Evolutionary Instability

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Evolutionary Instability

Gebhard Geiger
Evolutionary Instability Book PDF

Author : Gebhard Geiger
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 171 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642751714

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Evolutionary Instability by Gebhard Geiger Pdf

The recent sociobiology debate has raised fundamental and previously unresolved conceptual problems. Evolutionary Instability - Logical and Material Aspects of a Unified Theory of Biosocial Evolution - offers ap- proaches for their solution. The scientific applications comprise the dynamics and evolutionary instability of hierarchically organized systems, especially systems of interacting behavioural phenotypes in animals and man. The technical apparatus is thoroughly explained in intuitive terms within the text, and illustrated by numerous familiar examples and graphical representations, supplemented by an informal summary and discussion. The analyses offer new theoretical perspectives to such diverse fields as philosophy of science, evolutionary biology, general system theory and sociology.

Developmental Instability: Its Origins and Evolutionary Implications

T.A. Markow
Developmental Instability Its Origins and Evolutionary Implications Book PDF

Author : T.A. Markow
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401108300

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Developmental Instability: Its Origins and Evolutionary Implications by T.A. Markow Pdf

Developmental Instability: Its Origins and Evolutionary Implications is a collection of papers and transcribed discussions from a conference held in Tempe, Arizona in June 1993. The papers represent a wide range of contributions, from the empirical to the theoretical, and include methods for measuring developmental instability across a variety of taxa and traits. This volume presents contrasting views on how to assess developmental instability as well as on the relationship of instability to genotypic factors, environmental factors and the action of natural and sexual selection. Readers will derive a working knowledge of the best way to assess developmental instability and will be able to design future work in an authoritative way.

The Stability Concept of Evolutionary Game Theory

Ross Cressman
The Stability Concept of Evolutionary Game Theory Book PDF

Author : Ross Cressman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 137 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9783642499814

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The Stability Concept of Evolutionary Game Theory by Ross Cressman Pdf

These Notes grew from my research in evolutionary biology, specifically on the theory of evolutionarily stable strategies (ESS theory), over the past ten years. Personally, evolutionary game theory has given me the opportunity to transfer my enthusiasm for abstract mathematics to more practical pursuits. I was fortunate to have entered this field in its infancy when many biologists recognized its potential but were not prepared to grant it general acceptance. This is no longer the case. ESS theory is now a rapidly expanding (in both applied and theoretical directions) force that no evolutionary biologist can afford to ignore. Perhaps, to continue the life-cycle metaphor, ESS theory is now in its late adolescence and displays much of the optimism and exuberance of this exciting age. There are dangers in writing a text about a theory at this stage of development. A comprehensive treatment would involve too many loose ends for the reader to appreciate the central message. On the other hand, the current central message may soon become obsolete as the theory matures. Although the restricted topics I have chosen for this text reflect my own research bias, I am confident they will remain the theoretical basis of ESS theory. Indeed, I feel the adult maturity of ESS theory is close at hand and I hope the text will play an important role in this achievement.

Game Theoretical Foundations of Evolutionary Stability

Immanuel M. Bomze,Benedikt M. Pötscher
Game Theoretical Foundations of Evolutionary Stability Book PDF

Author : Immanuel M. Bomze,Benedikt M. Pötscher
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2013-12-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783642456602

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Game Theoretical Foundations of Evolutionary Stability by Immanuel M. Bomze,Benedikt M. Pötscher Pdf

