Eu Regulation Of Gmos

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EU Regulation of GMOs

Maria Lee
EU Regulation of GMOs Book PDF

Author : Maria Lee
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2009-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781848443969

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EU Regulation of GMOs by Maria Lee Pdf

Lee s book is a valuable addition to the literature for those wishing to broaden their understanding of the range of legal disciplines involved in GMO regulation. Tracey Epps, European Review of Agricultural Economics Maria Lee s work is a successful attempt to illustrate the big legal issues behind the regulation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). This study, which is thorough and well documented, is particularly welcomed in view of the need for a dialogue between different legal specialisms for which GMOs are a relevant area of research. . . [The] book provides a very interesting and insightful examination of the legal problems raised by GMOs. I would warmly recommend its reading to academics and practitioners who are interested in European risk regulation law, environmental law, biotechnology and trade law. Sara Poli, European Law Review Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are an extraordinary innovation. They raise great expectations of economic prosperity and improved capacity to address pressing problems of poverty and environmental degradation, whilst simultaneously raising great concerns about the type of social and physical world they promise. Finding space in regulation to consider the full range of issues provoked by GMOs is a huge challenge. This book explores the EU s elaborate regulatory framework for GMOs, which extends far beyond the process of their authorisation (or not) for the EU market, embracing disparate legal disciplines including intellectual property, consumer protection and civil liability. The regulation of GMOs also highlights questions of EU legitimacy in a context of multi-level governance, both internally towards national and local government, and externally in a world where technologies and their regulation have global impacts. This book will be of interest to academics and students in both law and social sciences, as well as practising lawyers and policy makers. It addresses questions that are significant for those involved in environmental or food issues, as well as specialists in GMOs.

Biotechnology Regulation and GMOs

Naveen Thayyil
Biotechnology Regulation and GMOs Book PDF

Author : Naveen Thayyil
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2014-03-28
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781783473885

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Biotechnology Regulation and GMOs by Naveen Thayyil Pdf

This thoughtful book explores how EU law treats serious disagreements about the development and use of a radically new technology like genetic modification. Relevant EU laws are examined to analyse the room available, or possible, for public participat

Risk Regulation in the Internal Market

Maria Weimer
Risk Regulation in the Internal Market Book PDF

Author : Maria Weimer
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2019-03-19
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780191047183

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Risk Regulation in the Internal Market by Maria Weimer Pdf

This book offers a topical inquiry into the legal and political limits of EU regulation in the field of risk and new technologies surrounded by techno-scientific complexity, uncertainty, and societal contestation. It uses agricultural biotechnology as a paradigmatic example to illustrate the complex intertwinement between environmental, public health, economic and social concerns in risk regulation. Weimer analyses the drawbacks of the EU approach to agricultural biotechnology showing that its reductionism, i.e. the narrow understanding of GMO risks as well as the exclusion of broader societal concerns related to environmental and social sustainability, has undermined both the legitimacy and effectiveness of EU regulation in this area. Resistance to this approach however has also triggered legal innovations prompting us to re-think EU internal market law, including the way in which it manages the tensions between unity and diversity, and between social and economic concerns. This text offers fresh and original insights into how far the EU can go in harmonizing regulatory approaches to risk. At the same time, it proposes new ways of re-thinking EU risk regulation to make it more responsive to different perspectives on risk and technology. A unique feature of this book is that it contributes to various strains of scholarship including risk regulation, internal market law, public administration, and studies of governance and regulation, as well as connecting these themes to broader debates about the legitimacy of European integration and new ways of differentiated integration. As a result it assists in re-imagining the EU internal market and its regulation as a site of diversity.

