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Epigenetics - Regulation and New Perspectives by Tao Huang Pdf
Epigenetics plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression, particularly in the field of transcriptomics. Dysfunctions in epigenetics have been identified as key factors in the development of cancer and numerous complex diseases. This book presents the most recent advancements in epigenetics omics technologies and their utilization in understanding the mechanisms of cancer and complex diseases. We hope that this book will serve as an enlightening resource, broadening the horizons of our readers and motivating them to explore the potential of integrating multi-omics data for investigating epigenetic regulations in different biomedical scenarios.
Epigenetics in Health and Disease by Igor Kovalchuk,Olga Kovalchuk Pdf
This is the first comprehensive, authoritative, and easy-to-understand introduction to modern epigenetics. Authored by two active researchers in the field, it introduces key concepts one step at a time, enabling students at all levels to benefit from it. The authors begin by presenting a historical overview that places epigenetics in context, and makes it clear that the field is not (as some presume) completely new. Next, they introduce and explain key epigenetic mechanisms, and discuss the roles these mechanisms may play in inheritance, organism development, health and disease, behavior, evolution, ecology, and the interaction of individual organisms with their environments. Coverage includes: non-coding RNAs in each kingdom; allelic interactions; CRYSPR; gene silencing; epigenetics of germline and epigenetic memory; epigenetic regulation of genome stability and plant stress response; and much more. The authors conclude by offering significant new insights into how knowledge of epigenetics and epigenomics may promote the development of technologies and solutions in areas ranging from behavioral neuroscience to cancer treatment, toxicology to the development of hardier crops.
Epigenetic Biomarkers and Diagnostics by José Luis García-Giménez Pdf
Epigenetic Biomarkers and Diagnostics comprises 31 chapters contributed by leading active researchers in basic and clinical epigenetics. The book begins with the basis of epigenetic mechanisms and descriptions of epigenetic biomarkers that can be used in clinical diagnostics and prognostics. It goes on to discuss classical methods and next generation sequencing-based technologies to discover and analyze epigenetic biomarkers. The book concludes with an account of DNA methylation, post-translational modifications and noncoding RNAs as the most promising biomarkers for cancer (i.e. breast, lung, colon, etc.), metabolic disorders (i.e. diabetes and obesity), autoimmune diseases, infertility, allergy, infectious diseases, and neurological disorders. The book describes the challenging aspects of research in epigenetics, and current findings regarding new epigenetic elements and modifiers, providing guidance for researchers interested in the most advanced technologies and tested biomarkers to be used in the clinical diagnosis or prognosis of disease. Focuses on recent progress in several areas of epigenetics, general concepts regarding epigenetics, and the future prospects of this discipline in clinical diagnostics and prognostics Describes the importance of the quality of samples and clinical associated data, and also the ethical issues for epigenetic diagnostics Discusses the advances in epigenomics technologies, including next-generation sequencing based tools and applications Expounds on the utility of epigenetic biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of several diseases, highlighting the study of these biomarkers in cancer, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, infertility, and infectious diseases Includes a special section that discusses the relevance of biobanks in the maintenance of high quality biosamples and clinical-associated data, and the relevance of the ethical aspects in epigenetic studies
Epigenetic Aspects of Chronic Diseases by Helmtrud I. Roach,Felix Bronner,Richard O.C. Oreffo Pdf
Epigenetic Aspects of Chronic Diseases assembles in comprehensive form what is known about the role of epigenetics in chronic disease development. This book provides new insights into treatment, including modulation of epigenetic regulation. Each chapter gives an outline of a respective disease, explains why epigenetics may be involved in the disease process and then presents the evidence of how changes in epigenetic status contribute to initiation and progress of the disease. The final chapters look towards future therapeutic treatment, based on manipulation of epigenetic aspects. Written by widely published experts, Epigenetic Aspects of Chronic Diseases is a valuable reference tool for clinicians and researchers who investigate and treat chronic diseases, as well as health care personnel, post-doctoral fellows and medical or dental students.
Computational Epigenetics and Diseases by Anonim Pdf
Computational Epigenetics and Diseases, written by leading scientists in this evolving field, provides a comprehensive and cutting-edge knowledge of computational epigenetics in human diseases. In particular, the major computational tools, databases, and strategies for computational epigenetics analysis, for example, DNA methylation, histone modifications, microRNA, noncoding RNA, and ceRNA, are summarized, in the context of human diseases. This book discusses bioinformatics methods for epigenetic analysis specifically applied to human conditions such as aging, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, liver and autoimmune disorders, and reproductive and respiratory diseases. Additionally, different organ cancers, such as breast, lung, and colon, are discussed. This book is a valuable source for graduate students and researchers in genetics and bioinformatics, and several biomedical field members interested in applying computational epigenetics in their research. Provides a comprehensive and cutting-edge knowledge of computational epigenetics in human diseases Summarizes the major computational tools, databases, and strategies for computational epigenetics analysis, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, microRNA, noncoding RNA, and ceRNA Covers the major milestones and future directions of computational epigenetics in various kinds of human diseases such as aging, atherosclerosis, diabetes, heart disease, neurological disorders, cancers, blood disorders, liver diseases, reproductive diseases, respiratory diseases, autoimmune diseases, human imprinting disorders, and infectious diseases
This volume provides comprehensive information on how mapping an individual's epigenome can be medically relevant and holds the potential to improve preventive medicine and precision therapeutics at an early-stage (prior to disease onset). In order to advance clinical adoption of the recently developed epigenetic approaches, it is necessary for translational scientists, clinicians, and students to gain a better understanding about epigenetic mechanisms that are associated with a particular disorder; and to be able to effectively identify biomarkers that can be applied in drug development and for better diagnosis and prognosis of diseases. Prognostic Epigenetics is the most-inclusive volume to-date specifically dedicated to epigenetic markers that have been developed for prognosis of diseases, recent advances in this field, the clinical implementation of this research, and the future outlook.
