Explainable Artificial Intelligence

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Interpretable Machine Learning

Author : Christoph Molnar
Publisher : Lulu.com
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : Artificial intelligence
ISBN : 9780244768522

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Interpretable Machine Learning by Christoph Molnar Pdf

This book is about making machine learning models and their decisions interpretable. After exploring the concepts of interpretability, you will learn about simple, interpretable models such as decision trees, decision rules and linear regression. Later chapters focus on general model-agnostic methods for interpreting black box models like feature importance and accumulated local effects and explaining individual predictions with Shapley values and LIME. All interpretation methods are explained in depth and discussed critically. How do they work under the hood? What are their strengths and weaknesses? How can their outputs be interpreted? This book will enable you to select and correctly apply the interpretation method that is most suitable for your machine learning project.

Explainable AI: Interpreting, Explaining and Visualizing Deep Learning

Author : Wojciech Samek,Grégoire Montavon,Andrea Vedaldi,Lars Kai Hansen,Klaus-Robert Müller
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 435 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2019-09-10
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783030289546

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Explainable AI: Interpreting, Explaining and Visualizing Deep Learning by Wojciech Samek,Grégoire Montavon,Andrea Vedaldi,Lars Kai Hansen,Klaus-Robert Müller Pdf

The development of “intelligent” systems that can take decisions and perform autonomously might lead to faster and more consistent decisions. A limiting factor for a broader adoption of AI technology is the inherent risks that come with giving up human control and oversight to “intelligent” machines. For sensitive tasks involving critical infrastructures and affecting human well-being or health, it is crucial to limit the possibility of improper, non-robust and unsafe decisions and actions. Before deploying an AI system, we see a strong need to validate its behavior, and thus establish guarantees that it will continue to perform as expected when deployed in a real-world environment. In pursuit of that objective, ways for humans to verify the agreement between the AI decision structure and their own ground-truth knowledge have been explored. Explainable AI (XAI) has developed as a subfield of AI, focused on exposing complex AI models to humans in a systematic and interpretable manner. The 22 chapters included in this book provide a timely snapshot of algorithms, theory, and applications of interpretable and explainable AI and AI techniques that have been proposed recently reflecting the current discourse in this field and providing directions of future development. The book is organized in six parts: towards AI transparency; methods for interpreting AI systems; explaining the decisions of AI systems; evaluating interpretability and explanations; applications of explainable AI; and software for explainable AI.

Principles and Methods of Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Author : Albuquerque, Victor Hugo C. de,Srinivasu, P. Naga,Bhoi, Akash Kumar,Briones, Alfonso Gonza?lez
Publisher : IGI Global
Page : 347 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2022-05-20
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781668437926

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Principles and Methods of Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare by Albuquerque, Victor Hugo C. de,Srinivasu, P. Naga,Bhoi, Akash Kumar,Briones, Alfonso Gonza?lez Pdf

Explainable artificial intelligence is proficient in operating and analyzing the unconstrainted environment in fields like robotic medicine, robotic treatment, and robotic surgery, which rely on computational vision for analyzing complex situations. Explainable artificial intelligence is a well-structured customizable technology that makes it possible to generate promising unbiased outcomes. The model’s adaptability facilitates the management of heterogeneous healthcare data and the visualization of biological structures through virtual reality. Explainable artificial intelligence has newfound applications in the healthcare industry, such as clinical trial matching, continuous healthcare monitoring, probabilistic evolutions, and evidence-based mechanisms. Principles and Methods of Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare discusses explainable artificial intelligence and its applications in healthcare, providing a broad overview of state-of-the-art approaches for accurate analysis and diagnosis. The book also encompasses computational vision processing techniques that handle complex data like physiological information, electronic healthcare records, and medical imaging data that assist in earlier prediction. Covering topics such as neural networks and disease detection, this reference work is ideal for industry professionals, practitioners, academicians, researchers, scholars, instructors, and students.

