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Evaluation Of The Cornell Net Carbohydrate And Protein System With Dairy Cattle Consuming Fresh Forages And Diets Deficient In Nitrogen Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle version is available to download in english. Read online anytime anywhere directly from your device. Click on the download button below to get a free pdf file of Evaluation Of The Cornell Net Carbohydrate And Protein System With Dairy Cattle Consuming Fresh Forages And Diets Deficient In Nitrogen book. This book definitely worth reading, it is an incredibly well-written.
Author : Rodrigo Ruiz
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Electronic
ISBN : CORNELL:31924090110234
Author : Paul Edward Cerosaletti
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 562 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Electronic
ISBN : CORNELL:31924081093258
Author : Melanie Amanda Schotthofer
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Electronic
ISBN : CORNELL:31924108020235
Author : J. Murphy
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 269 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2023-08-28
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9789086865543
Leading authorities from wide geographical regions of the globe will review the most up-to-date information in relation to temperate grasslands. Topics covered are: nutritive value of pasture; plant characteristics conducive to high animal intake and performance; modelling of both grass growth and animal production and intake in grazing systems; optimising financial returns from grazing; decision support systems; optimal animal breeds and traits for grazing systems; challenges and opportunities for animal production in the immediate future .In addition, short papers will present the most recent research on the above mentioned topics. One paper will present a comprehensive overview of animal production from pasture in Ireland This book will be of interest to grassland and ruminant production scientists, mathematical modellers working on grazing systems, extension workers, students of agriculture and animal production and progressive livestock farmers.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 816 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Dissertations, Academic
ISBN : STANFORD:36105112755801
Author : Erin Beth Recktenwald
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Electronic
ISBN : CORNELL:31924095846188
Due to concern over nitrogen (N) emissions, this study attempted to evaluate dietary approaches to reduce N excretion by dairy cattle. Knowledge about potential N sources that were either unaccounted for or under-predicted by CPM Dairy and the Dairy NRC (2001) was used to formulate rations that were much lower in crude protein (CP) than typically fed to dairy cattle but would potentially not decrease production. Specifically, the three diets fed were predicted to have: (1) positive rumen N and metabolizable protein (MP) balances (Diet P) (2) negative MP balance and positive rumen N balance (Diet N), or (3) negative rumen N balance but positive MP balance (Diet T) as predicted by CPM Dairy version 3. The objective of this experiment was to determine whether, and to what extent, the decrease in predicted ruminally available N and MP supply would affect milk production. Eighty-eight multiparous lactating Holstein cows (83 ± 20 DIM), were blocked by average daily milk yield to 50 DIM and parity and assigned to three diets differing in N content or predicted rumen degradability of the feed N. The diets were formulated with CPM Dairy V3 using library values for all feeds except corn silage where actual chemical, digestibility, and degradation rate values were determined and used. The diets (DM basis) consisted of approximately 50% corn silage, 2% wheat straw and 48% of a diet specific ingredient mix and were formulated for 22.2 of kg DMI. Actual diet CP levels were 16.7, 14.2 and 14.3% for Diets P, N and T, respectively. The predicted CPM Dairy rumen N balance at the formulated DMI was 29 and 27 g for Diets P and N and negative 39 g/d for Diet T, whereas the predicted MP balance was 263 and negative 145 and 91 g/d for Diets P, N and T, respectively. Monensin was included in the diets at a formulated intake of approximately 300 mg per cow per d and somatotropin was administered per label. Actual DMI for cattle fed these treatments were 25.7, 25.5 and 24.2 kg/d for Diets P, N and T, respectively and were significantly lower for Diet T. Actual milk yield was 45.0, 42.6 and 43.3 kg/d and 3.5% FCM was 38.1, 36.5, and 36.4 kg/d for cows fed Diets P, N and T, respectively and was significantly lower for cows fed Diets N and T. Milk protein percent was not affected by diet; however, milk protein yield was significantly greater for cows fed Diet P due to the difference in milk yield. Plasma urea N concentrations were 11.31, 8.40 and 7.13 mg/dl for cows fed diets P, N and T, respectively and were different and paralleled the rumen ammonia levels of 8.32, 6.58 and 5.84 mg/dl. Milk