Epigenetic Mechanisms of Gene Regulation by Vincenzo E. A. Russo,Robert A. Martienssen,Arthur D. Riggs Pdf
Many inheritable changes in gene function are not explained by changes in the DNA sequence. Such epigenetic mechanisms are known to influence gene function in most complex organisms and include effects such as transposon function, chromosome imprinting, yeast mating type switching and telomeric silencing. In recent years, epigenetic effects have become a major focus of research activity. This monograph, edited by three well-known biologists from different specialties, is the first to review and synthesize what is known about these effects across all species, particularly from a molecular perspective, and will be of interest to everyone in the fields of molecular biology and genetics.
DNA methylation is the modification of DNA molecule, transferring methy group to the 5th position of the cytosine pyrimidine ring. This biochemical process plays a crucial role in many cellular processes of higher organisms. For example, people have found distinct patterns of DNA methylation during cellular differentiation and tissue development. The differential DNA methylation profiles are often associated with gene expression. In addition, DNA methylation reveals genomic imprinting and affects on chromatin remodeling and cellular homeostasis. Such epigenetic modification has also been proven to be involved in nearly all cancer-related signaling pathways. However, the mechanism and process against how DNA methylation regulates gene expression are still not clear. The study of DNA methylation and its regulation on gene expression provides fundamental and new insights into the genetic heritability. In Chapter 1, Gene duplication event of NAC transcription factor genes in rice and Arabidopsis was analyzed, then it was found that chromosomal segment duplications mainly contributed to the expansion of both species, whereas tandem duplication occurred less frequently in Arabidopsis than rice. Chapter 2 reviews the current literature related to the epigenetics of alcoholism and summarizes our advanced study of global DNA methylation in human post-mortem frontal cortex tissues obtained from adult alcoholics and controls utilizing new microarray technology and bioinformatics approaches. Chapter 3 gives a comprehensive synopsis over the epigenetic modifications involved in the regulation of bacterial gene expression as well as the patho-epigenetic modifications in eukaryotic host tissues triggered in the pathogenesis of particular Gram-negative bacterial infections. Both, basic molecular mechanisms and complex pathogenetic relations are described. Chapter 4 provides an epigenetic repressing mechanism for breast cancer metastasis by recruiting NuRD complex to ESR1 gene through TWIST1. Chapter 5 summarises most of mouse models that have helped us better understand the pathogenesis mechanism during the development of colitis. In Chapter 6, the authors review the various forms of presentation of celiac disease including the lymphocytic enteritis, along with their systemic manifestations. Chapter 7 provides an insight to inflammatory response in light of DNA regulation and methylation of key players. Because chronic inflammatory diseases do share common features, recent progress in our understanding of renal fibrosis and inflammation in chronic kidney disease will be discussed as an example of epigenetic regulation in inflammatory diseases. Chapter 8 summarizes the regulation of gene expression in pterygium. Pterygium is an ocular surface disease and its pathogenesis is currently unknown. Here, the genetic and epigenetic changes in the disease are explored. Chapter 9 summaries the basics and applications of recently proposed MiRaGE method that infer miRNA-mediated regulation of target genes and miRNA-targeting-specific promoter methylation. The applications to differentiation, cell senescence, and miRNA transfection to lung cancer celll lines are discussed. Chapter 10 proposes the role of AP-1 chromatin modulator Jun dimerization protein 2 (JDP2) on antioxidant response and inhibition of ROS production via Nrf2-ARE signaling, as well as the induction of replicative senescence. Chapter 11 compares expression profiles of mRNAs, microRNAs and proteins of human embryonic stem cells hES-T3 grown on different feeders and conditioned media. Chapter 12 reviews the most recent molecular markers of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and shows some innovative perspectives on this topic from the point of view of gene therapy. In addition, non-viral gene therapy based on the non-toxic C-terminal fragment of the tetanus toxin (TTC) will also be discussed.
