Experimental Approaches To The Study Of Charity

Author : Daniel M. Oppenheimer,Christopher Y. Olivola
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 275 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2011-01-19
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781135234034

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Experimental Approaches to the Study of Charity by Daniel M. Oppenheimer,Christopher Y. Olivola Pdf

Americans donate over 300 billion dollars a year to charity, but the psychological factors that govern whether to give, and how much to give, are still not well understood. Our understanding of charitable giving is based primarily upon the intuitions of fundraisers or correlational data which cannot establish causal relationships. By contrast, the chapters in this book study charity using experimental methods in which the variables of interest are experimentally manipulated. As a result, it becomes possible to identify the causal factors that underlie giving, and to design effective intervention programs that can help increase the likelihood and amount that people contribute to a cause. For charitable organizations, this book examines the efficacy of fundraising strategies commonly used by nonprofits and makes concrete recommendations about how to make capital campaigns more efficient and effective. Moreover, a number of novel factors that influence giving are identified and explored, opening the door to exciting new avenues in fundraising. For researchers, this book breaks novel theoretical ground in our understanding of how charitable decisions are made. While the chapters focus on applications to charity, the emotional, social, and cognitive mechanisms explored herein all have more general implications for the study of psychology and behavioral economics. This book highlights some of the most intriguing, surprising, and enlightening experimental studies on the topic of donation behavior, opening up exciting pathways to cross-cutting the divide between theory and practice.

Author : Katherin A Rogers
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2022-03-29
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000545210

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The Experimental Approach to Free Will by Katherin A Rogers Pdf

Recently, psychologists and neurobiologists have conducted experiments taken to show that human beings do not have free will. Many, including a number of philosophers, assume that, even if science has not decided the free will question yet, it is just a matter of time. In The Experimental Approach to Free Will, Katherin A. Rogers accomplishes several tasks. First, canvasing the literature critical of these recent experiments (or of conclusions drawn from them) and adding new criticisms of her own, she shows why these experiments should not undermine belief in human freedom – even robust, libertarian freedom. Indeed, many of the experiments do not even connect with any philosophical understanding of free will. Through this discussion, she generates a long list of problems – ethical as well as practical – facing the attempt to study free will experimentally. With these problems highlighted, she shows that even in the distant future, supposing the brain sciences to have advanced far beyond where they are today, it will likely be impossible to settle the question of free will experimentally. She concludes that, since philosophy has not, and science cannot, settle the question of free will, it is more reasonable to suppose that humans do indeed have freedom. Brings together, and adds to, criticisms of recent experiments (or conclusions drawn from them) which supposedly show that human beings do not have free will Analyzes recent experiments supposedly related to human freedom through the lens of a philosophically informed portrait of a robust, libertarian free choice Develops a long list of problems – both practical and ethical – facing the experimental study of human freedom Proposes a thought experiment set in a distant future of advanced brain science to show that it is likely impossible for science ever to settle the question of free will.

Author : Fred D. Davis,René Riedl,Jan vom Brocke,Pierre-Majorique Léger,Adriane B. Randolph,Gernot R. Müller-Putz
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 362 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2022-12-02
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783031130649

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Information Systems and Neuroscience by Fred D. Davis,René Riedl,Jan vom Brocke,Pierre-Majorique Léger,Adriane B. Randolph,Gernot R. Müller-Putz Pdf

This book presents the proceedings of the NeuroIS Retreat 2022, June 14-16, Vienna, Austria, reporting on topics at the intersection of information systems (IS) research, neurophysiology and the brain sciences. Readers will discover the latest findings from top scholars in the field of NeuroIS, which offer detailed insights on the neurobiology underlying IS behavior, essential methods and tools and their applications for IS, as well as the application of neuroscience and neurophysiological theories to advance IS theory.

Author : Stefan Schubert,Lucius Caviola
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 193 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2024
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780197757376

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Effective Altruism and the Human Mind by Stefan Schubert,Lucius Caviola Pdf

"Humans are more altruistic than one might think. Many of us want to have a positive impact on the world. We donate to charity, volunteer for a good cause, or choose a career to make a difference. Annual US donations sum to $500 billion-about 2% of GDP-and no less than 25% of Americans volunteer for a good cause. People make real altruistic sacrifices on a scale that's often underappreciated."--

Author : Kevin Simler,Robin Hanson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780190495992

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The Elephant in the Brain by Kevin Simler,Robin Hanson Pdf

