Entre Mécanique Et Architecture Between Mechanics And Architecture
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Entre Mécanique et Architecture / Between Mechanics and Architecture by Patricia Radelet-de Grave,Edoardo Benvenuto Pdf
This book is a collective work and its richness lies in the diversity of the perspectives, all historical, focussed on the science of building. Its aim is to counter-balance the picture of architecture provided by art historians who, in general, study the evolution of buildings. In this book, the authors look into what is related to the actual act of building, to the means of assuring building stability. While historians of art are principally concerned with the esthetics of a monument, here the accent is put on the development of the physico- mathematical theories of mechanics to which engineers and constructors have turned, and to the laws of mechanics, of elasticity and of the strength of materials to which they are bound. The study of perspective and projective geometry also enters the work by way of the representations and plans of the buildings to be constructed. The art of building has always been at the center of human endeavors, and the will to see this art advance has had repercussions in all related fields. Today, these complex interrelations provide the groundwork for research of the restoration of historical monuments.
The History of the Theory of Structures by Karl-Eugen Kurrer Pdf
This book traces the evolution of theory of structures and strength of materials - the development of the geometrical thinking of the Renaissance to become the fundamental engineering science discipline rooted in classical mechanics. Starting with the strength experiments of Leonardo da Vinci and Galileo, the author examines the emergence of individual structural analysis methods and their formation into theory of structures in the 19th century. For the first time, a book of this kind outlines the development from classical theory of structures to the structural mechanics and computational mechanics of the 20th century. In doing so, the author has managed to bring alive the differences between the players with respect to their engineering and scientific profiles and personalities, and to create an understanding for the social context. Brief insights into common methods of analysis, backed up by historical details, help the reader gain an understanding of the history of structural mechanics from the standpoint of modern engineering practice. A total of 175 brief biographies of important personalities in civil and structural engineering as well as structural mechanics plus an extensive bibliography round off this work.
Masonry Structures: Between Mechanics and Architecture by Danila Aita,Orietta Pedemonte,Kim Williams Pdf
The book aims to provide an overview of the state of the art on the mechanics of arches and masonry structures. It is addressed to an international audience, arising from the international context in which the Associazione Edoardo Benvenuto has carried out its activities in recent years, under the honorary presidency of Jacques Heyman. The book belongs to the collection Between Mechanics and Architecture, born in 1995 from the collaboration of several renowned scholars, including Edoardo Benvenuto (P. Radelet-de Grave, E. Benvenuto (eds.), Entre Mécanique et Architecture / Between Mechanics and Architecture, Birkhäuser, Basel 1995).
Essays on the History of Mechanics by Antonio Becchi,Massimo Corradi,Federico Foce,Orietta Pedemonte Pdf
The history of mechanics, and more particularly, the history of mechanics applied to constructions, constitutes a field of research that is relatively recent. This volume, together with the recent publication "Towards a History of Construction", is intended as an homage to the two eminent scholars who made a determinant contribution to the history of mechanics: Edoardo Benvenuto and Clifford Truesdell.
Discovering the Principles of Mechanics 1600-1800 by David Speiser Pdf
This book assembles 21 essays on the history of mechanics and mathematical physics written by David Speiser. Covering a period from the beginning of the seventeenth century to the eighteenth, the essays discuss developments in elasticity, rigid bodies, gravitation, the principle of relativity, optics, and first principles. They examine the work of Galileo, Huygens, Newton, Leibniz, the Bernoullis, Euler, Maupertuis, and Lambert.
This book deals with the general concepts in stereotomy and its connection with descriptive geometry, the social background of its practitioners and theoreticians, the general methods and tools of this technology, and the specific procedures for the members built in hewn stone, including arches, squinches, stairs and vaults, ending with a chapter discussing the open problems in this field. Thus, it can be used as a reference book in the subject, but it can also read as a compelling narrative on this subject, one of the main branches of pre-industrial technology. Construction in hewn stone requires the use of geometrical methods and tools to assure that individual stones, either blocks or voussoirs, fit with one another and conform to the general shape of walls, arches or vaults. During the Late Middle Ages and the Renaissance, such techniques and instruments were developed empirically by masons and architects. Later on, learned mathematicians and engineers introduced refinements in these procedures and this branch of knowledge, known as stereotomy, furnished much material to descriptive geometry, a science born with the French Revolution which provided the foundation for projective geometry.
This issue is dedicated to Mechanics in Architecture. It explores the latest findings in the science of structural mechanics, including the behavior of structures, internal forces, and deformation. It also explores the development of new structural systems designed to resist thrusts resulting from new architectural forms. Some of the papers published in this issue were presented at the Nexus 2006 during a special session dedicated to mechanics.
Model and Mathematics: From the 19th to the 21st Century by Michael Friedman,Karin Krauthausen Pdf
This open access book collects the historical and medial perspectives of a systematic and epistemological analysis of the complicated, multifaceted relationship between model and mathematics, ranging from, for example, the physical mathematical models of the 19th century to the simulation and digital modelling of the 21st century. The aim of this anthology is to showcase the status of the mathematical model between abstraction and realization, presentation and representation, what is modeled and what models. This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.
Between Tradition and Innovation by Ad J. Meskens Pdf
This book offers an analysis of the ground breaking mathematical work of Gregorio a San Vicente and his student and shows that the Flemish Jesuit Mathematics School had profound influence on mathematics in the seventeenth century.
This review of literature on perspective constructions from the Renaissance through the 18th century covers 175 authors, emphasizing Peiro della Francesca, Guidobaldo del Monte, Simon Stevin, Brook Taylor, and Johann Heinrich. It treats such topics as the various methods of constructing perspective, the development of theories underlying the constructions, and the communication between mathematicians and artisans in these developments.
