Environmental Life Cycle Assessment Of Goods And Services

Author : Chris T. Hendrickson,Lester B. Lave,H. Scott Matthews
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2010-09-30
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781136525490

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Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Goods and Services by Chris T. Hendrickson,Lester B. Lave,H. Scott Matthews Pdf

Environmental life cycle assessment is often thought of as cradle to grave and therefore as the most complete accounting of the environmental costs and benefits of a product or service. However, as anyone who has done an environmental life cycle assessment knows, existing tools have many problems: data is difficult to assemble and life cycle studies take months of effort. A truly comprehensive analysis is prohibitive, so analysts are often forced to simply ignore many facets of life cycle impacts. But the focus on one aspect of a product or service can result in misleading indications if that aspect is benign while other aspects pollute or are otherwise unsustainable. This book summarizes the EIO-LCA method, explains its use in relation to other life cycle assessment models, and provides sample applications and extensions of the model into novel areas. A final chapter explains the free, easy-to-use software tool available on a companion website. (www.eiolca.net) The software tool provides a wealth of data, summarizing the current U.S. economy in 500 sectors with information on energy and materials use, pollution and greenhouse gas discharges, and other attributes like associated occupational deaths and injuries. The joint project of twelve faculty members and over 20 students working together over the past ten years at the Green Design Institute of Carnegie Mellon University, the EIO-LCA has been applied to a wide range of products and services. It will prove useful for research, industry, and in economics, engineering, or interdisciplinary classes in green design.

Author : United Nations Environment Programme,Evan Stuart Andrews
Publisher : UNEP/Earthprint
Page : 104 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9280730215

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Guidelines for Social Life Cycle Assessment of Products by United Nations Environment Programme,Evan Stuart Andrews Pdf

The Guidelines for Social Life Cycle Assessment of Products provides a map, a skeleton and a flash light for stakeholders engaging in the assessment of social and socio-economic impacts of products life cycle. The map describes the context, the key concepts, the broader field in which tools and techniques are getting developed and their scope of application. The skeleton presents key elements to consider and provide guidance for the goal and scope, inventory, impact assessment and interpretation phases of a social life cycle assessment. The flash light highlights areas where further research is needed. Social Life Cycle Assessment is a technique available to account for stories and inform systematically on impacts that otherwise would be lost in the vast and fast moving sea of our modern world. May it help stakeholders to effectively and efficiently engage to improve social and socio-economic conditions of production and consumption

Author : Chris T. Hendrickson,Lester B. Lave,H. Scott Matthews
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2010-09-30
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781136525506

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Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Goods and Services by Chris T. Hendrickson,Lester B. Lave,H. Scott Matthews Pdf

Environmental life cycle assessment is often thought of as cradle to grave and therefore as the most complete accounting of the environmental costs and benefits of a product or service. However, as anyone who has done an environmental life cycle assessment knows, existing tools have many problems: data is difficult to assemble and life cycle studies take months of effort. A truly comprehensive analysis is prohibitive, so analysts are often forced to simply ignore many facets of life cycle impacts. But the focus on one aspect of a product or service can result in misleading indications if that aspect is benign while other aspects pollute or are otherwise unsustainable. This book summarizes the EIO-LCA method, explains its use in relation to other life cycle assessment models, and provides sample applications and extensions of the model into novel areas. A final chapter explains the free, easy-to-use software tool available on a companion website. (www.eiolca.net) The software tool provides a wealth of data, summarizing the current U.S. economy in 500 sectors with information on energy and materials use, pollution and greenhouse gas discharges, and other attributes like associated occupational deaths and injuries. The joint project of twelve faculty members and over 20 students working together over the past ten years at the Green Design Institute of Carnegie Mellon University, the EIO-LCA has been applied to a wide range of products and services. It will prove useful for research, industry, and in economics, engineering, or interdisciplinary classes in green design.

Author : Olivier Jolliet,Myriam Saade-Sbeih,Shanna Shaked,Alexandre Jolliet,Pierre Crettaz
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2015-11-18
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781439887707

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Environmental Life Cycle Assessment (Open Access) by Olivier Jolliet,Myriam Saade-Sbeih,Shanna Shaked,Alexandre Jolliet,Pierre Crettaz Pdf

Environmental Life Cycle Assessment is a pivotal guide to identifying environmental problems and reducing related impacts for companies and organizations in need of life cycle assessment (LCA). LCA, a unique sustainability tool, provides a framework that addresses a growing demand for practical technological solutions. Detailing each phase of the LCA methodology, this textbook covers the historical development of LCA, presents the general principles and characteristics of LCA, and outlines the corresponding standards for good practice determined by the International Organization for Standardization. It also explains how to identify the critical aspects of an LCA, provides detailed examples of LCA analysis and applications, and includes illustrated problems and solutions with concrete examples from water management, electronics, packaging, automotive, and other industries. In addition, readers will learn how to: Use consistent criteria to realize and evaluate an LCA independently of individual interests Understand the LCA methodology and become familiar with existing databases and methods based on the latest results of international research Analyze and critique a completed LCA Apply LCA methodology to simple case studies Geared toward graduate and undergraduate students studying environmental science and industrial ecology, as well as practicing environmental engineers, and sustainability professionals who want to teach themselves LCA good practices, Environmental Life Cycle Assessment demonstrates how to conduct environmental assessments for products throughout their life cycles. It presents existing methods and recent developments in the growing field of LCA and systematically covers goal and system definition, life cycle inventory, life cycle impact assessment, and interpretation.

