Experiments In Moral And Political Philosophy

Author : Hugo Viciana,Antonio Gaitán,Fernando Aguiar
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2023-07-31
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000928419

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Experiments in Moral and Political Philosophy by Hugo Viciana,Antonio Gaitán,Fernando Aguiar Pdf

This volume presents new research on the use of experimental methodologies in moral and social philosophy. The contributions reflect the growing plurality of methodologies and strategies for implementing experimental work on morality to new domains, problems, and topics. Philosophers are exploring the ways in which empirical approaches can transform our idea of the good, our understanding of the social nature of norms and morality, and our methods of fulfilling ethical goals. The chapters in this volume extend experimental work on morality to previously underexplored areas. The contributions in Part 1 explore the methods and foundations of experimental work in areas such as folk moral judgments, metaethical beliefs, moral explanations, and reflective equilibrium. Part 2 focuses on issues in normative ethics and legal and political philosophy such as virtue ethics, utilitarianism, theories of justice, and criminal responsibility. Finally, the chapters in Part 3 tackle various applied ethical issues, including feminist X-Phi, animal welfare, experimental bioethics, and self-driving cars. Experiments in Moral and Political Philosophy will be of interest to scholars and advanced students working in ethics, applied ethics, experimental philosophy, social and political philosophy, and philosophy of law. Chapter 1 and 15 of this book are available for free in PDF format as Open Access from the individual product page at www.taylorfrancis.com. They have been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

Author : Matthew Lindauer
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2023-09-21
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781350254275

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Advances in Experimental Political Philosophy by Matthew Lindauer Pdf

Political philosophy asks questions of great importance to our lives, both as individuals and members of political communities: What is justice? What does the state owe to its citizens? Under which conditions are different forms of government likely to be stable? The relevance of empirical research to such questions, however, has been largely underexplored. Introducing experimental political philosophy as a burgeoning field of inquiry, this volume brings together leading scholars using empirical methods to shed light on questions of justice and politics, and encourages them to reflect on the relationship of their methodologies to less empirically-focused approaches. Chapters cover traditional topics including distributive justice, egalitarianism, property rights, and healthcare justice, as well as outlining new directions and applications, such as the problem of misogynistic extremist movements, the public justification of immigration enforcement, and the relationship between gender norms and support for care labor organizing. The result is a unique collection that paves the way for further debates in the field and meaningful reflection on what it means for political philosophy to be empirically informed.

Author : Adrian Blau
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 347 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2017-05-18
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781107098794

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Methods in Analytical Political Theory by Adrian Blau Pdf

A guide to methods in analytical political theory, offering concrete advice and clear examples of good and bad practice.

Author : Bojan Borstner,Smiljana Gartner
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 490 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2017-06-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781443873154

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Thought Experiments between Nature and Society by Bojan Borstner,Smiljana Gartner Pdf

As a prominent figure in analytic philosophy of the 20th and 21st centuries, Nenad Miščević has enriched, enhanced, and expanded many areas of the field. This volume, dedicated to him for his 65th birthday, follows the virtues he so much respects – conceptual analysis, rigorous use of logics, and clear definitions – and applies them to a very hot topic in philosophy, thought experiments. Present throughout the history of philosophy, thought experiments have become indispensable for the discipline and for analytic philosophy in particular. But questions can be asked, as to what exactly is a thought experiment, what it consists of, and, most importantly, if it is even useful for philosophy. Next to these conceptual questions, this collection tackles thought experiments that have tradition, some of them very long, like The Ring of Gyges, The Social Contract, and Descartes’ Evil Demon. Others, like Twin Earth, Gettier cases and Brain-in-a-Vat thought experiments, have prompted at least half-a-century-long trails. One cannot understand contemporary analytic philosophy without understanding these trails and traditions. Nenad’s closest friends and colleagues, from all over Europe, share their thoughts on this topic in this book, followed diligently by Nenad’s comments on their work.