Deep Learning in Gaming and Animations

Author : Vikas Chaudhary,Moolchand Sharma,Prerna Sharma,Deevyankar Agarwal
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2021-12-07
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781000504378

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Deep Learning in Gaming and Animations by Vikas Chaudhary,Moolchand Sharma,Prerna Sharma,Deevyankar Agarwal Pdf

Over the last decade, progress in deep learning has had a profound and transformational effect on many complex problems, including speech recognition, machine translation, natural language understanding, and computer vision. As a result, computers can now achieve human-competitive performance in a wide range of perception and recognition tasks. Many of these systems are now available to the programmer via a range of so-called cognitive services. More recently, deep reinforcement learning has achieved ground-breaking success in several complex challenges. This book makes an enormous contribution to this beautiful, vibrant area of study: an area that is developing rapidly both in breadth and depth. Deep learning can cope with a broader range of tasks (and perform those tasks to increasing levels of excellence). This book lays a good foundation for the core concepts and principles of deep learning in gaming and animation, walking you through the fundamental ideas with expert ease. This book progresses in a step-by-step manner. It reinforces theory with a full-fledged pedagogy designed to enhance students' understanding and offer them a practical insight into its applications. Also, some chapters introduce and cover novel ideas about how artificial intelligence (AI), deep learning, and machine learning have changed the world in gaming and animation. It gives us the idea that AI can also be applied in gaming, and there are limited textbooks in this area. This book comprehensively addresses all the aspects of AI and deep learning in gaming. Also, each chapter follows a similar structure so that students, teachers, and industry experts can orientate themselves within the text. There are few books in the field of gaming using AI. Deep Learning in Gaming and Animations teaches you how to apply the power of deep learning to build complex reasoning tasks. After being exposed to the foundations of machine and deep learning, you will use Python to build a bot and then teach it the game's rules. This book also focuses on how different technologies have revolutionized gaming and animation with various illustrations.

Explainable AI Within the Digital Transformation and Cyber Physical Systems

Author : Moamar Sayed-Mouchaweh
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 201 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2021-10-30
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030764098

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Explainable AI Within the Digital Transformation and Cyber Physical Systems by Moamar Sayed-Mouchaweh Pdf

This book presents Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), which aims at producing explainable models that enable human users to understand and appropriately trust the obtained results. The authors discuss the challenges involved in making machine learning-based AI explainable. Firstly, that the explanations must be adapted to different stakeholders (end-users, policy makers, industries, utilities etc.) with different levels of technical knowledge (managers, engineers, technicians, etc.) in different application domains. Secondly, that it is important to develop an evaluation framework and standards in order to measure the effectiveness of the provided explanations at the human and the technical levels. This book gathers research contributions aiming at the development and/or the use of XAI techniques in order to address the aforementioned challenges in different applications such as healthcare, finance, cybersecurity, and document summarization. It allows highlighting the benefits and requirements of using explainable models in different application domains in order to provide guidance to readers to select the most adapted models to their specified problem and conditions. Includes recent developments of the use of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) in order to address the challenges of digital transition and cyber-physical systems; Provides a textual scientific description of the use of XAI in order to address the challenges of digital transition and cyber-physical systems; Presents examples and case studies in order to increase transparency and understanding of the methodological concepts.

Explainable AI with Python

Author : Leonida Gianfagna,Antonio Di Cecco
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2021-04-28
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783030686406

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Explainable AI with Python by Leonida Gianfagna,Antonio Di Cecco Pdf

This book provides a full presentation of the current concepts and available techniques to make “machine learning” systems more explainable. The approaches presented can be applied to almost all the current “machine learning” models: linear and logistic regression, deep learning neural networks, natural language processing and image recognition, among the others. Progress in Machine Learning is increasing the use of artificial agents to perform critical tasks previously handled by humans (healthcare, legal and finance, among others). While the principles that guide the design of these agents are understood, most of the current deep-learning models are "opaque" to human understanding. Explainable AI with Python fills the current gap in literature on this emerging topic by taking both a theoretical and a practical perspective, making the reader quickly capable of working with tools and code for Explainable AI. Beginning with examples of what Explainable AI (XAI) is and why it is needed in the field, the book details different approaches to XAI depending on specific context and need. Hands-on work on interpretable models with specific examples leveraging Python are then presented, showing how intrinsic interpretable models can be interpreted and how to produce “human understandable” explanations. Model-agnostic methods for XAI are shown to produce explanations without relying on ML models internals that are “opaque.” Using examples from Computer Vision, the authors then look at explainable models for Deep Learning and prospective methods for the future. Taking a practical perspective, the authors demonstrate how to effectively use ML and XAI in science. The final chapter explains Adversarial Machine Learning and how to do XAI with adversarial examples.

