Epistemology And Skepticism

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Formal Epistemology and Cartesian Skepticism

Tomoji Shogenji
Formal Epistemology and Cartesian Skepticism Book PDF

Author : Tomoji Shogenji
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2017-11-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351336550

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Formal Epistemology and Cartesian Skepticism by Tomoji Shogenji Pdf

This book develops new techniques in formal epistemology and applies them to the challenge of Cartesian skepticism. It introduces two formats of epistemic evaluation that should be of interest to epistemologists and philosophers of science: the dual-component format, which evaluates a statement on the basis of its safety and informativeness, and the relative-divergence format, which evaluates a probabilistic model on the basis of its complexity and goodness of fit with data. Tomoji Shogenji shows that the former lends support to Cartesian skepticism, but the latter allows us to defeat Cartesian skepticism. Along the way, Shogenji addresses a number of related issues in epistemology and philosophy of science, including epistemic circularity, epistemic closure, and inductive skepticism.

Skepticism and the Definition of Knowledge

Gilbert Harman
Skepticism and the Definition of Knowledge Book PDF

Author : Gilbert Harman
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2015-06-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317436904

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Skepticism and the Definition of Knowledge by Gilbert Harman Pdf

Originally published in 1990. This study argues that scepticism is an intelligible view and that the issue scepticism raises is whether or not certain sceptical hypotheses are as plausible as the ordinary views we accept. It discusses psychological concepts, definitions of knowledge, belief and hypothetic inference (inference to the best explanation). Starting from ‘Is skepticism a problem for epistemology’, the book takes us through the argument for the possibility of scepticism, including looking at sense data and considering memory and perception.

Knowledge and Skepticism

Joseph Keim Campbell,Michael O'Rourke,Harry S. Silverstein
Knowledge and Skepticism Book PDF

Author : Joseph Keim Campbell,Michael O'Rourke,Harry S. Silverstein
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 383 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2010-05-21
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780262014083

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Knowledge and Skepticism by Joseph Keim Campbell,Michael O'Rourke,Harry S. Silverstein Pdf

New essays by leading philosophers explore topics in epistemology, offering both contemporary philosophical analysis and historical perspectives. There are two main questions in epistemology: What is knowledge? And: Do we have any of it? The first question asks after the nature of a concept; the second involves grappling with the skeptic, who believes that no one knows anything. This collection of original essays addresses the themes of knowledge and skepticism, offering both contemporary epistemological analysis and historical perspectives from leading philosophers and rising scholars. Contributors first consider knowledge: the intrinsic nature of knowledge—in particular, aspects of what distinguishes knowledge from true belief; the extrinsic examination of knowledge, focusing on contextualist accounts; and types of knowledge, specifically perceptual, introspective, and rational knowledge. The final chapters offer various perspectives on skepticism. Knowledge and Skepticism provides an eclectic yet coherent set of essays by distinguished scholars and important new voices. The cutting-edge nature of its contributions and its interdisciplinary character make it a valuable resource for a wide audience—for philosophers of language as well as for epistemologists, and for psychologists, decision theorists, historians, and students at both the advanced undergraduate and graduate levels. Contributors Kent Bach, Joseph Keim Campbell, Joseph Cruz, Fred Dretske, Catherine Z. Elgin, Peter S. Fosl, Peter J. Graham, David Hemp, Michael O'Rourke, George Pappas, John L. Pollock, Duncan Pritchard, Joseph Salerno, Robert J. Stainton, Harry S. Silverstein, Joseph Thomas Tolliver, Leora Weitzman

Introduction to Philosophy

Guy Axtell
Introduction to Philosophy Book PDF

Author : Guy Axtell
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2022-01-26
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1989014267

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Introduction to Philosophy by Guy Axtell Pdf

Introduction to Philosophy: Epistemology engages first-time philosophy readers on a guided tour through the core concepts, questions, methods, arguments, and theories of epistemology-the branch of philosophy devoted to the study of knowledge. After a brief overview of the field, the book progresses systematically while placing central ideas and thinkers in historical and contemporary context. The chapters cover the analysis of knowledge, the nature of epistemic justification, rationalism vs. empiricism, skepticism, the value of knowledge, the ethics of belief, Bayesian epistemology, social epistemology, and feminist epistemologies. Along the way, instructors and students will encounter a wealth of additional resources and tools: Chapter learning outcomes Key terms Images of philosophers and related art Useful diagrams and tables Boxes containing excerpts and other supplementary material Questions for reflection Suggestions for further reading A glossary For an undergraduate survey epistemology course, Introduction to Philosophy: Epistemology is ideal when used as a main text paired with primary sources and scholarly articles. For an introductory philosophy course, select book chapters are best used in combination with chapters from other books in the Introduction to Philosophy series: https: //www1.rebus.community/#/project/4ec7ecce-d2b3-4f20-973c-6b6502e7cbb2.

