Evolution And Design Of Institutions

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Evolution and Design of Institutions

Christian Schubert,Georg Von Wangenheim
Evolution and Design of Institutions Book PDF

Author : Christian Schubert,Georg Von Wangenheim
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2006-09-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134187157

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Evolution and Design of Institutions by Christian Schubert,Georg Von Wangenheim Pdf

This book comprises nine papers approaching designed institutions and their interplay with spontaneous institutions from various angles. While the evolution of spontaneous institutions is quite well understood in economic thinking, the development of consciously designed institutions has been examined much less. In new institutional economics, public choice, and law and economics the interaction between changing preferences and spontaneously evolving institutions on the one hand and the evolution of designed institutions (as, e.g., legal systems) on the other hand has largely been ignored. A number of top class international contributors have been assembled to study this phenomenon including Viktor Vanberg, Bruno Frey, Elinor Ostrom and Francesco Parisi.

The Compatibility of Evolution and Design

E. V. R. Kojonen
The Compatibility of Evolution and Design Book PDF

Author : E. V. R. Kojonen
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 223 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2021-08-10
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030696832

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The Compatibility of Evolution and Design by E. V. R. Kojonen Pdf

This book challenges the widespread assumption of the incompatibility of evolution and the biological design argument. Kojonen analyzes the traditional arguments for incompatibility, and argues for salvaging the idea of design in a way that is fully compatible with evolutionary biology. Relating current views to their intellectual history, Kojonen steers a course that avoids common pitfalls such as the problems of the God of the gaps, the problem of natural evil, and the traditional Humean and Darwinian critiques. The resulting deconstruction of the opposition between evolution and design has the potential to transform this important debate.

Social dilemmas, institutions, and the evolution of cooperation

Ben Jann,Wojtek Przepiorka
Social dilemmas institutions and the evolution of cooperation Book PDF

Author : Ben Jann,Wojtek Przepiorka
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 582 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2017-09-11
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783110470697

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Social dilemmas, institutions, and the evolution of cooperation by Ben Jann,Wojtek Przepiorka Pdf

The question of how cooperation and social order can evolve from a Hobbesian state of nature of a “war of all against all” has always been at the core of social scientific inquiry. Social dilemmas are the main analytical paradigm used by social scientists to explain competition, cooperation, and conflict in human groups. The formal analysis of social dilemmas allows for identifying the conditions under which cooperation evolves or unravels. This knowledge informs the design of institutions that promote cooperative behavior. Yet to gain practical relevance in policymaking and institutional design, predictions derived from the analysis of social dilemmas must be put to an empirical test. The collection of articles in this book gives an overview of state-of-the-art research on social dilemmas, institutions, and the evolution of cooperation. It covers theoretical contributions and offers a broad range of examples on how theoretical insights can be empirically verified and applied to cooperation problems in everyday life. By bringing together a group of distinguished scholars, the book fills an important gap in sociological scholarship and addresses some of the most interesting questions of human sociality.

Design by Evolution

Philip F. Hingston,Luigi C. Barone,Zbigniew Michalewicz
Design by Evolution Book PDF

Author : Philip F. Hingston,Luigi C. Barone,Zbigniew Michalewicz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2008-09-30
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540741114

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Design by Evolution by Philip F. Hingston,Luigi C. Barone,Zbigniew Michalewicz Pdf

Evolution is Nature’s design process. The natural world is full of wonderful examples of its successes, from engineering design feats such as powered flight, to the design of complex optical systems such as the mammalian eye, to the merely stunningly beautiful designs of orchids or birds of paradise. With increasing computational power, we are now able to simulate this process with greater fidelity, combining complex simulations with high-performance evolutionary algorithms to tackle problems that used to be impractical. This book showcases the state of the art in evolutionary algorithms for design. The chapters are organized by experts in the following fields: evolutionary design and "intelligent design" in biology, art, computational embryogeny, and engineering. The book will be of interest to researchers, practitioners and graduate students in natural computing, engineering design, biology and the creative arts.

Governing the Commons

Elinor Ostrom
Governing the Commons Book PDF

Author : Elinor Ostrom
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2015-09-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781107569782

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Governing the Commons by Elinor Ostrom Pdf

Tackles one of the most enduring and contentious issues of positive political economy: common pool resource management.