Human beings are primates, and primates are political animals. Our brains, therefore, are designed not just to hunt and gather, but also to help us get ahead socially, often via deception and self-deception. But while we may be self-interested schemers, we benefit by pretending otherwise. The less we know about our own ugly motives, the better - and thus we don't like to talk or even think about the extent of our selfishness. This is the elephant in the brain. Such an introspective taboo makes it hard for us to think clearly about our nature and the explanations for our behavior. The aim of this book, then, is to confront our hidden motives directly - to track down the darker, unexamined corners of our psyches and blast them with floodlights. Then, once everything is clearly visible, we can work to better understand ourselves: Why do we laugh? Why are artists sexy? Why do we brag about travel? Why do we prefer to speak rather than listen? Our unconscious motives drive more than just our private behavior; they also infect our venerated social institutions such as Art, School, Charity, Medicine, Politics, and Religion. In fact, these institutions are in many ways designed to accommodate our hidden motives, to serve covert agendas alongside their official ones. The existence of big hidden motives can upend the usual political debates, leading one to question the legitimacy of these social institutions, and of standard policies designed to favor or discourage them. You won't see yourself - or the world - the same after confronting the elephant in the brain.

Author : Kristian Myrseth,Conny Ernst-Peter Wollbrant,Gustav Tinghög
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 123 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2022-10-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832503256

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Advancing the Psychology of Pro-social Behavior—Altruism, Cooperation, Reciprocity, and Behavioral Ethics by Kristian Myrseth,Conny Ernst-Peter Wollbrant,Gustav Tinghög Pdf

Author : Catherine A. Sanderson,Karen R. Huffman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 930 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2023-04-11
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781119907220

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Psychological Science by Catherine A. Sanderson,Karen R. Huffman Pdf

Psychological Science: The Curious Mind, by award-winning authors and professors Catherine A. Sanderson and Karen Huffman, introduces 21st-century, digital-native students to the fascinating field of psychology. This new program emphasizes the importance of developing scientific literacy and an understanding of research and research methods. The program uses an inviting why-focused framework that taps into students' natural curiosity, incorporating active learning and real-life application to engage students. Psychological Science: The Curious Mind embraces the guidelines released by the American Psychological Association (APA)'s Introductory Psychology Initiative (IPI) in 2021. It provides an excellent framework for instructors who want to implement those guidelines in their Introductory Psychology courses, and it provides students with the content and motivation to achieve the course's ultimate outcome: an enduring, foundational understanding of psychological science.

Author : Michael J. Worth
Publisher : SAGE Publications
Page : 505 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2015-07-21
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781483393568

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Fundraising by Michael J. Worth Pdf

Fundraising: Principles and Practice provides readers with a comprehensive introduction to fundraising. Taking a balanced perspective, bestselling author Michael J. Worth offers insights on the practical application of relevant theory. The text is designed to engage readers in thinking critically about issues in fundraising and philanthropy to prepare them for careers in the nonprofit sector. Worth explores donor motivations and fundraising techniques for annual giving programs, major gift programs, planned giving, and corporate and foundation giving and campaigns. Traditional methods, including direct mail and personal solicitations, are discussed as well as new tools and practices, including online fundraising, crowd-funding and social networks, analytics, and predictive modeling. Written specifically for nonprofit career-oriented individuals, this book helps readers become successful fundraisers.

Author : Laurent Bègue
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2015-11-02
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780190250676

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The Psychology of Good and Evil by Laurent Bègue Pdf

In the 21st century, the concept of ethics may seem outdated or obsolete. But in reality, ethics is the omnipresent, ongoing discussion going on in our global communities today. Systematically, people condemn, sanction, demonize, and freely judge one another. As a result, by addressing the simplest of questions ("How do we act?" and "What do we think of others?"), laws are legislated and the moral code is created. But what is morality, exactly? And how does the moral code shape the story of our lives? Written from the perspective of a social psychologist, The Psychology of Good and Evil explores the answers to these big questions in fascinating detail, all while illuminating the inner workings of the human mind, human nature, and the foundations of our beliefs.

Author : Rob Ranyard
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2017-08-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781118926482

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Economic Psychology by Rob Ranyard Pdf

A comprehensive overview of contemporary economic psychology Economic Psychology presents an accessible overview of contemporary economic psychology. The science of economic mental life and behavior is increasingly relevant as people are expected to take more responsibility for their household and personal economic decisions. The text will, in addition to reviewing current knowledge on each topic presented, consider the practical and policy implications for supporting economic decision making. Economic Psychology examines the central aspects of adult decision making in everyday life and includes the theories of economic decision making based on risk, value and affect, and theories of intertemporal choice. The text reviews the nature and behavioral consequences of economic mental representations about such things as material possessions, money and the economy. The editor Robert Ranyard—a noted expert on economic psychology—presents a life-span developmental approach, from childhood to old age. He also reviews the important societal issues such as charitable giving and economic sustainability. This vital resource: Reviews the economic psychology in everyday life including financial behaviour such as saving and tax-paying and matters such as entrepreneurial activity Offers an introduction to the field and traces the emergence of the discipline, from Adam Smith to George Katona and Herbert Simon Includes information on societal issues such as charitable giving and pro-environmental behaviour Considers broader perspectives on economic psychology: life-span psychological development from childhood to old age Written for students of psychology, Economic Psychology reviews the most important information on contemporary economic psychology with a focus on individual and household economic decision making, ranging widely across financial matters such as borrowing and saving, and economic activities such as buying, trading, and working.