Author : Mary Ann Curran
Publisher : McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Environmental engineering
ISBN : 007015063X

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Environmental Life-cycle Assessment by Mary Ann Curran Pdf

This is a comprehensive resource on the rediscovered area of Life Cycle Assessment as it can be applied to human health and the environment. The reader will receive a brief history of LCA and its re-emergence in 1990.

Author : R. Heijungs,Sangwon Suh
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401599009

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The Computational Structure of Life Cycle Assessment by R. Heijungs,Sangwon Suh Pdf

Life Cycle assessment (LCA) is a tool for environmental decision-support in relation to products from the cradle to the grave. Until now, more emphasis has been put on the inclusion quantitative models and databases and on the design of guidebooks for applying LCA than on the integrative aspect of combining these models and data. This is a remarkable thing, since LCA in practice deals with thousands of quantitative data items that have to be combined in the correct manner. For this, one needs mathematical rules and algorithmic principles for carrying out an LCA. This book presents the first coherent treatment of the mathematical and algorithmic aspects of LCA. These computational aspects are presented in matrix form, so that a concise and elegant formulation is achieved. This form, moreover, provides a platform for further extension of analysis using perturbation theory, structural theory and economic input-output analysis.

Author : Mary Ann Curran
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 634 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2012-10-08
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781118099728

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Life Cycle Assessment Handbook by Mary Ann Curran Pdf

The first book of its kind, the Life Cycle Assessment Handbook: A Guide for Environmentally Sustainable Products will become an invaluable resource for environmentally progressive manufacturers and suppliers, product and process designers, executives and managers, and government officials who want to learn about this essential component of environmental sustainability. As the last several decades have seen a dramatic rise in the application of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) in decision making, the interest in the life cycle concept as an environmental management and sustainability tool continues to grow. The LCA Handbook offers a look at the role that life cycle information, in the hands of companies, governments, and consumers, may have in improving the environmental performance of products and technologies. It concisely and clearly presents the various aspects of LCA in order to help the reader better understand the subject. The content of the book was designed with a certain flow in mind. After a high-level overview to describe current views and state-of-the-practice of LCA, it presents chapters that address specific LCA methodological issues including creating life cycle inventory, life cycle impact assessment, and capturing eco-systems services. These are followed by example applications of LCA in the agri-food industry; sustainable supply chain management; solid waste management; mining and mineral extraction; forest products; buildings; product innovation; and sustainable chemistry and engineering. The international success of the sustainability paradigm needs the participation of many stakeholders, including citizens, corporations, academia, and NGOs. The handbook links LCA and responsible decision making and how the life cycle concept is a critical element in environmental sustainability. It covers issues such as building capacity in developing countries and emerging economies so that they are more capable of harnessing the potential in LCA for sustainable development. Governments play a very important role with the leverage they have through procurement, regulation, international treaties, tax incentives, public outreach, and other policy tools. This compilation points to the clear trend for incorporating life cycle information into the design and development processes for products and policies, just as quality and safety concerns are now addressed throughout product design and development.

Author : Walter Klöpffer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2014-03-20
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789401786973

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Background and Future Prospects in Life Cycle Assessment by Walter Klöpffer Pdf

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) has become the recognized instrument to assess the ecological burdens and human health impacts connected with the complete life cycle (creation, use, end-of-life) of products, processes and activities, enabling the assessor to model the entire system from which products are derived or in which processes and activities operate. This volume introduces the major new book series LCA Compendium - The Complete World of Life Cycle Assessment. In this volume, the main drivers in the development of LCA are explored. The volume also discusses strengths and limitations in LCA as well as challenges and gaps, thus offering an unbiased picture of the state-of-the-art and future of LCA.

Author : Kun-Mo Lee
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Environmental impact analysis
ISBN : 9810505906

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Life Cycle Assessment by Kun-Mo Lee Pdf

Author : Jeroen B. Guinée
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 692 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2006-04-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780306480553

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Handbook on Life Cycle Assessment by Jeroen B. Guinée Pdf

Environmental policy aims at the transition to sustainable production and consumption. This is taking place in different ways and at different levels. In cases where businesses are continuously active to improve the environmental performance of their products and activities, the availability of knowledge on environmental impacts is indispensable. The integrated assessment of all environmental impacts from cradle to grave is the basis for many decisions relating to achieving improved products and services. The assessment tool most widely used for this is the environmental Life Cycle Assessment, or LCA. Before you is the new Handbook of LCA replacing the previous edition of 1992. New developments in LCA methodology from all over the world have been discussed and, where possible, included in this new Handbook. Integration of all developments into a new, consistent method has been the main aim for the new Handbook. The thinking on environment and sustainability is, however, quickly evolving so that it is already clear now that this new LCA Handbook does not embrace the very latest developments. Therefore, further revisions will have to take place in the future. A major advantage of this Handbook is that it now also advises which procedures should be followed to achieve adequate, relevant and accepted results. Furthermore, the distinction between detailed and simplified LCA makes this Handbook more broadly applicable, while guidance is provided as to which additional information can be relevant for specialised applications.

