Eu Policy Making On Gmos

Author : Mihalis Kritikos
Publisher : Springer
Page : 341 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2017-11-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781137314468

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EU Policy-Making on GMOs by Mihalis Kritikos Pdf

This book examines the development and implementation of the EU’s legislative framework on the commercial release of GMO products as a case study of social regulation operating within a predominantly technical framework. The analysis and findings are based on an extensive documentary analysis and interviews with regulators, risk assessors, public interest groups and biotechnology experts at the national and European levels. It argues that in the case of the EU biotechnology framework, the particular institutional settings created for the formulation and interpretation of its provisions have been of decisive importance in elaborating a proceduralised ‘science-based’ prior authorization scheme as the preferred framework for granting commercial permits. This interdisciplinary work will appeal to EU lawyers, decision-makers and risk managers as well as academics working in the fields of EU studies, politics, law, risk governance sociology of science/risk and technology assessment. The book is based on a PhD thesis that was awarded with the 2008 UACES Prize for the Best Thesis in European Studies in Europe and with the EPEES 1st Prize for the Best Thesis written by a Greek Researcher between 2004 and 2008.

Author : Maria Lee
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2009-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781848443969

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EU Regulation of GMOs by Maria Lee Pdf

Lee s book is a valuable addition to the literature for those wishing to broaden their understanding of the range of legal disciplines involved in GMO regulation. Tracey Epps, European Review of Agricultural Economics Maria Lee s work is a successful attempt to illustrate the big legal issues behind the regulation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). This study, which is thorough and well documented, is particularly welcomed in view of the need for a dialogue between different legal specialisms for which GMOs are a relevant area of research. . . [The] book provides a very interesting and insightful examination of the legal problems raised by GMOs. I would warmly recommend its reading to academics and practitioners who are interested in European risk regulation law, environmental law, biotechnology and trade law. Sara Poli, European Law Review Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are an extraordinary innovation. They raise great expectations of economic prosperity and improved capacity to address pressing problems of poverty and environmental degradation, whilst simultaneously raising great concerns about the type of social and physical world they promise. Finding space in regulation to consider the full range of issues provoked by GMOs is a huge challenge. This book explores the EU s elaborate regulatory framework for GMOs, which extends far beyond the process of their authorisation (or not) for the EU market, embracing disparate legal disciplines including intellectual property, consumer protection and civil liability. The regulation of GMOs also highlights questions of EU legitimacy in a context of multi-level governance, both internally towards national and local government, and externally in a world where technologies and their regulation have global impacts. This book will be of interest to academics and students in both law and social sciences, as well as practising lawyers and policy makers. It addresses questions that are significant for those involved in environmental or food issues, as well as specialists in GMOs.

Author : Naveen Thayyil
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2014-03-28
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781783473885

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Biotechnology Regulation and GMOs by Naveen Thayyil Pdf

This thoughtful book explores how EU law treats serious disagreements about the development and use of a radically new technology like genetic modification. Relevant EU laws are examined to analyse the room available, or possible, for public participat

Author : Marie Kreipe
Publisher : Diplomica Verlag
Page : 97 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783842850132

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Genetically Modified Food by Marie Kreipe Pdf

The controversial issue of genetically modified (GM) food is discussed in this book. While the United States (US) is a strong supporter of GM technology having adopted a rather lax regulation of trade with GM products, the European Union (EU) is representing a sceptical position towards this new technology and has even imposed a de facto moratorium on further approval of GM products from 1998 to 2004. The purpose of this book is an extensive analysis of the current status on risks and benefits of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and a suggestion on how an appropriate regulation of GM products could be derived. Potential guidelines are provided for policy formulation both in a qualitative and in a quantitative dimension. The US is applying the principle of substantial equivalence, which means that GM products are in their substance identical to products produced by conventional methods. Therefore, no new regulations are necessary for the trade with GM products. In contrast, the European Union (EU) disagrees that GM products are equivalent to their conventional counterparts due to the different production process. Instead, the EU refers to the precautionary principle in its GMO policy, meaning that trade with GM products should be restricted until it will be proven that no additional risks are implied by the use of these products. The divergence of opinions about the right policy to regulate GM products has significant impacts on trade flows and welfare effects. The US and the EU have already tried to resolve their dispute before the World Trade Organization (WTO). Relevant laws of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the WTO are presented as well as indications for a potential consensus.