Hands-On Explainable AI (XAI) with Python

Author : Denis Rothman
Publisher : Packt Publishing Ltd
Page : 455 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2020-07-31
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781800202764

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Hands-On Explainable AI (XAI) with Python by Denis Rothman Pdf

Resolve the black box models in your AI applications to make them fair, trustworthy, and secure. Familiarize yourself with the basic principles and tools to deploy Explainable AI (XAI) into your apps and reporting interfaces. Key FeaturesLearn explainable AI tools and techniques to process trustworthy AI resultsUnderstand how to detect, handle, and avoid common issues with AI ethics and biasIntegrate fair AI into popular apps and reporting tools to deliver business value using Python and associated toolsBook Description Effectively translating AI insights to business stakeholders requires careful planning, design, and visualization choices. Describing the problem, the model, and the relationships among variables and their findings are often subtle, surprising, and technically complex. Hands-On Explainable AI (XAI) with Python will see you work with specific hands-on machine learning Python projects that are strategically arranged to enhance your grasp on AI results analysis. You will be building models, interpreting results with visualizations, and integrating XAI reporting tools and different applications. You will build XAI solutions in Python, TensorFlow 2, Google Cloud’s XAI platform, Google Colaboratory, and other frameworks to open up the black box of machine learning models. The book will introduce you to several open-source XAI tools for Python that can be used throughout the machine learning project life cycle. You will learn how to explore machine learning model results, review key influencing variables and variable relationships, detect and handle bias and ethics issues, and integrate predictions using Python along with supporting the visualization of machine learning models into user explainable interfaces. By the end of this AI book, you will possess an in-depth understanding of the core concepts of XAI. What you will learnPlan for XAI through the different stages of the machine learning life cycleEstimate the strengths and weaknesses of popular open-source XAI applicationsExamine how to detect and handle bias issues in machine learning dataReview ethics considerations and tools to address common problems in machine learning dataShare XAI design and visualization best practicesIntegrate explainable AI results using Python modelsUse XAI toolkits for Python in machine learning life cycles to solve business problemsWho this book is for This book is not an introduction to Python programming or machine learning concepts. You must have some foundational knowledge and/or experience with machine learning libraries such as scikit-learn to make the most out of this book. Some of the potential readers of this book include: Professionals who already use Python for as data science, machine learning, research, and analysisData analysts and data scientists who want an introduction into explainable AI tools and techniquesAI Project managers who must face the contractual and legal obligations of AI Explainability for the acceptance phase of their applications

Explainable Artificial Intelligence Based on Neuro-Fuzzy Modeling with Applications in Finance

Author : Tom Rutkowski
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 167 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2021-06-07
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030755218

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Explainable Artificial Intelligence Based on Neuro-Fuzzy Modeling with Applications in Finance by Tom Rutkowski Pdf

The book proposes techniques, with an emphasis on the financial sector, which will make recommendation systems both accurate and explainable. The vast majority of AI models work like black box models. However, in many applications, e.g., medical diagnosis or venture capital investment recommendations, it is essential to explain the rationale behind AI systems decisions or recommendations. Therefore, the development of artificial intelligence cannot ignore the need for interpretable, transparent, and explainable models. First, the main idea of the explainable recommenders is outlined within the background of neuro-fuzzy systems. In turn, various novel recommenders are proposed, each characterized by achieving high accuracy with a reasonable number of interpretable fuzzy rules. The main part of the book is devoted to a very challenging problem of stock market recommendations. An original concept of the explainable recommender, based on patterns from previous transactions, is developed; it recommends stocks that fit the strategy of investors, and its recommendations are explainable for investment advisers.

Explainable AI: Foundations, Methodologies and Applications

Author : Mayuri Mehta,Vasile Palade,Indranath Chatterjee
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2022-10-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783031128073

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Explainable AI: Foundations, Methodologies and Applications by Mayuri Mehta,Vasile Palade,Indranath Chatterjee Pdf

This book presents an overview and several applications of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). It covers different aspects related to explainable artificial intelligence, such as the need to make the AI models interpretable, how black box machine/deep learning models can be understood using various XAI methods, different evaluation metrics for XAI, human-centered explainable AI, and applications of explainable AI in health care, security surveillance, transportation, among other areas. The book is suitable for students and academics aiming to build up their background on explainable AI and can guide them in making machine/deep learning models more transparent. The book can be used as a reference book for teaching a graduate course on artificial intelligence, applied machine learning, or neural networks. Researchers working in the area of AI can use this book to discover the recent developments in XAI. Besides its use in academia, this book could be used by practitioners in AI industries, healthcare industries, medicine, autonomous vehicles, and security surveillance, who would like to develop AI techniques and applications with explanations.