Unnatural Doubts

Michael Williams
Unnatural Doubts Book PDF

Author : Michael Williams
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1996-01-11
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 069101115X

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Unnatural Doubts by Michael Williams Pdf

In Unnatural Doubts, Michael Williams constructs a masterly polemic against the very idea of epistemology, as traditionally conceived. Although philosophers have often found problems in efforts to study the nature and limits of human knowledge, Williams provides the first book that systematically argues against there being such a thing as knowledge of the external world. He maintains that knowledge of the world consitutes a theoretically coherent kind of knowledge, whose possibility needs to be defended, only given a deeply problematic doctrine he calls "epistemological realism." The only alternative to epistemological realism is a thoroughgoing contextualism.

Skepticism, Justification, and Explanation

E. Cornman
Skepticism Justification and Explanation Book PDF

Author : E. Cornman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 367 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789400989580

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Skepticism, Justification, and Explanation by E. Cornman Pdf

This book is a manuscript that was virtually complete when James W. Cornman died. Most of the chapters were in final form, and all but the last had been revised by the author. The last chapter was in handwritten form, and the concluding remarks were not finished. Swain took charge of the proofreading and John L. Thomas compiled the indices with the assistance of Lehrer. It is our opinion that this manuscript, like the other books Cornman published, is one of exceptional scholarly and philo sophical importance. As do all of his philosophical publications, this work reflects Cornman's great love for philosophy and his commitment to the search for truth. Every serious student and author of epistemology will benefit from and admire the thorough scholarship and rigorous argumentation they will find herein. It has been our privilege to partici pate in the preparation of the manuscript for the philosophical public. KEITH LEHRER MARSHALL SWAIN IX INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION TO EPISTEMOLOGICAL SKEPTICISM Many philosophers try to refute skepticism, but few try to give a precise characterization of the thesis they attack. My first aim, consequently, is to characterize skepticism, or, more precisely, several species of skepticism. Then I shall choose those species I wish to consider and justify my choice. To begin, let me distinguish what I shall call "epistemological skepticism" from the thesis I shall call "ontological nihilism" and from what is believed by someone whom I shall call an "ontological skeptic".

Skepticism

Annalisa Coliva,Duncan Pritchard
Skepticism Book PDF

Author : Annalisa Coliva,Duncan Pritchard
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 131 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2022-02-09
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780429603617

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Skepticism by Annalisa Coliva,Duncan Pritchard Pdf

Skepticism is one of the perennial problems of philosophy: from antiquity, to the early modern period of Descartes and Hume, and right through to the present day. It remains a fundamental and widely studied topic and, as Annalisa Coliva and Duncan Pritchard show in Skepticism, it presents us with a paradox with important ramifications not only for epistemology but also for many other core areas of philosophy. This book provides a thorough grounding in contemporary debates about skepticism, exploring the following key topics: the core skeptical arguments, with a particular focus on Cartesian and Humean radical skepticism the epistemic principles that are held to underlie skeptical arguments, such as the Closure and Underdetermination principles the content externalism of Putnam, Davidson, and Chalmers, and how it might help us respond to radical skepticism the epistemic externalism/internalism distinction and how it relates to the skeptical problematic contextualism in epistemology and its anti-skeptical import the various interpretations of a Wittgensteinian hinge epistemology the viability of epistemological disjunctivism, including whether it can be combined with hinge epistemology as part of a dual response to radical skepticism liberal and conservative responses to the Humean skeptical paradox. Both authors are prominent figures who work on skepticism, and so one novelty of the book is that it provides an insight into their own contrasting responses to this philosophical difficulty. With the addition of annotated further reading and a glossary, this is an ideal starting point for anyone studying the philosophy of skepticism, along with students of epistemology, metaphysics, and contemporary analytic philosophy.

Skepticism and the Veil of Perception

Michael Huemer
Skepticism and the Veil of Perception Book PDF

Author : Michael Huemer
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0742512533

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Skepticism and the Veil of Perception by Michael Huemer Pdf

In opposition to both skeptics and representationalists, Huemer (philosophy, U. of Colorado, Boulder) presents a theory of perceptual awareness, according to which perception gives us direct awareness of real objects and non-inferential knowledge of the properties of these objects. He responds to the major arguments for skepticism, including the infinite regress argument, the problem of the criterion, the brain in the vat, and the impossibility of verification. c. Book News Inc.