Author : Alberto Alemanno,Simone Gabbi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 414 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2016-04-15
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781317133681

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Foundations of EU Food Law and Policy by Alberto Alemanno,Simone Gabbi Pdf

This volume presents the viewpoints of academics, food lawyers, industry and consumer representatives as well as those of EU policymakers on the first ten years of activity of one of the most prominent European agencies. Its broader purpose, however, is to discuss the future role played by EFSA within the rapidly-evolving area of EU food law and policy. By revisiting and discussing the milestones in the history of EFSA, the collection provides forward-looking views of food leaders and practitioners on the future scientific and regulatory challenges facing the European Union. In particular, by presenting a critical assessment of the agency’s activities within its different areas of work, the book offers readers a set of innovative tools for evaluating policy recommendations and better equips experts and the public to address pressing regulatory issues in this emotive area of law and policy. Despite its celebratory mood, the book’s focus is more about the future than the past of EU food law and policy. Each chapter discusses how EFSA’s role has evolved and identifies what it should have done differently while presenting an overall assessment of how the agency has discharged its mandate.

Author : Mark A. Pollack,Gregory C. Shaffer
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2009-05-21
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780199237289

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When Cooperation Fails by Mark A. Pollack,Gregory C. Shaffer Pdf

The dispute over genetically modified organisms has brought the US and the EU into conflict. This book examines the dynamic interactions of domestic law and politics, transnational networks, international regimes, and global markets, through a theoretically grounded and empirically comprehensive analysis of the governance of GM foods and crops.

Author : Maria Weimer
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2019-03-19
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780191047183

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Risk Regulation in the Internal Market by Maria Weimer Pdf

This book offers a topical inquiry into the legal and political limits of EU regulation in the field of risk and new technologies surrounded by techno-scientific complexity, uncertainty, and societal contestation. It uses agricultural biotechnology as a paradigmatic example to illustrate the complex intertwinement between environmental, public health, economic and social concerns in risk regulation. Weimer analyses the drawbacks of the EU approach to agricultural biotechnology showing that its reductionism, i.e. the narrow understanding of GMO risks as well as the exclusion of broader societal concerns related to environmental and social sustainability, has undermined both the legitimacy and effectiveness of EU regulation in this area. Resistance to this approach however has also triggered legal innovations prompting us to re-think EU internal market law, including the way in which it manages the tensions between unity and diversity, and between social and economic concerns. This text offers fresh and original insights into how far the EU can go in harmonizing regulatory approaches to risk. At the same time, it proposes new ways of re-thinking EU risk regulation to make it more responsive to different perspectives on risk and technology. A unique feature of this book is that it contributes to various strains of scholarship including risk regulation, internal market law, public administration, and studies of governance and regulation, as well as connecting these themes to broader debates about the legitimacy of European integration and new ways of differentiated integration. As a result it assists in re-imagining the EU internal market and its regulation as a site of diversity.

Author : Helen S. Wallace,Mark A. Pollack,Alasdair R. Young
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 641 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780199544820

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Policy-making in the European Union by Helen S. Wallace,Mark A. Pollack,Alasdair R. Young Pdf

The policies of the European Union profoundly affect the lives of people in Europe and around the world. The new edition of this highly successful textbook outlines how and why such decisions are made, as well as the key challenges faced by policy-makers in the current political and economic climate. Policy-Making in the European Union begins by clarifying the institutional framework of the EU and the analytical approaches used to understand it. A wide range of crucial and illustrative policies are then explored in detail by subject experts. This volume includes new chapters on ways of analyzing the EU's policy process and on energy policy. A central theme to the volume is how the recent expansion to twenty-seven member states has affected policy-making across the different policy sectors. The conclusion reflects on how this challenge and the protracted constitutional stalemate have affected policy-making in the EU. It also explores the impact of the financial and economic crises that have struck Europe over the past several years. The sixth edition is fully up-to-date, and is the ideal text for all those with an interest in the policy-making of the European Union.