EU Policy-Making on GMOs

Mihalis Kritikos
EU Policy Making on GMOs Book PDF

Author : Mihalis Kritikos
Publisher : Springer
Page : 341 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2017-11-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781137314468

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EU Policy-Making on GMOs by Mihalis Kritikos Pdf

This book examines the development and implementation of the EU’s legislative framework on the commercial release of GMO products as a case study of social regulation operating within a predominantly technical framework. The analysis and findings are based on an extensive documentary analysis and interviews with regulators, risk assessors, public interest groups and biotechnology experts at the national and European levels. It argues that in the case of the EU biotechnology framework, the particular institutional settings created for the formulation and interpretation of its provisions have been of decisive importance in elaborating a proceduralised ‘science-based’ prior authorization scheme as the preferred framework for granting commercial permits. This interdisciplinary work will appeal to EU lawyers, decision-makers and risk managers as well as academics working in the fields of EU studies, politics, law, risk governance sociology of science/risk and technology assessment. The book is based on a PhD thesis that was awarded with the 2008 UACES Prize for the Best Thesis in European Studies in Europe and with the EPEES 1st Prize for the Best Thesis written by a Greek Researcher between 2004 and 2008.

Genetically Modified Food

Marie Kreipe
Genetically Modified Food Book PDF

Author : Marie Kreipe
Publisher : Diplomica Verlag
Page : 97 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783842850132

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Genetically Modified Food by Marie Kreipe Pdf

The controversial issue of genetically modified (GM) food is discussed in this book. While the United States (US) is a strong supporter of GM technology having adopted a rather lax regulation of trade with GM products, the European Union (EU) is representing a sceptical position towards this new technology and has even imposed a de facto moratorium on further approval of GM products from 1998 to 2004. The purpose of this book is an extensive analysis of the current status on risks and benefits of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and a suggestion on how an appropriate regulation of GM products could be derived. Potential guidelines are provided for policy formulation both in a qualitative and in a quantitative dimension. The US is applying the principle of substantial equivalence, which means that GM products are in their substance identical to products produced by conventional methods. Therefore, no new regulations are necessary for the trade with GM products. In contrast, the European Union (EU) disagrees that GM products are equivalent to their conventional counterparts due to the different production process. Instead, the EU refers to the precautionary principle in its GMO policy, meaning that trade with GM products should be restricted until it will be proven that no additional risks are implied by the use of these products. The divergence of opinions about the right policy to regulate GM products has significant impacts on trade flows and welfare effects. The US and the EU have already tried to resolve their dispute before the World Trade Organization (WTO). Relevant laws of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the WTO are presented as well as indications for a potential consensus.

When Cooperation Fails

Mark A. Pollack,Gregory C. Shaffer
When Cooperation Fails Book PDF

Author : Mark A. Pollack,Gregory C. Shaffer
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2009-05-21
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780191568909

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When Cooperation Fails by Mark A. Pollack,Gregory C. Shaffer Pdf

The transatlantic dispute over genetically modified organisms (GMOs) has brought into conflict the United States and the European Union, two long-time allies and economically interdependent democracies with a long record of successful cooperation. Yet the dispute - pitting a largely acceptant US against an EU deeply suspicious of GMOs - has developed into one of the most bitter and intractable transatlantic and global conflicts, resisting efforts at negotiated resolution and resulting in a bitterly contested legal battle before the World Trade Organization. Professors Pollack and Shaffer investigate the obstacles to reconciling regulatory differences among nations through international cooperation, using the lens of the GMO dispute. The book addresses the dynamic interactions of domestic law and politics, transnational networks, international regimes, and global markets, through a theoretically grounded and empirically comprehensive analysis of the governance of GM foods and crops. They demonstrate that the deeply politicized, entrenched and path-dependent nature of the regulation of GMOs in the US and the EU has fundamentally shaped negotiations and decision-making at the international level, limiting the prospects for deliberation and providing incentives for both sides to engage in hard bargaining and to "shop" for favorable international forums. They then assess the impacts, and the limits, of international pressures on domestic US and European law, politics and business practice, which have remained strikingly resistant to change. International cooperation in areas like GMO regulation, the authors conclude, must overcome multiple obstacles, legal and political, domestic and international. Any effective response to this persistent dispute, they argue, must recognize both the obstacles to successful cooperation, and the options that remain for each side when cooperation fails.

The Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms

Luc Bodiguel,Michael Cardwell
The Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms Book PDF

Author : Luc Bodiguel,Michael Cardwell
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780199542482

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The Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms by Luc Bodiguel,Michael Cardwell Pdf

The regulation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) continues to generate controversy. On the one hand, they are actively promoted by the biotechnology industry as vital to ensuring food security. Yet, on the other hand, consumer resistance persists, not least in the European Union, and such lack of confidence extends not just to GM food itself but also to the regulatory regime, where legal issues are inextricably linked with economics and politics. This edited collection provides a novel contribution to the ongoing debate, recognizing that the legislative environment is complicated by forces as varied as national public opinion and world trade commitments. The book is divided into four parts. The first of these addresses the influence in this context of both civil society and economic imperatives. The second part is directed more specifically to the measures that have been implemented in the European Union, considering multi-level governance, wider aspects of food law, co-existence with conventional and organic crops, and environmental liability. The third part is comparative in focus, with chapters covering the diverse regimes implemented in Africa, Australia, North America and South America. The book concludes with chapters on world trade and international considerations, including analysis of the Biotech case.

Towards a New Regulatory Framework for GM Crops in the European Union

Leire Escajedo San Epifanio
Towards a New Regulatory Framework for GM Crops in the European Union Book PDF

Author : Leire Escajedo San Epifanio
Publisher : Brill Wageningen Academic
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Agriculture and state
ISBN : 9086863027

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Towards a New Regulatory Framework for GM Crops in the European Union by Leire Escajedo San Epifanio Pdf

Aware of the significant potential of nascent biotechnologies, the European Economic Community (the predecessor to the European Union) was one of the first regions in the world to develop a regulatory framework for them. Back in the 1980s, the objective of Community member countries was to strengthen the standards of consensus and collaboration, and of environmental and health safety, as well as to promote an industrial sector of enormous potential. In spite of all effort, towards the end of the 1990s it was a widely accepted fact that a number of political and economic factors were blocking the development of biotechnology in Europe. From that crisis emerged what in some aspects is probably the most comprehensive and rigorous body of regulations for biotechnology in the world today. However, the very high technical level of those regulations did not prevent a new crisis which EU institutions aim to solve with a new regulatory framework. Thus, since March 2015, the way towards the third regulatory framework for Biotechnology in the EU has been open. Will this third regulatory framework finally offer sufficient guarantees to allow a healthy and sustainable development of biotechnology in the EU? What do we need to do so that 'third time is lucky'? In this work, a group of European and non-European experts, from different disciplines and approaches, discuss the past and the present, as well as the various possible futures, of Genetically Modified Crops in the EU.

Regulation of Genome Editing in Plant Biotechnology

Hans-Georg Dederer,David Hamburger
Regulation of Genome Editing in Plant Biotechnology Book PDF

Author : Hans-Georg Dederer,David Hamburger
Publisher : Springer
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2019-08-16
Category : Law
ISBN : 9783030171193

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Regulation of Genome Editing in Plant Biotechnology by Hans-Georg Dederer,David Hamburger Pdf

This book provides in-depth insights into the regulatory frameworks of five countries and the EU concerning the regulation of genome edited plants. The country reports form the basis for a comparative analysis of the various national regulations governing genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in general and genome edited plants in particular, as well as the underlying regulatory approaches.The reports, which focus on the regulatory status quo of genome edited plants in Argentina, Australia, Canada, the EU, Japan and the USA, were written by distinguished experts following a uniform structure. On this basis, the legal frameworks are compared in order to foster a rational assessment of which approaches could be drawn upon to adjust, or to completely realign, the current EU regime for GMOs. In addition, a separate chapter identifies potential best practices for the regulation of plants derived from genome editing.