Epistemic Angst

Duncan Pritchard
Epistemic Angst Book PDF

Author : Duncan Pritchard
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2015-12-22
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781400873913

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Epistemic Angst by Duncan Pritchard Pdf

Epistemic Angst offers a completely new solution to the ancient philosophical problem of radical skepticism—the challenge of explaining how it is possible to have knowledge of a world external to us. Duncan Pritchard argues that the key to resolving this puzzle is to realize that it is composed of two logically distinct problems, each requiring its own solution. He then puts forward solutions to both problems. To that end, he offers a new reading of Wittgenstein's account of the structure of rational evaluation and demonstrates how this provides an elegant solution to one aspect of the skeptical problem. Pritchard also revisits the epistemological disjunctivist proposal that he developed in previous work and shows how it can effectively handle the other aspect of the problem. Finally, he argues that these two antiskeptical positions, while superficially in tension with each other, are not only compatible but also mutually supporting. The result is a comprehensive and distinctive resolution to the problem of radical skepticism, one that challenges many assumptions in contemporary epistemology.

Metaepistemology and Skepticism

Richard A. Fumerton
Metaepistemology and Skepticism Book PDF

Author : Richard A. Fumerton
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1995-11-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461639275

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Metaepistemology and Skepticism by Richard A. Fumerton Pdf

In this excellent treatment of the internalism-externalism debate in contemporary epistemology, Richard Fumerton explores its implications for traditional skeptical concerns. When one fully understands these implications, Fumerton argues, one will see philosophical usefulness of a foundationalism relying on acquaintance. Contending that the externalist response to skepticism is too quick and easy, Fumerton defends a version of internalism, but in doing so puts into stark relief the radically different alternatives for dealing with skepticism that our metaepistemological views force upon us.

The Appearance of Ignorance

Keith DeRose
The Appearance of Ignorance Book PDF

Author : Keith DeRose
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2018-01-12
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192535917

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The Appearance of Ignorance by Keith DeRose Pdf

Contextualism, the view that the epistemic standards a subject must meet in order for a claim attributing "knowledge" to her to be true do vary with context, has been hotly debated in epistemology and philosophy of language during the last few decades. This volume presents, develops, and defends contextualist solutions to two of the stickiest problems in epistemology: the puzzles of skeptical hypotheses and of lotteries. It is argued that, at least by ordinary standards for knowledge, we do know that skeptical hypotheses are false, and that we've lost the lottery. Why it seems that we don't know that they're false tells us a lot, both about what knowledge is and how knowledge attributions work. The Appearance of Ignorance is the companion volume to Keith DeRose's 2009 title The Case for Contextualism: Knowledge, Skepticism, and Context, Volume 1.

Contemporary Skepticism: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide

Oxford University Press
Contemporary Skepticism Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide Book PDF

Author : Oxford University Press
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 22 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2010-06-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199809103

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Contemporary Skepticism: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide by Oxford University Press Pdf

This ebook is a selective guide designed to help scholars and students of social work find reliable sources of information by directing them to the best available scholarly materials in whatever form or format they appear from books, chapters, and journal articles to online archives, electronic data sets, and blogs. Written by a leading international authority on the subject, the ebook provides bibliographic information supported by direct recommendations about which sources to consult and editorial commentary to make it clear how the cited sources are interrelated related. This ebook is a static version of an article from Oxford Bibliographies Online: Philosophy, a dynamic, continuously updated, online resource designed to provide authoritative guidance through scholarship and other materials relevant to the study Philosophy. Oxford Bibliographies Online covers most subject disciplines within the social science and humanities, for more information visit www.oxfordbibligraphies.com.

Hume's Radical Scepticism and the Fate of Naturalized Epistemology

K. Meeker
Hume s Radical Scepticism and the Fate of Naturalized Epistemology Book PDF

Author : K. Meeker
Publisher : Springer
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2013-05-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781137025555

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Hume's Radical Scepticism and the Fate of Naturalized Epistemology by K. Meeker Pdf

Treating David Hume as a partner in a continuing philosophical dialogue, this book tries to come to terms with Hume's influential thoughts on scepticism and naturalism in a way that sheds light on contemporary philosophy and its relationship to science.

Metaepistemology and Skepticism

Richard A. Fumerton
Metaepistemology and Skepticism Book PDF

Author : Richard A. Fumerton
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0847681076

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Metaepistemology and Skepticism by Richard A. Fumerton Pdf

In this excellent treatment of the internalism-externalism debate in contemporary epistemology, Richard Fumerton explores its implications for traditional skeptical concerns. When one fully understands these implications, Fumerton argues, one will see philosophical usefulness of a foundationalism relying on acquaintance. Contending that the externalist response to skepticism is too quick and easy, Fumerton defends a version of internalism, but in doing so puts into stark relief the radically different alternatives for dealing with skepticism that our metaepistemological views force upon us.

Scepticism and the Foundation of Epistemology

Luciano Floridi
Scepticism and the Foundation of Epistemology Book PDF

Author : Luciano Floridi
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 1996-07-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004247246

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Scepticism and the Foundation of Epistemology by Luciano Floridi Pdf

The sceptical challenge known as the problem of the criterion is one of the major issues in the history of epistemology. This volume provides its first comprehensive study, in a span of time that goes from Sextus Empiricus to Quine.