Equitable Access To High Cost Pharmaceuticals

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Equitable Access to High-Cost Pharmaceuticals

Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar
Equitable Access to High Cost Pharmaceuticals Book PDF

Author : Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2018-02-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780128119624

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Equitable Access to High-Cost Pharmaceuticals by Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar Pdf

Equitable Access to High-Cost Pharmaceuticals seeks to aid the development and implementation of equitable public health policies by pharmaco-economics professionals, health economists, and policymakers. With detailed country-by country analysis of policy and regulation, the Work compares and contrasts national healthcare systems to support researchers and practitioners identify optimal healthcare policy solutions. The Work incorporates chapters on global regulatory changes, health technology assessment guidelines, and competitive effectiveness research recommendations from international bodies such as the OECD or the EU. Novel policies such as horizon scanning, managed-entry agreement and post-launch monitoring are considered in detail. The Work also thoroughly reviews novel pharmaceuticals with particular research interest, including cancer drugs, orphan medicines, Hep C, and personalized medicines. Evaluates impact and efficacy of current access policies and pricing regulation of high-cost drugs Incorporates existing guidelines and recommendations by international organizations Compares and contrasts how different countries fund and police high-cost drug access Explores novel and emergent policies, including managed entry agreement, analysis of real world data and differential pricing Reviews novel pharmaceuticals of current research interest

Making Medicines Affordable

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on Ensuring Patient Access to Affordable Drug Therapies
Making Medicines Affordable Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on Ensuring Patient Access to Affordable Drug Therapies
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 235 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2018-03-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309468084

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Making Medicines Affordable by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on Ensuring Patient Access to Affordable Drug Therapies Pdf

Thanks to remarkable advances in modern health care attributable to science, engineering, and medicine, it is now possible to cure or manage illnesses that were long deemed untreatable. At the same time, however, the United States is facing the vexing challenge of a seemingly uncontrolled rise in the cost of health care. Total medical expenditures are rapidly approaching 20 percent of the gross domestic product and are crowding out other priorities of national importance. The use of increasingly expensive prescription drugs is a significant part of this problem, making the cost of biopharmaceuticals a serious national concern with broad political implications. Especially with the highly visible and very large price increases for prescription drugs that have occurred in recent years, finding a way to make prescription medicinesâ€"and health care at largeâ€"more affordable for everyone has become a socioeconomic imperative. Affordability is a complex function of factors, including not just the prices of the drugs themselves, but also the details of an individual's insurance coverage and the number of medical conditions that an individual or family confronts. Therefore, any solution to the affordability issue will require considering all of these factors together. The current high and increasing costs of prescription drugsâ€"coupled with the broader trends in overall health care costsâ€"is unsustainable to society as a whole. Making Medicines Affordable examines patient access to affordable and effective therapies, with emphasis on drug pricing, inflation in the cost of drugs, and insurance design. This report explores structural and policy factors influencing drug pricing, drug access programs, the emerging role of comparative effectiveness assessments in payment policies, changing finances of medical practice with regard to drug costs and reimbursement, and measures to prevent drug shortages and foster continued innovation in drug development. It makes recommendations for policy actions that could address drug price trends, improve patient access to affordable and effective treatments, and encourage innovations that address significant needs in health care.

WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies

Anonim
WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 70 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2020-09-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789240011878

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WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies by Anonim Pdf

In recent years, high prices of pharmaceutical products have posed challenges in high- and low-income countries alike. In many instances, high prices of pharmaceutical products have led to significant financial hardship for individuals and negatively impacted on healthcare systems' ability to provide population-wide access to essential medicines. Pharmaceutical pricing policies need to be carefully planned, carried out, and regularly checked and revised according to changing conditions. Strong, well-thought-out policies can guide well-informed and balanced decisions to achieve affordable access to essential health products. This guideline replaces the 2015 WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies, revised to reflect the growing body of literature since the last evidence review in 2010. This update also recognizes country experiences in managing the prices of pharmaceutical products.

The Role of NIH in Drug Development Innovation and Its Impact on Patient Access

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Board on Health Care Services
The Role of NIH in Drug Development Innovation and Its Impact on Patient Access Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Board on Health Care Services
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 103 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2020-01-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309498517

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The Role of NIH in Drug Development Innovation and Its Impact on Patient Access by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Board on Health Care Services Pdf

To explore the role of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in innovative drug development and its impact on patient access, the Board on Health Care Services and the Board on Health Sciences Policy of the National Academies jointly hosted a public workshop on July 24â€"25, 2019, in Washington, DC. Workshop speakers and participants discussed the ways in which federal investments in biomedical research are translated into innovative therapies and considered approaches to ensure that the public has affordable access to the resulting new drugs. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Access to Medicine in the Global Economy

Cynthia Ho
Access to Medicine in the Global Economy Book PDF

Author : Cynthia Ho
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 429 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2011-04-21
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780195390124

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Access to Medicine in the Global Economy by Cynthia Ho Pdf

The issue of how patents impact medicine has increased in significance within the last decade.The book provides an explanation of the current international infrastructure and explains how competing patent perspectives play a thus far unacknowledged role in promoting distortion and confusion.