Author : Allan Astrup Jensen
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015042034994

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Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) by Allan Astrup Jensen Pdf

Life Cycle Assessment

Author : Guido Sonnemann,Manuele Margni
Publisher : Springer
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2015-07-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401772211

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Life Cycle Management by Guido Sonnemann,Manuele Margni Pdf

This book provides insight into the Life Cycle Management (LCM) concept and the progress in its implementation. LCM is a management concept applied in industrial and service sectors to improve products and services, while enhancing the overall sustainability performance of business and its value chains. In this regard, LCM is an opportunity to differentiate through sustainability performance on the market place, working with all departments of a company such as research and development, procurement and marketing, and to enhance the collaboration with stakeholders along a company’s value chain. LCM is used beyond short-term business success and aims at long-term achievements by minimizing environmental and socio-economic burden, while maximizing economic and social value.

Author : Subramanian Senthilkannan Muthu
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2021-09-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811645624

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Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA) by Subramanian Senthilkannan Muthu Pdf

Environmental Life Cycle Assessment (ELCA) that was developed about three decades ago demands a broadening of its scope to include lifecycle costing and social aspects of life cycle assessment as well, drawing on the three-pillar or ‘triple bottom line’ model of sustainability, which is the result of the development of the Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA). LCSA refers to the evaluation of all environmental, social and economic negative impacts and benefits in decision-making processes towards more sustainable products throughout their life cycle. Combination of environmental and social life cycle assessments along with life cycle costing leads to life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA). This book highlights various aspects of life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA).

Author : David Hunkeler,Kerstin Lichtenvort,Gerald Rebitzer
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2008-05-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781420054736

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Environmental Life Cycle Costing by David Hunkeler,Kerstin Lichtenvort,Gerald Rebitzer Pdf

Balances Scientific and Economic Points of View to Thoroughly Address Management Issues Responding to the need for clarification and benchmarks, Environmental Life Cycle Costing provides the fundamental basis on which to establish a definitive methodology. Clearly defining environmental LCC, this book balances scientific and economic points of view and thoroughly addresses the management perspective. Demonstrates the Process From Problem Definition to Analysis, to Presentation The book focuses on environmental LCC but also analyzes conventional LCC and societal LCC, providing case studies for each. It presents the link between life cycle costing and life cycle assessment and then explores public, private, and societal options. The book also explains all components of the method using the cross-cutting example of a washing machine. It also provides categorizations that permit the method to be adapted or streamlined as a function of the time available to the practitioner. Case study boxes demonstrate the process for carrying out an LCC, from problem definition to analysis and ultimate presentation to the decision maker. Experts Integrate Conventional Thinking with Emerging Ideas Environmental LCC summarizes all costs associated with the life cycle of a product regardless of who bears those costs. It includes present and future money flows as well as those to be internalized in the decision relevant future. A collaboration of experts at the forefront of research, this book ties conventional thinking on life cycle costs into emerging theory and practice by including environmental and social cost analyses and linking LCC to the environmental and social pillars of sustainability.

Author : Guido Sonnemann,Michael Tsang,Marta Schuhmacher
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 405 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2018-10-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780429792489

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Integrated Life-Cycle and Risk Assessment for Industrial Processes and Products by Guido Sonnemann,Michael Tsang,Marta Schuhmacher Pdf

Life-cycle assessment is a methodology used to evaluate the environmental impacts of a product, process, or service during its life cycle, and risk assessment is a tool to evaluate potential hazards to human health and the environment introduced by pollutant emissions. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals call for, among other objectives, responsible consumption and production by decoupling environmental resource use and environmental impacts from economic growth and human well-being. Life-cycle assessment and risk assessment are both analytical system approaches that allow scientists and other decision makers to address these issues and objectives according to the current understanding of environmental mechanisms. This book is the first attempt to illustrate the existing interfaces between life-cycle assessment and risk assessment and to indicate options for further integration of both tools. The second edition: Focuses on sustainability Considers new developments in life-cycle assessment and environmental risk assessment over the last ten years at the international level Introduces broader concepts and discussions on integrative versus the complementary use of life-cycle and risk assessments Extends the scope of integrated life-cycle and risk assessments to critical raw materials Includes more case studies and discusses engineered nanomaterials Featuring contributions from leading experts, Integrated Life-Cycle and Risk Assessment for Industrial Processes and Products is a great reference for graduate students and professionals in environmental management and intends to catalyze communication between life-cycle assessment and risk assessment experts and scientists in academia, industry, and governmental agencies. The practical format of the book—illustrated with flowcharts, examples, exercises, and concrete applications—makes it a useful manual for analyzing situations and making decisions.