Interpretable Artificial Intelligence: A Perspective of Granular Computing

Author : Witold Pedrycz,Shyi-Ming Chen
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2021-03-26
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030649494

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Interpretable Artificial Intelligence: A Perspective of Granular Computing by Witold Pedrycz,Shyi-Ming Chen Pdf

This book offers a comprehensive treatise on the recent pursuits of Artificial Intelligence (AI) – Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) by casting the crucial features of interpretability and explainability in the original framework of Granular Computing. The innovative perspective established with the aid of information granules provides a high level of human centricity and transparency central to the development of AI constructs. The chapters reflect the breadth of the area and cover recent developments in the methodology, advanced algorithms and applications of XAI to visual analytics, knowledge representation, learning and interpretation. The book appeals to a broad audience including researchers and practitioners interested in gaining exposure to the rapidly growing body of knowledge in AI and intelligent systems.

Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Smart Cities

Author : Mohamed Lahby,Utku Kose,Akash Kumar Bhoi
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2021-11-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781000472363

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Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Smart Cities by Mohamed Lahby,Utku Kose,Akash Kumar Bhoi Pdf

Thanks to rapid technological developments in terms of Computational Intelligence, smart tools have been playing active roles in daily life. It is clear that the 21st century has brought about many advantages in using high-level computation and communication solutions to deal with real-world problems; however, more technologies bring more changes to society. In this sense, the concept of smart cities has been a widely discussed topic in terms of society and Artificial Intelligence-oriented research efforts. The rise of smart cities is a transformation of both community and technology use habits, and there are many different research orientations to shape a better future. The objective of this book is to focus on Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) in smart city development. As recently designed, advanced smart systems require intense use of complex computational solutions (i.e., Deep Learning, Big Data, IoT architectures), the mechanisms of these systems become ‘black-box’ to users. As this means that there is no clear clue about what is going on within these systems, anxieties regarding ensuring trustworthy tools also rise. In recent years, attempts have been made to solve this issue with the additional use of XAI methods to improve transparency levels. This book provides a timely, global reference source about cutting-edge research efforts to ensure the XAI factor in smart city-oriented developments. The book includes both positive and negative outcomes, as well as future insights and the societal and technical aspects of XAI-based smart city research efforts. This book contains nineteen contributions beginning with a presentation of the background of XAI techniques and sustainable smart-city applications. It then continues with chapters discussing XAI for Smart Healthcare, Smart Education, Smart Transportation, Smart Environment, Smart Urbanization and Governance, and Cyber Security for Smart Cities.

Explainable Artificial Intelligence

Author : Luca Longo
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 711 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2023-12-05
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783031440649

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Explainable Artificial Intelligence by Luca Longo Pdf

This three-volume set constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First World Conference on Explainable Artificial Intelligence, xAI 2023, held in Lisbon, Portugal, in July 2023. The 94 papers presented were thoroughly reviewed and selected from the 220 qualified submissions. They are organized in the following topical sections: ​ Part I: Interdisciplinary perspectives, approaches and strategies for xAI; Model-agnostic explanations, methods and techniques for xAI, Causality and Explainable AI; Explainable AI in Finance, cybersecurity, health-care and biomedicine. Part II: Surveys, benchmarks, visual representations and applications for xAI; xAI for decision-making and human-AI collaboration, for Machine Learning on Graphs with Ontologies and Graph Neural Networks; Actionable eXplainable AI, Semantics and explainability, and Explanations for Advice-Giving Systems. Part III: xAI for time series and Natural Language Processing; Human-centered explanations and xAI for Trustworthy and Responsible AI; Explainable and Interpretable AI with Argumentation, Representational Learning and concept extraction for xAI.