Author : Kwame Anthony Appiah
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2010-03-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780674252028

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Experiments in Ethics by Kwame Anthony Appiah Pdf

In the past few decades, scientists of human nature—including experimental and cognitive psychologists, neuroscientists, evolutionary theorists, and behavioral economists—have explored the way we arrive at moral judgments. They have called into question commonplaces about character and offered troubling explanations for various moral intuitions. Research like this may help explain what, in fact, we do and feel. But can it tell us what we ought to do or feel? In Experiments in Ethics, the philosopher Kwame Anthony Appiah explores how the new empirical moral psychology relates to the age-old project of philosophical ethics. Some moral theorists hold that the realm of morality must be autonomous of the sciences; others maintain that science undermines the authority of moral reasons. Appiah elaborates a vision of naturalism that resists both temptations. He traces an intellectual genealogy of the burgeoning discipline of "experimental philosophy," provides a balanced, lucid account of the work being done in this controversial and increasingly influential field, and offers a fresh way of thinking about ethics in the classical tradition. Appiah urges that the relation between empirical research and morality, now so often antagonistic, should be seen in terms of dialogue, not contest. And he shows how experimental philosophy, far from being something new, is actually as old as philosophy itself. Beyond illuminating debates about the connection between psychology and ethics, intuition and theory, his book helps us to rethink the very nature of the philosophical enterprise.

Author : Gregory Mitchell,Philip E. Tetlock
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1376849941

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Experimental Political Philosophy by Gregory Mitchell,Philip E. Tetlock Pdf

In this draft of a chapter forthcoming in a book on political psychology, we advocate blending thought experiments with laboratory experiments via a technique we call "the hypothetical society paradigm," which is designed to bring out the inferential advantages of both approaches while minimizing their disadvantages. We discuss the primary benefits of this technique and survey the principal empirical findings thus far obtained using this technique. We also discuss two categories of fruitful future applications of this and related techniques: (a) isolating sources of support and resistance to particular policy proposals with potentially profound societal implications; (b) helping to clarify boundary conditions for the applicability of competing and complementary psychological theories of justice.

Author : Jonathan Wolff,G. A. Cohen
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2013-10-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780691149004

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Lectures on the History of Moral and Political Philosophy by Jonathan Wolff,G. A. Cohen Pdf

Previously unpublished writings from one of the most important political philosophers of recent times G. A. Cohen was one of the leading political philosophers of recent times. He first came to wide attention in 1978 with the prize-winning book Karl Marx's Theory of History: A Defence. In subsequent decades his published writings largely turned away from the history of philosophy, focusing instead on equality, freedom, and justice. However, throughout his career he regularly lectured on a wide range of moral and political philosophers of the past. This volume collects these previously unpublished lectures. Starting with a chapter centered on Plato, but also discussing the pre-Socratics as well as Aristotle, the book moves to social contract theory as discussed by Hobbes, Locke, and Hume, and then continues with chapters on Kant, Hegel, and Nietzsche. The book also contains some previously published but uncollected papers on Marx, Hobbes, and Kant, among other figures. The collection concludes with a memoir of Cohen written by the volume editor, Jonathan Wolff, who was a student of Cohen's. A hallmark of the lectures is Cohen's engagement with the thinkers he discusses. Rather than simply trying to render their thought accessible to the modern reader, he tests whether their arguments and positions are clear, sound, and free from contradiction. Throughout, he homes in on central issues and provides fresh approaches to the philosophers he examines. Ultimately, these lectures teach us not only about some of the great thinkers in the history of moral and political philosophy, but also about one of the great thinkers of our time: Cohen himself.

Author : Susan Mendus
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 179 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2002-04-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780191522963

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Impartiality in Moral and Political Philosophy by Susan Mendus Pdf

The debate between impartialists and their critics has dominated both moral and political philosophy for over a decade. Characteristically, impartialists argue that any sensible form of impartialism can accommodate the partial concerns we have for others. By contrast, partialists deny that this is so. They see the division as one which runs exceedingly deep and argue that, at the limit, impartialist thinking requires that we marginalise those concerns and commitments that make our lives meaningful. This book attempts to show both that the dispute between impartialists and their critics runs very deep, and that it can nonetheless be resolved. The resolution begins by asking how impartialist political philosophy can defend the priority of justice when it conflicts with people's commitments to their conceptions of the good. It is argued that priority can only defended if political impartialism has a moral foundation, and that moral foundation must not be a foundation in the ideal of equality (as is often thought), but a foundation in the partial concerns we have for others. In short, impartialist moral philosophy must take our partial concerns as central if it is to gain allegiance. However, if it does take our partial concerns as central, then it can generate a defence of political impartialism which shows why justice must take priority, but which also acknowledges that pluralism about the good is permanent.