On Social Evolution

Shiping Tang
On Social Evolution Book PDF

Author : Shiping Tang
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2020-02-26
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781000039894

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On Social Evolution by Shiping Tang Pdf

Tang provides a coherent and systematic exploration of social evolution as a phenomenon and as a paradigm. He critically builds on existing discussions on social evolution, while drawing from a wide range of disciplines, including archaeology, evolutionary anthropology, sociology, economics, political science, the philosophy of social sciences, and evolutionary biology. Clarifying the relationship between biological evolution and social evolution, Tang lays bare the ontological and epistemological principles of the social evolutionary paradigm. He also presents operational principles and tools for deploying this paradigm to understand empirical puzzles about human society. This is a vital resource for students, practitioners, and philosophers of all social sciences.

Governing the Commons

Elinor Ostrom
Governing the Commons Book PDF

Author : Elinor Ostrom
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1990-11-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0521405998

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Governing the Commons by Elinor Ostrom Pdf

Ostrom first describes three models most frequently used as the foundation for recommending state or market solutions.

Complexity and Evolution

David S. Wilson,Alan Kirman
Complexity and Evolution Book PDF

Author : David S. Wilson,Alan Kirman
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 409 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2016-08-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780262035385

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Complexity and Evolution by David S. Wilson,Alan Kirman Pdf

An exploration of how approaches that draw on evolutionary theory and complexity science can advance our understanding of economics. Two widely heralded yet contested approaches to economics have emerged in recent years: one emphasizes evolutionary theory in terms of individuals and institutions; the other views economies as complex adaptive systems. In this book, leading scholars examine these two bodies of theory, exploring their possible impact on economics. Relevant concepts from evolutionary theory drawn on by the contributors include the distinction between proximate and ultimate causation, multilevel selection, cultural change as an evolutionary process, and human psychology as a product of gene-culture coevolution. Applicable ideas from complexity theory include self-organization, fractals, chaos theory, sensitive dependence, basins of attraction, and path dependence. The contributors discuss a synthesis of complexity and evolutionary approaches and the challenges that emerge. Focusing on evolutionary behavioral economics, and the evolution of institutions, they offer practical applications and point to avenues for future research. Contributors Robert Axtell, Jenna Bednar, Eric D. Beinhocker, Adrian V. Bell, Terence C. Burnham, Julia Chelen, David Colander, Iain D. Couzin, Thomas E. Currie, Joshua M. Epstein, Daniel Fricke, Herbert Gintis, Paul W. Glimcher, John Gowdy, Thorsten Hens, Michael E. Hochberg, Alan Kirman, Robert Kurzban, Leonhard Lades, Stephen E. G. Lea, John E. Mayfield, Mariana Mazzucato, Kevin McCabe, John F. Padgett, Scott E. Page, Karthik Panchanathan, Peter J. Richerson, Peter Schuster, Georg Schwesinger, Rajiv Sethi, Enrico Spolaore, Sven Steinmo, Miriam Teschl, Peter Turchin, Jeroen C. J. M. van den Bergh, Sander E. van der Leeuw, Romain Wacziarg, John J. Wallis, David S. Wilson, Ulrich Witt

The Evolution of Resource Property Rights

Anthony Scott
The Evolution of Resource Property Rights Book PDF

Author : Anthony Scott
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 576 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2008-03-27
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780191521485

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The Evolution of Resource Property Rights by Anthony Scott Pdf

This book traces the development of the standard property rights over five kinds of natural resource - inland rivers, ocean fisheries, petroleum resources, gold and base metals and forest resources - from classical times through to the 19th century. Completely private resources and those in the public (or Crown) lands are given equal attention and a simple supply-and-demand model is used to explain how property rights are altered over time. Scott also provides the reader with a unique set of characteristics for defining rights and numerous case studies and examples of their evolution, highlighting the increasing recourse to common law courts and government legislation and the problems caused by competing demands on the same, limited resources. This book provides a unique insight into the historical development of property rights and makes a special plea for the multiple-purpose and multi-owner management of resource rights. It will provide a valuable resource for those interested in resource management, economic history, property rights, and development.

Flawed by Design

Amy B. Zegart
Flawed by Design Book PDF

Author : Amy B. Zegart
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780804741316

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Flawed by Design by Amy B. Zegart Pdf

Challenging the belief that national security agencies work well, this book asks what forces shaped the initial design of the Central Intelligence Agency, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the National Security Council in ways that meant they were handicapped from birth.