Les ponts en arc font actuellement face au double défi de protéger leur patrimoine et de rivaliser avec d'autres formes plus récentes de structures. La conservation des ponts en arc implique de multiples impératifs : une politique saine d'inspection et de suivi, des méthodes précises d'investigation, une évaluation fiable et un éventuel diagnostic, des moyens efficaces de maintenance, de réparation, de renforcement et d'élargissement. Pendant que des ouvrages existants sont réparés et revalorisés, de nouveaux ponts en arc, de -nies traditionnelles et à " l'échelle humaine ", continuent à se construire, en utilisant des matériaux et procédés améliorés et rentables, assurant longévité et respect de l'environnement. Au premier plan de cette continuité, les concepteurs des ponts en béton, dans les hémisphères Nord et Sud, s'efforcent avec succès de réaliser des portées en arc de plus en plus longues, frôlant les 400 mètres dans les années 1980. Récemment, sur d'autres sites spectaculaires, des records de portées ont été battus par trois ponts en arc respectivement en pierre, en béton, en tubes d'acier remplis de béton. Une telle avancée ne manquera pas d'inciter les ingénieurs à rechercher des formes d'arc encore plus audacieuses et élégantes. Sur le large éventail des thèmes proposés, de nombreux auteurs, de plus de vingt-cinq pays, ont apporté des contributions majeures rappelant que les ponts en arc n'ont rien perdu de leur actualité et que, malgré les leçons assimilées de leur prestigieux héritage, leur conception stimule toujours la créativité des ingénieurs et des architectes. Ces contributions sont réunies dans le présent volume édité à l'occasion de la Troisième Conférence internationale sur les Ponts en Arc, tenue à Paris en septembre 2001. Arch bridges face at present the double challenge of protecting their heritage and competing with other more recent structural forms. The conservation of the arch bridge heritage successively requires sound inspection and monitoring policies, accurate investigative methods, reliable assessment and eventual diagnosis, efficient means for maintenance, repair, strengthening and widening. While existing structures are being repaired and upgraded, new arch bridges, of traditional forms and on a "human scale", continue to be constructed, using improved and cost-effective materials and procedures, ensuring longevity and respect for the environment. In the forefront of this continuity, concrete bridge designers, in the northern and southern hemispheres, have successfully been striving for ever larger arch spans, closely approaching 400 m in the 1980's. Lately, at other spectacular sites, span records were beaten in three arch bridges respectively using stone, concrete and slender concrete-filled steel tubes. This breakthrough may encourage engineers to seek more daring and elegant forms of arch. On the broad spectrum of the suggested topics, numerous authors, from more than twenty-five countries, have recently offered major contributions, reminding that arch bridges have nothing lost of their appeal and that, for all the lessons learnt from their prestigious heritage, their design still simulates the creativity of engineers and architects. These contributions are put together in the present volume edited on the occasion of the Third International Arch Bridge Conference held in Paris in September 2001.
The Grove Encyclopedia of Materials and Techniques in Art by Gerald W. R. Ward Pdf
"The Grove Encyclopedia of Materials and Techniques deals with all aspects of materials, techniques, conservation, and restoration in both traditional and nontraditional media, including ceramics, sculpture, metalwork, painting, works on paper, textiles, video, digital art, and more. Drawing upon the expansive scholarship in The Dictionary of Art and adding new entries, this work is a comprehensive reference resource for artists, art dealers, collectors, curators, conservators, students, researchers, and scholars." "Similar in design to The Grove Encyclopedia of Decorative Arts, this one-volume reference work contains articles of various lengths in alphabetical order. The shorter, more factual articles are combined with larger, multi-section articles tracing the development of materials and techniques in various geographical locations. The Encyclopedia provides unparalleled scope and depth, and it offers fully updated articles and bibliography as well as over 150 illustrations and color plates." "The Grove Encyclopedia of Materials and Techniques offers scholarly information on materials and techniques in art for anyone who studies, creates, collects, or deals in works of art. The entries are written to be accessible to a wide range of readers, and the work is designed as a reliable and convenient resource covering this essential area in the visual arts."
Towards a History of Construction by Edoardo Benvenuto Pdf
Edoardo Benvenuto was born in Genoa on December 11, 1940. From 1965 to 1974 Edoardo Benvenuto worked at the Istituto Ligure Ricerche Economiche e Sociali (ILRES) as a researcher in Urban Studies, and also had an illustrious academic career in the Faculty of Engineering at Genoa University. In 1975 he was called to teach at the new Faculty of Architecture in Genoa; he became ist Dean in 1979 and remained in this post until 1997. While carrying out his institutional work, Benvenuto also maintained his interests in other studies concerning scientific, philosophic and theological thought. In recognition of his great devotion to work both as a teacher and researcher, in 1996 he was elected member of the UNESCO Committee for Exact Sciences; he also collaborated with the Committee for Culture. In 1997 the Order of Architects in Genoa made him an honorary member of the "Roll of Honour". In 1998 he became President of the Ligurian Academy of Science and Letters. He died in Genoa on November 27, 1998. On the first anniversary of the death of Edoardo Benvenuto, the Association "Associazione Benvenuto" chose to commemorate his scientific personality by holding an International Seminar "Homage to Edoardo Benvenuto" in Genoa from November 29, to December 1, 1999. On that occasion scholars of structural mechanics, architectural restoration and history of science, mathematics, architecture and construction presented the results of their research, thus reflecting the multiplicity of the interests he cultivated. With these proceedings, the Edoardo Benvenuto Association wishes to add its contribution to the research programme begun in 1993 with the Symposium "Between Mechanics and Architecture", organised by E. Benvenuto and P. Radelet de Grave and held during the XIX International Congress of History of Science, Zaragoza 1993.