Author : Bernardo Delogu
Publisher : Springer
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2016-05-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783319308227

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Risk Analysis and Governance in EU Policy Making and Regulation by Bernardo Delogu Pdf

This book provides an easy, but comprehensive and rigorous access to the main concepts, terminology, methods and procedures of risk analysis intended for all those involved in the EU policy and regulatory decision making on risks. It establishes a common ground of knowledge which enables a more informed dialogue on risks, a closer collaboration between decision makers and scientists and a better appraisal of the potential and limits of risk science. The book also brings together in an accessible way much multidisciplinary knowledge which had been dispersed over many technical documents and specialist books. The EU is in the front line of health, safety and environmental risk management. GMOs, food safety, hazardous chemicals, climate change, radiation hazards, are just a few of the popular risk issues addressed by the EU through policy and regulatory measures. The risk analysis paradigm, including risk assessment, management and communication has been at the core of the EU decision making for a long time already. EU Institutions strive for a science-based approach to risk management. Nevertheless, the dialogue and collaboration on risk issues between policy makers, stakeholders and scientists are still difficult and the potential and limits of science in support of decision making, as well as the basic concepts of risk analysis are not fully understood outside the narrow specialist circles.

Author : Jale Tosun
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 113 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2012-11-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781461419846

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Risk Regulation in Europe by Jale Tosun Pdf

The publication aims to familiarize students of public policy with the precautionary principle, which plays a vital role in the European Union’s approach toward regulating risks. The precautionary principle contends that policy makers should refrain from actions having a suspected risk of causing harm to the public and/or the environment. However, the precautionary principle only provides guidance to policy makers but does not prescribe specific policy responses. Therefore, there should be variation in the way the principle is applied. Furthermore, precautionary measures are, in principle, of a provisional nature, suggesting that they are likely to be subject to changes over time. This book is thus interested in shedding light on how the precautionary principle is put into practice and to what extent precautionary measures become modified. Empirically, it focuses on how the EU has regulated the use of growth hormones in meat production, the cultivation of genetically modified corn and the use of Stevia-based sweeteners in foods and beverages. The main theoretical argument advanced by this study is that the way in which the original regulatory standards were formulated affects whether and how they are changed. By placing particular emphasis on the relevance of scientific evidence for the (re-)definition of precautionary measures, the book is expected to appeal to both academics and practitioners.

Author : Leire Escajedo San Epifanio
Publisher : Brill Wageningen Academic
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Agriculture and state
ISBN : 9086863027

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Towards a New Regulatory Framework for GM Crops in the European Union by Leire Escajedo San Epifanio Pdf

Aware of the significant potential of nascent biotechnologies, the European Economic Community (the predecessor to the European Union) was one of the first regions in the world to develop a regulatory framework for them. Back in the 1980s, the objective of Community member countries was to strengthen the standards of consensus and collaboration, and of environmental and health safety, as well as to promote an industrial sector of enormous potential. In spite of all effort, towards the end of the 1990s it was a widely accepted fact that a number of political and economic factors were blocking the development of biotechnology in Europe. From that crisis emerged what in some aspects is probably the most comprehensive and rigorous body of regulations for biotechnology in the world today. However, the very high technical level of those regulations did not prevent a new crisis which EU institutions aim to solve with a new regulatory framework. Thus, since March 2015, the way towards the third regulatory framework for Biotechnology in the EU has been open. Will this third regulatory framework finally offer sufficient guarantees to allow a healthy and sustainable development of biotechnology in the EU? What do we need to do so that 'third time is lucky'? In this work, a group of European and non-European experts, from different disciplines and approaches, discuss the past and the present, as well as the various possible futures, of Genetically Modified Crops in the EU.