Risk Regulation in Europe

Jale Tosun
Risk Regulation in Europe Book PDF

Author : Jale Tosun
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 113 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2012-11-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781461419846

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Risk Regulation in Europe by Jale Tosun Pdf

The publication aims to familiarize students of public policy with the precautionary principle, which plays a vital role in the European Union’s approach toward regulating risks. The precautionary principle contends that policy makers should refrain from actions having a suspected risk of causing harm to the public and/or the environment. However, the precautionary principle only provides guidance to policy makers but does not prescribe specific policy responses. Therefore, there should be variation in the way the principle is applied. Furthermore, precautionary measures are, in principle, of a provisional nature, suggesting that they are likely to be subject to changes over time. This book is thus interested in shedding light on how the precautionary principle is put into practice and to what extent precautionary measures become modified. Empirically, it focuses on how the EU has regulated the use of growth hormones in meat production, the cultivation of genetically modified corn and the use of Stevia-based sweeteners in foods and beverages. The main theoretical argument advanced by this study is that the way in which the original regulatory standards were formulated affects whether and how they are changed. By placing particular emphasis on the relevance of scientific evidence for the (re-)definition of precautionary measures, the book is expected to appeal to both academics and practitioners.

European Food Regulation after Enlargement

Karolina Żurek
European Food Regulation after Enlargement Book PDF

Author : Karolina Żurek
Publisher : Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2011-11-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789004209015

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European Food Regulation after Enlargement by Karolina Żurek Pdf

This book presents a critical legal perspective on the current direction of EU food regulation. Analysing three regulatory mechanisms - mutual recognition, scientific risk regulation and standardisation - in the evolution of food legislation in the EU, the book shows the inadequacy of the current framework in facing the challenges of enlargement. Using the particular experience of a new member state, Poland, the book argues that an enlarged Europe must not disregard diverse socio-economic implications of market regulation. Due to historical legacies and a bias in favour of homogeneity, the EU food regulatory regime has generated a one-dimensional crisis-oriented approach. As a result, it tends to overlook other legitimate concerns such as quality, diversity and local traditions. This book argues that this need not be so.

Regulating and Managing Food Safety in the EU

Harry Bremmers,Kai Purnhagen
Regulating and Managing Food Safety in the EU Book PDF

Author : Harry Bremmers,Kai Purnhagen
Publisher : Springer
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2018-08-01
Category : Law
ISBN : 9783319770451

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Regulating and Managing Food Safety in the EU by Harry Bremmers,Kai Purnhagen Pdf

This book analyses EU food law from a regulatory, economic and managerial perspective. It presents an economic assessment of strategies of food safety regulation, and discusses the different regulatory regimes in EU food law. It examines the challenges of food safety in the internal market as well as the regulatory tools that are available. The book’s generic theorising and measurement of regulatory effects is supplemented by detailed analysis of key topics in food markets, such as health claims, enforcement strategies, and induced risk management at the level of the organizations producing food. The regulatory effects discussed in the book range from classical regulatory analysis covering e.g. effects of ex-ante versus ex-post regulation and content-related versus information-related regulation to new regulatory options such as behavioral regulation. The book takes as its premise the idea that economic considerations are basic to the design and functioning of the European food supply arena, and that economic effects consolidate or induce modification of the present legal structures and principles. The assessments, analyses and examination of the various issues presented in the book serve to answer the question of how economic theory and practice can explain and enhance the shaping and modification of the regulatory framework that fosters safe and sustainable food supply chains. ​ ​

Foundations of EU Food Law and Policy

Alberto Alemanno,Simone Gabbi
Foundations of EU Food Law and Policy Book PDF

Author : Alberto Alemanno,Simone Gabbi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 414 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2016-04-15
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781317133681

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Foundations of EU Food Law and Policy by Alberto Alemanno,Simone Gabbi Pdf