Author : Susan Mendus
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Ethics
ISBN : OCLC:149896683

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Impartiality in Moral and Political Philosophy by Susan Mendus Pdf

Author : C. Lütge,H. Rusch,M. Uhl,Christoph Luetge
Publisher : Springer
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2014-09-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781137409805

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Experimental Ethics by C. Lütge,H. Rusch,M. Uhl,Christoph Luetge Pdf

Moral philosophy is no longer being pursued from arm-chairs. Instead, ethical questions are dissected in the experimental lab. This volume enables its readers to immerse themselves into Experimental Ethics' history, its current topics and future perspectives, its methodology, and the criticism it is subject to.

Author : Cheryl Misak
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2002-02-07
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781134826186

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Truth, Politics, Morality by Cheryl Misak Pdf

Cheryl Misak argues that truth ought to be reinstated to a central position in moral and political philosophy. She argues that the correct account of truth is one found in a certain kind of pragmatism: a true belief is one upon which inquiry could not improve, a belief which would not be defeated by experience and argument. This account is not only an improvement on the views of central figures such as Rawls and Habermas, but it can also make sense of the idea that, despite conflict, pluralism, and the expression of difference, our moral and political beliefs aim at truth and can be subject to criticism. Anyone interested in a fresh discussion of political theory and philosophy will find this a fascinating read.

Author : Jonathan Wolff
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2019-08-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351128643

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Ethics and Public Policy by Jonathan Wolff Pdf

Ethics and Public Policy: A Philosophical Inquiry, second edition subjects important and controversial areas of public policy to philosophical scrutiny. Jonathan Wolff, a renowned philosopher and veteran of many public committees, introduces and assesses core problems and controversies in public policy from a philosophical standpoint. Each chapter focuses on an important area of public policy where there is considerable moral and political disagreement. Topics discussed include: • Can we defend inflicting suffering on animals in scientific experiments for human benefit? • What limits to gambling can be achieved through legislation? • What assumptions underlie drug policy? Can we justify punishing those who engage in actions that harm only themselves? • What is so bad about crime? What is the point of punishment? Other chapters discuss health care, disability, safety, and the free market. Throughout the book, fundamental questions for both philosopher and policy maker recur: what are the best methods for connecting philosophy and public policy? Should thinking about public policy be guided by an ‘an ideal world’ or the world we live in now? If there are ‘knock down’ arguments in philosophy why are there none in public policy? Revised throughout to reflect changes in policy and research, this second edition includes four new chapters, on risky new technologies, the future of work, poverty, and immigration. Each chapter concludes with ‘Lessons for Philosophy’ making this book not only an ideal introduction for those coming to philosophy, ethics, or public policy for the first time, but also a vital resource for anyone grappling with the moral complexity underlying policy debates.

Author : Ed Gibney
Publisher : Lulu.com
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2024-05-04
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781105696602

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Evolutionary Philosophy by Ed Gibney Pdf

Author : Felix E. Oppenheim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1976
Category : Political ethics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105036895915

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Moral Principles in Political Philosophy by Felix E. Oppenheim Pdf

Author : Justin Sytsma,Jonathan Livengood
Publisher : Broadview Press
Page : 505 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2015-11-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781460402887

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The Theory and Practice of Experimental Philosophy by Justin Sytsma,Jonathan Livengood Pdf

In recent years, developments in experimental philosophy have led many thinkers to reconsider their central assumptions and methods. It is not enough to speculate and introspect from the armchair—philosophers must subject their claims to scientific scrutiny, looking at evidence and in some cases conducting new empirical research. The Theory and Practice of Experimental Philosophy is an introduction and guide to the systematic collection and analysis of empirical data in academic philosophy. This book serves two purposes: first, it examines the theory behind “x-phi,” including its underlying motivations and the objections that have been leveled against it. Second, the book offers a practical guide for those interested in doing experimental philosophy, detailing how to design, implement, and analyze empirical studies. Thus, the book explains the reasoning behind x-phi and provides tools to help readers become experimental philosophers.