Epigenetics by C. David Allis,Thomas Jenuwein,Danny Reinberg,Marie-Laure Caparros Pdf
The regulation of gene expression in many biological processes involves epigenetic mechanisms. In this new volume, 24 chapters written by experts in the field discuss epigenetic effects from many perspectives. There are chapters on the basic molecular mechanisms underpinning epigenetic regulation, discussion of cellular processes that rely on this kind of regulation, and surveys of organisms in which it has been most studied. Thus, there are chapters on histone and DNA methylation, siRNAs and gene silencing; X-chromosome inactivation, dosage compensation and imprinting; and discussion of epigenetics in microbes, plants, insects, and mammals. The last part of the book looks at how epigenetic mechanisms act in cell division and differentiation, and how errors in these pathways contribute to cancer and other human diseases. Also discussed are consequences of epigenetics in attempts to clone animals. This book is a major resource for those working in the field, as well as being a suitable text for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses on gene regulation.
Epigenetics: Development and Disease by Tapas Kumar Kundu Pdf
Epigenetics fine-tunes the life processes dictated by DNA sequences, but also kick-starts pathophysiological processes including diabetes, AIDS and cancer. This volume tracks the latest research on epigenetics, including work on new-generation therapeutics.
Epigenetic Principles of Evolution by Nelson R. Cabej Pdf
This is the first and only book, so far, to deal with the causal basis of evolution from an epigenetic view. By revealing the epigenetic "user" of the "genetic toolkit", this book demonstrates the primacy of epigenetic mechanisms and epigenetic information in generating evolutionary novelties. The author convincingly supports his theory with a host of examples from the most varied fields of biology, by emphasizing changes in developmental pathways as the basic source of evolutionary change in metazoans. Original and thought provoking--a radically new theory that overcomes the present difficulties of the theory of evolution Is the first and only theory that uses epigenetic mechanisms and principles for explaining evolution of metazoans Takes an integrative approach and shows a wide range of learning
Epigenetic Technological Applications by Yujun George Zheng Pdf
Epigenetic Technological Applications is a compilation of state-of-the-art technologies involved in epigenetic research. Epigenetics is an exciting new field of biology research, and many technologies are invented and developed specifically for epigenetics study. With chapters covering the latest developments in crystallography, computational modeling, the uses of histones, and more, Epigenetic Technological Applications addresses the question of how these new ideas, procedures, and innovations can be applied to current epigenetics research, and how they can keep pushing discovery forward and beyond the epigenetic realm. Discusses technologies that are critical for epigenetic research and application Includes epigenetic applications for state-of-the-art technologies Contains a global perspective on the future of epigenetics
Epigenetics in Human Disease by Trygve O. Tollefsbol Pdf
Epigenetics is one of the fastest growing fields of sciences, illuminating studies of human diseases by looking beyond genetic make-up and acknowledging that outside factors play a role in gene expression. The goal of this volume is to highlight those diseases or conditions for which we have advanced knowledge of epigenetic factors such as cancer, autoimmune disorders and aging as well as those that are yielding exciting breakthroughs in epigenetics such as diabetes, neurobiological disorders and cardiovascular disease. Where applicable, attempts are made to not only detail the role of epigenetics in the etiology, progression, diagnosis and prognosis of these diseases, but also novel epigenetic approaches to the treatment of these diseases. Chapters are also presented on human imprinting disorders, respiratory diseases, infectious diseases and gynecological and reproductive diseases. Since epigenetics plays a major role in the aging process, advances in the epigenetics of aging are highly relevant to many age-related human diseases. Therefore, this volume closes with chapters on aging epigenetics and breakthroughs that have been made to delay the aging process through epigenetic approaches. With its translational focus, this book will serve as valuable reference for both basic scientists and clinicians alike. Comprehensive coverage of fundamental and emergent science and clinical usage Side-by-side coverage of the basis of epigenetic diseases and their treatments Evaluation of recent epigenetic clinical breakthroughs
Epigenetic Gene Expression and Regulation by Suming Huang,Michael D Litt,C. Ann Blakey Pdf
Epigenetic Gene Expression and Regulation reviews current knowledge on the heritable molecular mechanisms that regulate gene expression, contribute to disease susceptibility, and point to potential treatment in future therapies. The book shows how these heritable mechanisms allow individual cells to establish stable and unique patterns of gene expression that can be passed through cell divisions without DNA mutations, thereby establishing how different heritable patterns of gene regulation control cell differentiation and organogenesis, resulting in a distinct human organism with a variety of differing cellular functions and tissues. The work begins with basic biology, encompasses methods, cellular and tissue organization, topical issues in epigenetic evolution and environmental epigenesis, and lastly clinical disease discovery and treatment. Each highly illustrated chapter is organized to briefly summarize current research, provide appropriate pedagogical guidance, pertinent methods, relevant model organisms, and clinical examples. Reviews current knowledge on the heritable molecular mechanisms that regulate gene expression, contribute to disease susceptibility, and point to potential treatment in future therapies Helps readers understand how epigenetic marks are targeted, and to what extent transgenerational epigenetic changes are instilled and possibly passed onto offspring Chapters are replete with clinical examples to empower the basic biology with translational significance Offers more than 100 illustrations to distill key concepts and decipher complex science
