to historical losses and provides a foundation for understanding how current energy tax policy evolved. Further, this book compares the relative value of tax incentives given to fossil fuels, renewables, and energy efficiency. Recent legislation has introduced, reintroduced, expanded, and extended a number of energy tax provisions. While a number of the current energy provisions have a long historical standing in the tax code, a wider variety of tax incentives, to promote a range of energy sources, are presently available than have been available in the past.
Author : Nathan Videt
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 109 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1629485535
Since the 1970s, energy tax policy in the United States has attempted to achieve two broad objectives. First, policymakers have sought to reduce oil import dependence and enhance national security through a variety of domestic energy investment and production tax subsidies. Second, environmental concerns have led to subsidization of a variety of renewable and energy efficiency technologies via the tax code. While these two broad goals continue to guide policy, enacted policies that solely focus on achieving only one of the goals are often inconsistent with policies solely designed to achieve the other goal. For example, subsidies to oil and gas producers, while enhancing domestic oil and gas production, encourage an activity with negative environmental consequences. By providing a longitudinal perspective on energy tax policy and expenditures, this book examines how current revenue losses resulting from energy tax provisions compare to historical losses and provides a foundation for understanding how current energy tax policy evolved. Further, this book compares the relative value of tax incentives given to fossil fuels, renewables, and energy efficiency. Recent legislation has introduced, reintroduced, expanded, and extended a number of energy tax provisions. While a number of the current energy provisions have a long historical standing in the tax code, a wider variety of tax incentives, to promote a range of energy sources, are presently available than have been available in the past.
Author : International Energy Agency. Economic Analysis Division
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105008789765
Study describing energy tax regimes of selected OECD countries to discover why and how energy is taxed. Country case studies include Australia, Denmark, Germany, Japan, USA. It highlights issues faced by governments considering new energy taxes as a way to affect energy consumption and energy-related pollution.
Author : Gilbert E. Metcalf
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 415 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2010-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781139492409
The United States face enormous challenges in the energy area. Climate change, biofuels policy, energy security and environmental degradation are all intimately bound up with energy production and consumption. Historically, the federal government has relied on tax subsidies to effect energy policy. With mounting federal deficits, policymakers and advocates are increasingly calling for a rethinking of our energy tax policy. How can the federal tax code strengthen environmental policy and reduce security concerns in the area of energy? The authors tackle such difficult problems as climate change, efficient taxation of oil and gas, and optimal oil tax policy in a world with OPEC oil producers dominating world oil supply. This volume presents a number of innovative policy suggestions backed by sophisticated and cutting-edge research carried out by leading scholars in the area of energy taxation.
Author : Ian Parry,Mr. Simon Black,Nate Vernon
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2021-09-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781513595405
This paper provides a comprehensive global, regional, and country-level update of: (i) efficient fossil fuel prices to reflect their full private and social costs; and (ii) subsidies implied by mispricing fuels. The methodology improves over previous IMF analyses through more sophisticated estimation of costs and impacts of reform. Globally, fossil fuel subsidies were $5.9 trillion in 2020 or about 6.8 percent of GDP, and are expected to rise to 7.4 percent of GDP in 2025. Just 8 percent of the 2020 subsidy reflects undercharging for supply costs (explicit subsidies) and 92 percent for undercharging for environmental costs and foregone consumption taxes (implicit subsidies). Efficient fuel pricing in 2025 would reduce global carbon dioxide emissions 36 percent below baseline levels, which is in line with keeping global warming to 1.5 degrees, while raising revenues worth 3.8 percent of global GDP and preventing 0.9 million local air pollution deaths. Accompanying spreadsheets provide detailed results for 191 countries.
Author : Mark Nicholas Kosmo
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : STANFORD:36105034366729
Author : David Coady,Ian W.H. Parry,Louis Sears,Baoping Shang
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2015-05-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781513560502
This paper provides a comprehensive, updated picture of energy subsidies at the global and regional levels. It focuses on the broad notion of post-tax energy subsidies, which arise when consumer prices are below supply costs plus a tax to reflect environmental damage and an additional tax applied to all consumption goods to raise government revenues. Post-tax energy subsidies are dramatically higher than previously estimated, and are projected to remain high. These subsidies primarily reflect under-pricing from a domestic (rather than global) perspective, so even unilateral price reform is in countries’ own interests. The potential fiscal, environmental and welfare impacts of energy subsidy reform are substantial.
Author : Jon Strand
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2016-07-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780262337496
The economic and political aspects of energy subsidies, viewed both theoretically and empirically, with a focus on fossil fuel subsidies in developing nations. Government subsidies to energy are widespread and represent a heavy burden on public budgets in many countries. Both producers and consumers may be subsidized; the most common subsidies are for motor fuel consumption and electricity production and consumption. The subsidies to consumers often prove particularly harmful because they result in increased energy consumption, increased carbon emissions, and distortionary effects on consumer behavior. This book fills a void in the literature by providing a first, broad and diverse, analysis of several aspects of the economic and political economy aspects of government energy subsidies. The contributors take both theoretical and empirical approaches, with most of the focus on subsidies to fuel and electricity in non-OECD countries. The chapters cover such topics as energy pricing, reelection incentives for politicians that may encourage excessive subsidies; political corruption and “bribing equilibria,” the the “resource curse” in developing countries when the gains from natural resource windfalls are largely wasted, the “entitlement” of energy subsidies in autocracies, and distributional issues when subsidies targeted to the poor are removed in high-income countries. One chapter discusses nonharmful subsidies: the potential economic effects of subsidizing the manufacturing and deployment of renewable energy. Contributors Carolyn Fischer, Mads Greaker, Mohammad Habibpour, Michelle Harding, Christina Kolerus, Christos Kotsogiannis, Jim Krane, Alber Touna Mama, Raffaele Miniaci, Marco Pani, Ian Parry, Carlo Perroni, Leonzio Rizzo, Knut Einar Rosendahl, Carlo Scarpa, Neda Seiban, Suphi Sen, Jon Strand, Paola Valbonesi, Herman Vollebergh
Author : Fouad Sabry
Publisher : One Billion Knowledgeable
Page : 331 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2024-02-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : PKEY:6610000522590
What is Subsidy A subsidy, sometimes known as a government incentive, is a form of government spending that is intended to stabilize the economy by providing financial assistance to individuals, households, and enterprises by providing financial assistance. While it provides businesses with the potential to remain profitable and/or competitive, it also ensures that individuals and families are able to maintain their viability by ensuring that they have access to basic commodities and services. Aside from the fact that they help governments respond to economic shocks during a recession or in response to unforeseen shocks, such as the COVID-19 epidemic, subsidies not only help to foster long-term economic stability but also help governments respond to economic shocks. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Subsidy Chapter 2: Emissions trading Chapter 3: Carbon tax Chapter 4: Agricultural subsidy Chapter 5: Environmental tax Chapter 6: Economic interventionism Chapter 7: Eco-capitalism Chapter 8: Energy policy Chapter 9: Energy policy of Australia Chapter 10: Renewable energy commercialization Chapter 11: Carbon price Chapter 12: Environmental pricing reform Chapter 13: Food vs. fuel Chapter 14: Energy subsidy Chapter 15: Environmental effects of transport in Australia Chapter 16: Economics of climate change mitigation Chapter 17: Carbon fee and dividend Chapter 18: Cap and dividend Chapter 19: Subsistence agriculture Chapter 20: Energy subsidies in the United States Chapter 21: Fossil fuel subsidies (II) Answering the public top questions about subsidy. (III) Real world examples for the usage of subsidy in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Subsidy.