Author : David Vogel
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Consumer protection
ISBN : UCSD:31822031058308

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Ships Passing in the Night by David Vogel Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Science Education,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Roundtable on Public Interfaces of the Life Sciences
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 59 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2015-07-07
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309374248

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Public Engagement on Genetically Modified Organisms by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Science Education,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Roundtable on Public Interfaces of the Life Sciences Pdf

The National Research Council's Roundtable on Public Interfaces of the Life Sciences held a 2-day workshop on January 15-16, 2015, in Washington, DC to explore the public interfaces between scientists and citizens in the context of genetically engineered (GE) organisms. The workshop presentations and discussions dealt with perspectives on scientific engagement in a world where science is interpreted through a variety of lenses, including cultural values and political dispositions, and with strategies based on evidence in social science to improve public conversation about controversial topics in science. The workshop focused on public perceptions and debates about genetically engineered plants and animals, commonly known as genetically modified organisms (GMOs), because the development and application of GMOs are heavily debated among some stakeholders, including scientists. For some applications of GMOs, the societal debate is so contentious that it can be difficult for members of the public, including policy-makers, to make decisions. Thus, although the workshop focused on issues related to public interfaces with the life science that apply to many science policy debates, the discussions are particularly relevant for anyone involved with the GMO debate. Public Engagement on Genetically Modified Organisms: When Science and Citizens Connect summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop.

Author : Charles F. Sabel,Jonathan Zeitlin
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2010-02-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780191610189

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Experimentalist Governance in the European Union by Charles F. Sabel,Jonathan Zeitlin Pdf

This book advances a novel interpretation of EU governance. Its central claim is that the EU's regulatory successes within-and increasingly beyond-its borders rest on the emergence of a recursive process of framework rule making and revision by European and national actors across a wide range of policy domains. In this architecture, framework goals and measures for gauging their achievement are established by joint action of the Member States and EU institutions. Lower-level units are given the freedom to advance these ends as they see fit. But in return for this autonomy, they must report regularly on their performance and participate in a peer review in which their results are compared with those of others pursuing different means to the same general ends. The framework goals, performance measures, and decision-making procedures are themselves periodically revised by the actors, including new participants whose views come to be seen as indispensable to full and fair deliberation. The editors' introduction sets out the core features of this experimentalist architecture and contrasts it to conventional interpretations of EU governance, especially the principal-agent conceptions underpinning many contemporary theories of democratic sovereignty and effective, legitimate law making. Subsequent chapters by an interdisciplinary group of European and North American scholars explore the architecture's applicability across a series of key policy domains, including data privacy, financial market regulation, energy, competition, food safety, GMOs, environmental protection, anti-discrimination, fundamental rights, justice and home affairs, and external relations. Their authoritative studies show both how recent developments often take an experimentalist turn but also admit of multiple, contrasting interpretations or leave open the possibility of reversion to more familiar types of governance. The results will be indispensable for all those concerned with the nature of the EU and its contribution to contemporary governance beyond the nation-state.

Author : Patrycja Dabrowska-Klosinska
Publisher : Hart Publishing
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2021-05-06
Category : Law
ISBN : 1841138037

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EU Governance of GMOs by Patrycja Dabrowska-Klosinska Pdf

This book presents a constructive exploration of the dilemmas the EU faces in regulating the risks of modern biotechnology. It comprehensively examines the current European framework applicable to marketing of GMOs (genetically modified organisms), and its iterative reforms, in order to assess the regulatory character of the governance system in this controversial policy field. The Author situates the problems of the EU GMO regime in the broader context of 'post-state' regulation and discusses them in the light of some of the governance theories that were developed to respond in part to the dilemmas of risk regulation. The book contains analyses of the following issues: the EU laws pertinent to GM products; the approval procedures for placing GMOs on the market; the post-approval, control system of commercialised products, as well as the respective judicial interpretations of the EU Court of Justice. The evaluation of the developed governance solutions is also presented. The examination of the GMO governance reveals that the regime embodies different regulatory modes introduced by the EU which are combined in various forms in a way that frequently influences the adequacy of the adopted measures. The conclusion stemming from these findings suggests that the most appropriate solution for GMO policy in the EU is a reflexive and revisable combination of various regulatory approaches by policy-makers which will allow for there inforcement of their functions and the accommodation of different, often contradictory, policy needs.