fat depression (MFD) was observed in all cows and was not affected by treatment, and the average milk fat levels were 2.67, 2.68 and 2.54% for diets P, N and T, respectively. To determine if monensin was partially responsible for the MFD, monensin was removed from the diets of approximately half of the cows on treatment once they had finished the experimental period. Removal of monensin resulted in a 30% increase in milk fat percent, and milk protein content was not affected. Calculated milk N:intake N ratios for the three treatments were 0.31, 0.33 and 0.36 for Diets P, N and T respectively. The results of this study suggest that more productive N is available than currently predicted by either CPM Dairy and the Dairy NRC (2001). Understanding where these differences exist would allow for feeding less CP to dairy cattle and decreasing N emissions to the environment. It may also be a profitable strategy for dairy farmers, as they would be able to reduce their purchase of costly protein feeds, but that was not demonstrated in this study - primarily due to the severe milk fat depression that decreased the economic value of milk. However, ration cost was not a concern for this experiment, and that aspect can be considered when implementing feeding strategies stemming from this research. (Abstract).
Author : Cornell University. Graduate School
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 112 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2001-05-27
Category : Dissertations, Academic
ISBN : CORNELL:31924090605720
Author : Cristina Lanzas
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 476 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Electronic
ISBN : CORNELL:31924107274387
To mitigate the negative environmental impact of farming, it is important that diets are formulated to accurately match requirements. For that, an adequate characterization of feed composition and its variability is crucial. The original Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein (CNCPS) feed carbohydrate and protein fractionation schemes were evaluated and modified to improve predictions of the rumen degradable protein (RDP), rumen undegradable protein (RUP) and microbial protein supply. For carbohydrates, a new expanded scheme was developed; the CA1 is volatile fatty acids (VFA), CA2 is lactic acid, CA3 is other organic acids, CA4 is sugars, CB1 is starch, CB2 is soluble fiber, CB3 is available neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and CC is unavailable NDF. The expanded scheme accounted for more variation in changes in silage quality and non-fiber carbohydrate composition. The CNCPS and National Research Council (NRC) protein schemes were evaluated using Monte Carlo techniques. Both schemes shared similar limitations including (1) the range of RDP and RUP was over-predicted; (2) the methods used to estimate degradation rates had low accuracy and repeatability, and (3) the assumptions underlying the kinetic models were too restrictive to mimic ruminal digestion. The CNCPS protein scheme was revised and alternative schemes were developed. Predictions of RDP and RUP were improved by assigning rates obtained with the inhibitory in vitro system to a combined insoluble protein B fraction, or by redefining A and B1 fractions as the non amino-N and amino-N in the soluble fraction, respectively. Urea recycled to the rumen may represent an important source of N for microbes. A dynamic mechanistic model was developed to be used as a component of ration formulation models to predict N recycling to the GIT and urinary urea N. Recycling processes were modeled as positive feedbacks, while renal excretion was modeled as a negative feedback. Both processes were assumed to be regulated by N intake. Model simulations suggested that accurately accounting for urea recycled to the rumen reduces degradable nitrogen needed in the diet, and the use of the NRC 1985 empirical equation to predict urea recycling to the rumen may greatly underestimate recycling in lactating dairy cows. (Abstract).
Author : William C. Stone
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Dairy cattle
ISBN : CORNELL:31924076434483
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 816 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Dissertation abstracts
ISBN : UOM:39015086908152
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 2106 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2001-12
Category : Medicine
ISBN : MINN:31951P00895896H
Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1828 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Medicine
ISBN : OSU:32436010864997
Author : Jamie Sieds Jonker
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Electronic
ISBN : CORNELL:31924076492614
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 788 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Agriculture
ISBN : UOM:39015055285038
Author : Michael Edward Van Amburgh
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 382 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Electronic
ISBN : CORNELL:31924076432420