Knowledge Graphs for eXplainable Artificial Intelligence: Foundations, Applications and Challenges

Author : I. Tiddi,F. Lécué,P. Hitzler
Publisher : IOS Press
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2020-05-06
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781643680811

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Knowledge Graphs for eXplainable Artificial Intelligence: Foundations, Applications and Challenges by I. Tiddi,F. Lécué,P. Hitzler Pdf

The latest advances in Artificial Intelligence and (deep) Machine Learning in particular revealed a major drawback of modern intelligent systems, namely the inability to explain their decisions in a way that humans can easily understand. While eXplainable AI rapidly became an active area of research in response to this need for improved understandability and trustworthiness, the field of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KRR) has on the other hand a long-standing tradition in managing information in a symbolic, human-understandable form. This book provides the first comprehensive collection of research contributions on the role of knowledge graphs for eXplainable AI (KG4XAI), and the papers included here present academic and industrial research focused on the theory, methods and implementations of AI systems that use structured knowledge to generate reliable explanations. Introductory material on knowledge graphs is included for those readers with only a minimal background in the field, as well as specific chapters devoted to advanced methods, applications and case-studies that use knowledge graphs as a part of knowledge-based, explainable systems (KBX-systems). The final chapters explore current challenges and future research directions in the area of knowledge graphs for eXplainable AI. The book not only provides a scholarly, state-of-the-art overview of research in this subject area, but also fosters the hybrid combination of symbolic and subsymbolic AI methods, and will be of interest to all those working in the field.

Explainable and Interpretable Models in Computer Vision and Machine Learning

Author : Hugo Jair Escalante,Sergio Escalera,Isabelle Guyon,Xavier Baró,Yağmur Güçlütürk,Umut Güçlü,Marcel van Gerven
Publisher : Springer
Page : 299 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2018-11-29
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783319981314

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Explainable and Interpretable Models in Computer Vision and Machine Learning by Hugo Jair Escalante,Sergio Escalera,Isabelle Guyon,Xavier Baró,Yağmur Güçlütürk,Umut Güçlü,Marcel van Gerven Pdf

This book compiles leading research on the development of explainable and interpretable machine learning methods in the context of computer vision and machine learning. Research progress in computer vision and pattern recognition has led to a variety of modeling techniques with almost human-like performance. Although these models have obtained astounding results, they are limited in their explainability and interpretability: what is the rationale behind the decision made? what in the model structure explains its functioning? Hence, while good performance is a critical required characteristic for learning machines, explainability and interpretability capabilities are needed to take learning machines to the next step to include them in decision support systems involving human supervision. This book, written by leading international researchers, addresses key topics of explainability and interpretability, including the following: · Evaluation and Generalization in Interpretable Machine Learning · Explanation Methods in Deep Learning · Learning Functional Causal Models with Generative Neural Networks · Learning Interpreatable Rules for Multi-Label Classification · Structuring Neural Networks for More Explainable Predictions · Generating Post Hoc Rationales of Deep Visual Classification Decisions · Ensembling Visual Explanations · Explainable Deep Driving by Visualizing Causal Attention · Interdisciplinary Perspective on Algorithmic Job Candidate Search · Multimodal Personality Trait Analysis for Explainable Modeling of Job Interview Decisions · Inherent Explainability Pattern Theory-based Video Event Interpretations

Practical Explainable AI Using Python

Author : Pradeepta Mishra
Publisher : Apress
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2021-12-15
Category : Computers
ISBN : 1484271572

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Practical Explainable AI Using Python by Pradeepta Mishra Pdf

Learn the ins and outs of decisions, biases, and reliability of AI algorithms and how to make sense of these predictions. This book explores the so-called black-box models to boost the adaptability, interpretability, and explainability of the decisions made by AI algorithms using frameworks such as Python XAI libraries, TensorFlow 2.0+, Keras, and custom frameworks using Python wrappers. You'll begin with an introduction to model explainability and interpretability basics, ethical consideration, and biases in predictions generated by AI models. Next, you'll look at methods and systems to interpret linear, non-linear, and time-series models used in AI. The book will also cover topics ranging from interpreting to understanding how an AI algorithm makes a decision Further, you will learn the most complex ensemble models, explainability, and interpretability using frameworks such as Lime, SHAP, Skater, ELI5, etc. Moving forward, you will be introduced to model explainability for unstructured data, classification problems, and natural language processing–related tasks. Additionally, the book looks at counterfactual explanations for AI models. Practical Explainable AI Using Python shines the light on deep learning models, rule-based expert systems, and computer vision tasks using various XAI frameworks. What You'll Learn Review the different ways of making an AI model interpretable and explainable Examine the biasness and good ethical practices of AI models Quantify, visualize, and estimate reliability of AI models Design frameworks to unbox the black-box models Assess the fairness of AI models Understand the building blocks of trust in AI models Increase the level of AI adoption Who This Book Is For AI engineers, data scientists, and software developers involved in driving AI projects/ AI products.