Author : Julie Emontspool,Ian Woodward
Publisher : Springer
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2017-12-13
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783319641799

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Cosmopolitanism, Markets, and Consumption by Julie Emontspool,Ian Woodward Pdf

This book addresses the complicated question of how markets and consumption create the possibilities for cross-cultural exchanges and the multicultural pleasures of omnivorous consumption, whilst at the same time building new boundaries and distinctions, paving the way for new exploitative relationships, and initiating novel modes of status and capital accumulation. The contributors identify that the divide between the economic and ethical dimensions of globalisation has never seemed in sharper relief. With the workings of global markets at odds with fostering cosmopolitan social change, this collection addresses the question of whether we should assume that market logics and consumptive practices conflict with cosmopolitan agendas. It also explores whether the imperatives of economic globalisation and individual consumption practices are opposed to cosmopolitan prospects for global solidarities. Cosmopolitanism, Markets and Consumption will be of interest to students and scholars across a range of disciplines including in the social sciences, businesses and marketing studies.

Author : Joachim I. Krueger
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781848729063

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Social Judgment and Decision Making by Joachim I. Krueger Pdf

First Published in 2012. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Author : J Steven Ott,Lisa Dicke
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 729 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2021-05-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000338072

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The Nature of the Nonprofit Sector by J Steven Ott,Lisa Dicke Pdf

The Nature of the Nonprofit Sector is a collection of insightful and influential classic and recent readings on the existence, forms, and functions of the nonprofit sector—the sector that sits between the market and government. The readings encompass a wide variety of perspectives and disciplines and cover everything from Andrew Carnegie’s turn-of-the-century philosophy of philanthropy to the most recent writings of current scholars and practitioners. Each of the text’s ten parts opens with a framing essay by the editors that provides an overview of the central themes and issues, as well as sometimes competing points of view. The fourth edition of this comprehensive volume includes both new and classic readings, as well as two new sections on the international NGO sector and theories about intersectoral relations. The Nature of the Nonprofit Sector, Fourth Edition is therefore an impressively up-to-date reader designed to provide students of nonprofit and public management with a thorough overview of this growing field.

Author : Beth Breeze
Publisher : Policy Press
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2017-10-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781447325000

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The New Fundraisers by Beth Breeze Pdf

Charitable fundraising has become ever more urgent in a time of extensive public spending cuts. However, while the identity and motivation of those who donate comes under increasingly close scrutiny, little is known about the motivation and characteristics of the ‘askers’, despite almost every donation being solicited or prompted in some way. This is the first empirically-grounded and theorised account of the identity, characteristics and motivation of fundraisers in the UK. Based on original data collected during a 3-year study of over 1,200 fundraisers, the book argues that it is not possible to understand charitable giving without accounting for the role of fundraising.

Author : Adam Waytz
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2019-06-25
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780393634778

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The Power of Human: How Our Shared Humanity Can Help Us Create a Better World by Adam Waytz Pdf

An urgent yet hopeful analysis of the surge in dehumanization, and how we can reverse it. The unprecedented access to other humans that technology provides has ironically freed us from engaging with them. Thanks to social media, we can know a campaigning politician’s platform; an avid traveler’s restaurant recommendations; and the daily emotional fluctuations of our friends without ever even picking up the phone. According to social psychologist Adam Waytz, our increasingly human-free lives come with a serious cost that we’ve already begun to pay: the loss of our humanity. Humans have superpowers. More than any other psychological stimulus, our presence can make experiences feel significant, inspire moral behavior, and encourage action. Recent studies suggest that we even have power over mortality—the survival rate of individuals with stronger social relationships has been found to be twice as high as those with weak relationships. The Power of Human shows us how to rehumanize and harness these unique abilities to improve our lives, beginning with our jobs. The remedy for the dehumanized worker is twofold. Employers, Waytz argues, must instill humanity into work by capitalizing on distinctly human skills, especially sociability and variability. Meanwhile, workers need to put to rest the idea that you are what you do and instead detach their personal identities from their occupations. Waytz offers a similarly science-based method to counter the rising threat that technology poses to our humanity, outlining how we can design human-machine partnerships that optimize the strengths of both parties. Finally, he reveals how, by humanizing intimacy and conflict in unexpected ways, we can strengthen relationships with both our friends and enemies. Essential reading for individuals and institutions alike, The Power of Human explains how we can solve one of our time’s biggest problems by better utilizing the influence we have on one another.