The Evolution and Legitimacy of International Security Institutions

Patrick Cottrell
The Evolution and Legitimacy of International Security Institutions Book PDF

Author : Patrick Cottrell
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2016-04-21
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781107121119

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The Evolution and Legitimacy of International Security Institutions by Patrick Cottrell Pdf

This book tackles the question: when international security institutions face a legitimacy crisis, why are some replaced while others endure?

The Social Institutions of Capitalism

Pursey Heugens,Hans van Oosterhout,Jack J. Vromen
The Social Institutions of Capitalism Book PDF

Author : Pursey Heugens,Hans van Oosterhout,Jack J. Vromen
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2003-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1781950334

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The Social Institutions of Capitalism by Pursey Heugens,Hans van Oosterhout,Jack J. Vromen Pdf

Offering a diverse set of contributions to current social contracting research, this text illustrates how social contracts necessarily underlie and facilitate all forms of capitalist production and exchange.

Economics, Evolution and the State

Kurt Dopfer
Economics Evolution and the State Book PDF

Author : Kurt Dopfer
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2005-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1845428021

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Economics, Evolution and the State by Kurt Dopfer Pdf

This book focuses on the emerging field of evolutionary economic policy, highlighting the interface between the state, markets, and the evolutionary complexity of modern economies. The contributors explore the possibilities and limitations of governance, and provide a unique platform for the advancement of modern evolutionary economic theory.

The Evolution of Everything

Matt Ridley
The Evolution of Everything Book PDF

Author : Matt Ridley
Publisher : HarperCollins
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2015-10-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780062296023

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The Evolution of Everything by Matt Ridley Pdf

“Mr. Ridley’s best and most important work to date…there is something profoundly democratic and egalitarian—even anti-elitist—in this bottom-up approach: Everyone can have a role in bringing about change.” —Wall Street Journal The New York Times bestselling author of The Rational Optimist and Genome returns with a fascinating argument for evolution that definitively dispels a dangerous, widespread myth: that we can command and control our world Human society evolves. Change in technology, language, morality, and society is incremental, inexorable, gradual, and spontaneous. It follows a narrative, going from one stage to the next, and it largely happens by trial and error—a version of natural selection. Much of the human world is the result of human action but not of human design: it emerges from the interactions of millions, not from the plans of a few. Drawing on fascinating evidence from science, economics, history, politics, and philosophy, Matt Ridley demolishes conventional assumptions that the great events and trends of our day are dictated by those on high. On the contrary, our most important achievements develop from the bottom up. The Industrial Revolution, cell phones, the rise of Asia, and the Internet were never planned; they happened. Languages emerged and evolved by a form of natural selection, as did common law. Torture, racism, slavery, and pedophilia—all once widely regarded as acceptable—are now seen as immoral despite the decline of religion in recent decades. In this wide-ranging, erudite book, Ridley brilliantly makes the case for evolution, rather than design, as the force that has shaped much of our culture, our technology, our minds, and that even now is shaping our future.

Behaviour, Development and Evolution

Patrick Bateson
Behaviour Development and Evolution Book PDF

Author : Patrick Bateson
Publisher : Open Book Publishers
Page : 134 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2017-02-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781783742516

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Behaviour, Development and Evolution by Patrick Bateson Pdf

The role of parents in shaping the characters of their children, the causes of violence and crime, and the roots of personal unhappiness are central to humanity. Like so many fundamental questions about human existence, these issues all relate to behavioural development. In this lucid and accessible book, eminent biologist Professor Sir Patrick Bateson suggests that the nature/nurture dichotomy we often use to think about questions of development in both humans and animals is misleading. Instead, he argues that we should pay attention to whole systems, rather than to simple causes, when trying to understand the complexity of development. In his wide-ranging approach Bateson discusses why so much behaviour appears to be well-designed. He explores issues such as ‘imprinting’ and its importance to the attachment of offspring to their parents; the mutual benefits that characterise communication between parent and offspring; the importance of play in learning how to choose and control the optimal conditions in which to thrive; and the vital function of adaptability in the interplay between development and evolution. Bateson disputes the idea that a simple link can be found between genetics and behaviour. What an individual human or animal does in its life depends on the reciprocal nature of its relationships with the world about it. This knowledge also points to ways in which an animal’s own behaviour can provide the variation that influences the subsequent course of evolution. This has relevance not only for our scientific approaches to the systems of development and evolution, but also on how humans change institutional rules that have become dysfunctional, or design public health measures when mismatches occur between themselves and their environments. It affects how we think about ourselves and our own capacity for change.