This volume presents the viewpoints of academics, food lawyers, industry and consumer representatives as well as those of EU policymakers on the first ten years of activity of one of the most prominent European agencies. Its broader purpose, however, is to discuss the future role played by EFSA within the rapidly-evolving area of EU food law and policy. By revisiting and discussing the milestones in the history of EFSA, the collection provides forward-looking views of food leaders and practitioners on the future scientific and regulatory challenges facing the European Union. In particular, by presenting a critical assessment of the agency’s activities within its different areas of work, the book offers readers a set of innovative tools for evaluating policy recommendations and better equips experts and the public to address pressing regulatory issues in this emotive area of law and policy. Despite its celebratory mood, the book’s focus is more about the future than the past of EU food law and policy. Each chapter discusses how EFSA’s role has evolved and identifies what it should have done differently while presenting an overall assessment of how the agency has discharged its mandate.

Uncertain Risks Regulated

Ellen Vos,Michelle Everson
Uncertain Risks Regulated Book PDF

Author : Ellen Vos,Michelle Everson
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 451 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2009-01-26
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781135391539

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Uncertain Risks Regulated by Ellen Vos,Michelle Everson Pdf

The scientification of politics and the politicisation of science / Michelle Everson and Ellen Vos -- Opening pandora's box : contextualising the precautionary principle in the European Union / Elisabeth Fisher -- Uncertainties in regulating food safety in France / Julien Besanon and Olivier Borraz -- The origins of regulatory uncertainty in the UK food safety regime / Henry Rothstein -- The Dutch regulatory framework for food risk analysis based food law in the Netherlands / Bernd van der Meulen -- Food safety in Poland : standards, procedures and institutions / Aleksander Surdej and Karolina Zurek -- A default-logic model of factfinding for United States regulation of food safety / Vern Walker -- The French regulatory system on GMOs / Christine Noiville -- The UK regulatory system on GMOs : expanding the debate? / Maria Lee -- GMO regulation in the Netherlands : a story of hope, fear and the limits of poldering / Han Somsen -- The Polish regulatory system on GMOs : between EU influence and national nuances / Patrycja Dabrowska -- The regulation of environmental risks of GMOs in the United States / Michael Rodemeyer -- The EU regulatory system on food safety : between trust and safety / Ellen Vos -- The EU regulatory system for GMOs / Greg Shaffer and Mark Pollack -- European regulation of GMOs : thinking about judicial review in the WTO / Joanne Scott -- The Codex Alimentarius Commission and its food safety measures in the light of their new status / Marille matthee -- Three intimate tales of law and science : hope, despair and transcendence / Michelle Everson -- Science, knowledge and uncertainty in eu risk regulation / Marjolein van Asselt, Ellen Vos and Bram Rooijackers -- The role of scientific experts in risk regulation of foods / Harry Kuiper -- Inclusive risk governance through discourse, deliberation and participation / Andreas Klinke -- Sound science in the European and global market : Karl Polanyi in geneva / Christian Joerges.

GM Food on Trial

Les Levidow,Susan Carr
GM Food on Trial Book PDF

Author : Les Levidow,Susan Carr
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 447 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2009-12-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781135237806

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GM Food on Trial by Les Levidow,Susan Carr Pdf

Europe was told that it had no choice but to accept agbiotech, yet this imperative was turned into a test of democratic accountability for societal choices. Since the late 1990s, European public controversy has kept the agri-biotech industry and its promoters on the defensive. As some opponents and regulators alike have declared, ‘GM food/crops are on trial’. Suspicion of their guilt has been evoked by moral symbols, as disputes over whether genetically-modified products are modest benign improvements on traditional plant breeding, or dangerous Frankenfoods; and in disputes over whether they are global saviours, or control agents of multinational companies. This book examines European institutions being ‘put on trial’ for how their regulatory procedures evaluate and regulate GM products, in ways which opened up alternative futures. Levidow and Carr highlight how public controversy created a legitimacy crisis, leading to national policy changes and demands, in turn stimulating changes in EU agbiotech regulations as a strategy to regain legitimacy.