These Lecture Notes arose from discussions we had over a working paper written by the first author in fall 1987. We decided then to write a short paper about the basic structure of evolutionary stability and found ourselves ending up with a book manuscript. Parts of the material contained herein were presented in a seminar at the Department of Mathematics at the University of Vienna, as well as at a workshop on evolutionary game theory in Bielefeld. The final version of the manuscript has certainly benefitted from critical comments and suggestions by the participants of both the seminar and the workshop. Thanks are also due to S. Bomze-de Barba, R. Burger, G. Danninger, J. Hofbauer, R. Selten, K. Sigmund, G. Stiastny and F. Weising. The co-operation of W. Muller from Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, is gratefully acknowledged. Vienna, November 1988 Immanuel M. Bomze Benedikt M. Potscher III Contents 1. Introduction 1 2. Strategies and payoffs 5 2. 1. A general setting for evolutionary game theory 6 2. 2. Mixed strategies and population games 8 2. 3. Finite number of strategies . . . . . 13 2. 4. Infinitely many (pure) strategies 15 2. 5. Structured populations: asymmetric contests and multitype games 17 2. 6. Additional remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3. Evolutionary stability 25 3. 1. Definition of evolutionary stability 25 3. 2. Evolutionary stability and solution concepts in classical game theory 30 3. 3. Conditions for evolutionary stability based on the normal cone 31 3. 4.

Asymmetry, Developmental Stability and Evolution

Anders Pape MØller,John P. Swaddle
Asymmetry Developmental Stability and Evolution Book PDF

Author : Anders Pape MØller,John P. Swaddle
Publisher : Oxford University Press, UK
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1997-11-27
Category : Developmental biology
ISBN : 9780191589393

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Asymmetry, Developmental Stability and Evolution by Anders Pape MØller,John P. Swaddle Pdf

Why does nature love symmetry? In Asymmetry, Developmental Stability and Evolution, M--oslash--;ller and Swaddle analyse the evolutionary implications of symmetry. They advance and explain their theory that asymmetry is related to genetic stability and fitness, and that symmetric individuals appear to have quantifiable and significant advantages over their asymmetric counterparts. When assessing potential mates or competitors, animals may be able to use symmetry as an honest indication of quality. This interdisciplinary book, with its associated Web-site, will be of interest to students and researchers in the fields of ecology, evolutionary biology, genetics, and animal behaviour. - ;Why does nature love symmetry? In Asymmetry, Developmental Stability and Evolution, M--oslash--;ller and Swaddle analyse the evolutionary implications of symmetry. They advance and explain their theory that symmetry is related to genetic stability and fitness, and that symmetric individuals appear to have quantifiable and significant advantages over their asymmetric counterparts. When assessing potential mates or competitors, animals may be able to use symmetry as an honest indication of quality. This interdisciplinary book, with its associated Web-site, will be of interest to students and researchers in the fields of ecology, evolutionary biology, genetics, and animal behaviour. -

Evolutionary Biology of Transient Unstable Populations

Antonio Fontdevila
Evolutionary Biology of Transient Unstable Populations Book PDF

Author : Antonio Fontdevila
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 299 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642745256

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Evolutionary Biology of Transient Unstable Populations by Antonio Fontdevila Pdf

An overview of speciation theory reveals an increasingly held view that many events leading to the origin of new species occur in transient, unstable populations. A transient, unstable population should be under stood as a fast episodic phase in a population subjected to genetic and environmental factors that tend to disrupt its cohesive, balanced genome architecure, thus enhancing its probability to produce a new species. Striking the core of Darwinian thought, some authors claim that these· processes may be non-adaptive. Among the environmental factors one may cite biotic (e.g. resource availability) and abiotic (e.g. temperature) stress conditions that break up the population stability producing random, unpredictable changes in population size, population trait distribution, breeding structure, inter- and/or intrapopulational hybridization, etc. Genetic factors consist of those events that induce rapid changes in genetic expression and/or that determine reproductive isolation, such as substitutions, insertions, deletions, duplications, transpositions, gross chromosomal rearrangements, recombination and, in general, any mechanism that changes the regulatory pattern of the organism or the balance of its meiotic system. Both kinds of factors are often intertwined in a complex net and may influence each other.