Cancer and Society

Eric H. Bernicker
Cancer and Society Book PDF

Author : Eric H. Bernicker
Publisher : Springer
Page : 178 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2019-03-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030058555

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Cancer and Society by Eric H. Bernicker Pdf

While a number of books have looked at the intersection between human health in general and other topics, such as climate change or diet, this book focuses specifically on cancer as it impacts and is impacted by social justice issues. The massive explosion of research knowledge of cancer immunology and genomics is holding out great promise of therapeutic advances, yet other human actions—climate change, pollution, business decisions, advertising – are fostering health inequalities as well as increasing risks. Those involved in cancer care and research are in a unique position to let their experiences and knowledge inform the public, yet very often have not taken strong public roles when it comes to discussing issues surrounding tobacco, climate change and health risks, financial toxicity of treatments, and diet choices. Written by a multidisciplinary team of authors and for medical oncologists, cancer researchers, occupational health workers, and related medical students, residents, and fellows, this book encourages oncologists to address public health care and the societal issues associated with cancer risk. This volume discusses the overarching theme of environmental justice and oncology, focuses on business and cancer (such as clinical trials, drug development and profits, and global disparities), as well as animals and cancer.

Promoting Access to Medical Technologies and Innovation - Intersections between Public Health, Intellectual Property and Trade

World Intellectual Property Organization
Promoting Access to Medical Technologies and Innovation Intersections between Public Health Intellectual Property and Trade Book PDF

Author : World Intellectual Property Organization
Publisher : WIPO
Page : 259 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789280523089

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Promoting Access to Medical Technologies and Innovation - Intersections between Public Health, Intellectual Property and Trade by World Intellectual Property Organization Pdf

This study has emerged from an ongoing program of trilateral cooperation between WHO, WTO and WIPO. It responds to an increasing demand, particularly in developing countries, for strengthened capacity for informed policy-making in areas of intersection between health, trade and IP, focusing on access to and innovation of medicines and other medical technologies.

The Politics of Intellectual Property Rights and Access to Medicines

Valbona Muzaka
The Politics of Intellectual Property Rights and Access to Medicines Book PDF

Author : Valbona Muzaka
Publisher : Springer
Page : 181 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2011-02-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780230306158

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The Politics of Intellectual Property Rights and Access to Medicines by Valbona Muzaka Pdf

This book shows why contests over intellectual property rights and access to affordable medicines emerged in the 1990s and how they have been 'resolved' so far. It argues that the current arrangement mainly ensures wealth for some rather than health for all, and points to broader concerns related to governing intellectual property solely as capital

Price Setting and Price Regulation in Health Care

OECD,World Health Organization,Barber Sarah L,Lorenzoni Luca,Ong Paul
Price Setting and Price Regulation in Health Care Book PDF

Author : OECD,World Health Organization,Barber Sarah L,Lorenzoni Luca,Ong Paul
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2019-06-26
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264508866

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Price Setting and Price Regulation in Health Care by OECD,World Health Organization,Barber Sarah L,Lorenzoni Luca,Ong Paul Pdf

The objectives of this study are to describe experiences in price setting and how pricing has been used to attain better coverage, quality, financial protection, and health outcomes. It builds on newly commissioned case studies and lessons learned in calculating prices, negotiating with providers, and monitoring changes. Recognising that no single model is applicable to all settings, the study aimed to generate best practices and identify areas for future research, particularly in low- and middle-income settings. The report and the case studies were jointly developed by the OECD and the WHO Centre for Health Development in Kobe (Japan).

Health-Care Utilization as a Proxy in Disability Determination

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on Health Care Utilization and Adults with Disabilities
Health Care Utilization as a Proxy in Disability Determination Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on Health Care Utilization and Adults with Disabilities
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 161 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2018-04-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309469210

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Health-Care Utilization as a Proxy in Disability Determination by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on Health Care Utilization and Adults with Disabilities Pdf

The Social Security Administration (SSA) administers two programs that provide benefits based on disability: the Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program and the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. This report analyzes health care utilizations as they relate to impairment severity and SSA's definition of disability. Health Care Utilization as a Proxy in Disability Determination identifies types of utilizations that might be good proxies for "listing-level" severity; that is, what represents an impairment, or combination of impairments, that are severe enough to prevent a person from doing any gainful activity, regardless of age, education, or work experience.