Ecological and Evolutionary Modelling

Cang Hui,Pietro Landi,Henintsoa Onivola Minoarivelo,Andriamihaja Ramanantoanina
Ecological and Evolutionary Modelling Book PDF

Author : Cang Hui,Pietro Landi,Henintsoa Onivola Minoarivelo,Andriamihaja Ramanantoanina
Publisher : Springer
Page : 86 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2018-06-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319921501

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Ecological and Evolutionary Modelling by Cang Hui,Pietro Landi,Henintsoa Onivola Minoarivelo,Andriamihaja Ramanantoanina Pdf

Ecology studies biodiversity in its variety and complexity. It describes how species distribute and perform in response to environmental changes. Ecological processes and structures are highly complex and adaptive. In order to quantify emerging ecological patterns and investigate their hidden mechanisms, we need to rely on the simplicity of mathematical language. Ecological patterns are emerging structures observed in populations, communities and ecosystems. Elucidating drivers behind ecological patterns can greatly improve our knowledge of how ecosystems assemble, function and respond to change and perturbation. Mathematical ecology has, thus, become an important interdisciplinary research field that can provide answers to complex global issues, such as climate change and biological invasions. The aim of this book is to (i) introduce key concepts in ecology and evolution, (ii) explain classic and recent important mathematical models for investigating ecological and evolutionary dynamics, and (iii) provide real examples in ecology/biology/environmental sciences that have used these models to address relevant issues. Readers are exposed to the key concepts, frameworks, and terminology in the studies of ecology and evolution, which will enable them to ask the correct and relevant research questions, and frame the questions using appropriate mathematical models.

Developmental Instability

Michal Polak
Developmental Instability Book PDF

Author : Michal Polak
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 488 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0195143450

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Developmental Instability by Michal Polak Pdf

The field of developmental instability has generated a large amount of controversy recently, mostly because of fierce disagreement over the genetic basis of fluctuating asymmetry and its role in mate selection. This book is a timely and innovative critical evaluation of a burgeoning field. The book explores the premise that complex organismal, ecological and evolutionary processes can be understood as emergent properties of the "epigenetic machine," that is, the mechanisms fundamental to all organisms responsible for building and organizing phenotypes from information translated from DNA.

Humanity's Descent

Richard Potts
Humanity s Descent Book PDF

Author : Richard Potts
Publisher : William Morrow
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Nature
ISBN : UOM:39015031878906

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Humanity's Descent by Richard Potts Pdf

Discusses recent theories of human evolution, and looks at how changing ecology has shaped human development.

The Adaptive Landscape in Evolutionary Biology

Erik Svensson,Ryan Calsbeek
The Adaptive Landscape in Evolutionary Biology Book PDF

Author : Erik Svensson,Ryan Calsbeek
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2012-05-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780191631672

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The Adaptive Landscape in Evolutionary Biology by Erik Svensson,Ryan Calsbeek Pdf

The 'Adaptive Landscape' has been a central concept in population genetics and evolutionary biology since this powerful metaphor was first formulated by Sewall Wright in 1932. Eighty years later, it has become a central framework in evolutionary quantitative genetics, selection studies in natural populations, and in studies of ecological speciation and adaptive radiations. Recently, the simple concept of adaptive landscapes in two dimensions (genes or traits) has been criticized and several new and more sophisticated versions of the original adaptive landscape evolutionary model have been developed in response. No published volume has yet critically discussed the past, present state, and future prospect of the adaptive landscape in evolutionary biology. This volume brings together prominent historians of science, philosophers, ecologists, and evolutionary biologists, with the aim of discussing the state of the art of the Adaptive Landscape from several different perspectives.

Stellar Instability and Evolution

P. Ledoux,A. Noels,A.W. Rodgers
Stellar Instability and Evolution Book PDF

Author : P. Ledoux,A. Noels,A.W. Rodgers
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1974-11-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9027704805

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Stellar Instability and Evolution by P. Ledoux,A. Noels,A.W. Rodgers Pdf

Proceedings of IAU Symposium No. 59, held at Mount Stromlo, Canberra, Australia, August 16-18, 1973

The Evolution of Reason

William S. Cooper
The Evolution of Reason Book PDF

Author : William S. Cooper
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0521540259

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The Evolution of Reason by William S. Cooper Pdf

The formal systems of logic have ordinarily been regarded as independent of biology, but recent developments in evolutionary theory suggest that biology and logic may be intimately interrelated. In this book, William Cooper outlines a theory of rationality in which logical law emerges as an intrinsic aspect of evolutionary biology. This biological perspective on logic, though at present unorthodox, could change traditional ideas about the reasoning process. Cooper examines the connections between logic and evolutionary biology and illustrates how logical rules are derived directly from evolutionary principles, and therefore have no independent status of their own. Laws of decision theory, utility theory, induction, and deduction are reinterpreted as natural consequences of evolutionary processes. Cooper's connection of logical law to evolutionary theory ultimately results in a unified foundation for an evolutionary science of reason. It will be of interest to professionals and students of philosophy of science, logic, evolutionary theory, and cognitive science.

Evolutionary Biology of Transient Unstable Populations

Antonio Fontdevila
Evolutionary Biology of Transient Unstable Populations Book PDF

Author : Antonio Fontdevila
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1989-10-31
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3642745261

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Evolutionary Biology of Transient Unstable Populations by Antonio Fontdevila Pdf

The biology of transient, unstable populations form the evolutionary stage used to describe events leading to the origin of new species, which is the theme of the present analysis. This problem is approached from different perspectives, ranging from population genetics, population ecology and developmental biology to the molecular level of evolution. Covering these main disciplines involved in the elucidation of evolutionary mechanisms, the present volume bridges the gap between molecularly orientated evolutionists and population biologists. Readers will find a high quality, well balanced set of theoretical and experimental articles authored by leading researchers in the field of evolutionary biology.

The Evolution of Anisogamy

Tatsuya Togashi,Paul Alan Cox
The Evolution of Anisogamy Book PDF

Author : Tatsuya Togashi,Paul Alan Cox
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 263 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2011-04-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781139500821

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The Evolution of Anisogamy by Tatsuya Togashi,Paul Alan Cox Pdf

Darwin identified the existence of separate male and female gametes as one of the central mysteries of evolutionary biology. 150 years later, the question of why male gametes exist remains an intriguing puzzle. In this, the first book solely devoted to the evolution of anisogamy, top theorists in the field explore why gamete dimorphism characterizes nearly all plants and animals. Did separate male and female gametes evolve as a result of competition, or does anisogamy instead represent selection for cooperation? If disruptive selection drove the evolution of anisogamy, with male gametes focused on search and fusion, and female gametes provisioning the new zygote, why do some algal species continue to produce gametes of a single size? Does sperm limitation, or escape from infection, better explain the need for extremely small, highly mobile sperm? Written by leaders in the field, this volume offers an authoritative and cutting-edge overview of evolutionary theory.

Evolutionary Games and Population Dynamics

Josef Hofbauer,Karl Sigmund
Evolutionary Games and Population Dynamics Book PDF

Author : Josef Hofbauer,Karl Sigmund
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 1998-05-28
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 052162570X

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Evolutionary Games and Population Dynamics by Josef Hofbauer,Karl Sigmund Pdf

Every form of behaviour is shaped by trial and error. Such stepwise adaptation can occur through individual learning or through natural selection, the basis of evolution. Since the work of Maynard Smith and others, it has been realised how game theory can model this process. Evolutionary game theory replaces the static solutions of classical game theory by a dynamical approach centred not on the concept of rational players but on the population dynamics of behavioural programmes. In this book the authors investigate the nonlinear dynamics of the self-regulation of social and economic behaviour, and of the closely related interactions between species in ecological communities. Replicator equations describe how successful strategies spread and thereby create new conditions which can alter the basis of their success, i.e. to enable us to understand the strategic and genetic foundations of the endless chronicle of invasions and extinctions which punctuate evolution. In short, evolutionary game theory describes when to escalate a conflict, how to elicit cooperation, why to expect a balance of the sexes, and how to understand natural selection in mathematical terms.