Handbook on Poverty + Inequality

Jonathan Haughton,Shahidur R. Khandker
Handbook on Poverty Inequality Book PDF

Author : Jonathan Haughton,Shahidur R. Khandker
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 442 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2009-03-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821376144

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Handbook on Poverty + Inequality by Jonathan Haughton,Shahidur R. Khandker Pdf

For anyone wanting to learn, in practical terms, how to measure, describe, monitor, evaluate, and analyze poverty, this Handbook is the place to start. It is designed to be accessible to people with a university-level background in science or the social sciences. It is an invaluable tool for policy analysts, researchers, college students, and government officials working on policy issues related to poverty and inequality.

Health System Efficiency

Jonathan Cylus,Irene Papanicolas,Peter C. Smith
Health System Efficiency Book PDF

Author : Jonathan Cylus,Irene Papanicolas,Peter C. Smith
Publisher : Health Policy
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2016-12-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9289050411

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Health System Efficiency by Jonathan Cylus,Irene Papanicolas,Peter C. Smith Pdf

In this book the authors explore the state of the art on efficiency measurement in health systems and international experts offer insights into the pitfalls and potential associated with various measurement techniques. The authors show that: - The core idea of efficiency is easy to understand in principle - maximizing valued outputs relative to inputs, but is often difficult to make operational in real-life situations - There have been numerous advances in data collection and availability, as well as innovative methodological approaches that give valuable insights into how efficiently health care is delivered - Our simple analytical framework can facilitate the development and interpretation of efficiency indicators.

Vaccines, Medicines and COVID-19

Germán Velásquez
Vaccines Medicines and COVID 19 Book PDF

Author : Germán Velásquez
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 129 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2022-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030891251

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Vaccines, Medicines and COVID-19 by Germán Velásquez Pdf

This open access book is a collection of research papers on COVID-19 by Germán Velásquez from 2020 and early 2021 that help to answer the question: How can an agency like the World Health Organization (WHO) be given a stronger voice to exercise authority and leadership? The considerable health, economic and social challenges that the world faced at the beginning of 2020 with COVID-19 continued and worsened in many parts of the world in the second-half of 2020 and into 2021. Many of these countries and nations wanted to explore COVID-19 on their own, sometimes without listening to the main international health bodies such as WHO, an agency of the United Nations system with long-standing experience and vast knowledge at the global level and of which all countries in the world are members. In this single volume, the chapters present the progress of thinking and debate — particularly in relation to drugs and vaccines — that would enable a response to the COVID-19 pandemic or to subsequent crises that may arise. Among the topics covered: COVID-19 Vaccines: Between Ethics, Health and Economics Medicines and Intellectual Property: 10 Years of the WHO Global Strategy Re-thinking Global and Local Manufacturing of Medical Products After COVID-19 Rethinking R&D for Pharmaceutical Products After the Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 Shock Intellectual Property and Access to Medicines and Vaccines The World Health Organization Reforms in the Time of COVID-19 Vaccines, Medicines and COVID-19: How Can WHO Be Given a Stronger Voice? is essential reading for negotiators from the 194 member countries of the World Health Organization (WHO); World Trade Organization (WTO) and World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) staff participating in these negotiations; academics and students of public health, medicine, health sciences, law, sociology and political science; and intergovernmental organizations and non-governmental organizations that follow the issue of access to treatments and vaccines for COVID-19.

Communities in Action

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States
Communities in Action Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 583 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2017-04-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309452960

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Communities in Action by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States Pdf

In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Encyclopedia of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy

Anonim
Encyclopedia of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 2370 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2019-06-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128127360

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Encyclopedia of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy by Anonim Pdf

Encyclopedia of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy, Three Volume Set covers definitions, concepts, methods, theories and applications of clinical pharmacy and pharmacy practice. It highlights why and how this field has a significant impact on healthcare. The work brings baseline knowledge, along with the latest, most cutting-edge research. In addition, new treatments, algorithms, standard treatment guidelines, and pharmacotherapies regarding diseases and disorders are also covered. The book's main focus lies on the pharmacy practice side, covering pharmacy practice research, pharmacovigilance, pharmacoeconomics, social and administrative pharmacy, public health pharmacy, pharmaceutical systems research, the future of pharmacy, and new interventional models of pharmaceutical care. By providing concise expositions on a broad range of topics, this book is an excellent resource for those seeking information beyond their specific areas of expertise. This outstanding reference is essential for anyone involved in the study of pharmacy practice. Provides a ‘one-stop’ resource for access to information written by world-leading scholars in the field Meticulously organized, with articles split into three clear sections, it is the ideal resource for students, researchers and professionals to find relevant information Contains concise and accessible chapters that are ideal as an authoritative introduction for non-specialists and readers from the undergraduate level upwards Includes multimedia options, such as hyperlinked references and further readings, cross-references and videos