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Explaining Colombia’s late Left Turn by Daniela Forero Nuñez Pdf
Between 2005 and 2008, the share of Latin American presidents from a right-wing party fell to 33%, compared to 64% in the early 1990s. By 2009, more than two-thirds of the countries in the region had a president from a left- or center-left party. Despite common sociopolitical and economic developments with its neighboring countries, Colombia elected a leftist president – for the first time in its modern history – only this year. The present paper examines the factors that might explain Colombia’s comparatively late political Left Turn. To this end, it explores the historic conditions that hindered the consolidation of a leftist political party or coalition with broad electoral support until the foundation of the Historic Pact for Colombia. Moreover, it draws attention to the recent social, political and economic developments that have fostered the expansion of this left-wing coalition yet considering that the efforts to cement a leftist political alternative date back to the last century.
Social and Political Transitions During the Left Turn in Latin America by Karen Silva-Torres,Carolina Rozo-Higuera,Daniel S. Leon Pdf
Social and Political Transitions During the Left Turn in Latin America provides fourteen contributions to understand, from a multidisciplinary perspective, processes of socio-political reconfigurations in the region from the early 2000s to the mid-2010s. The Left Turn was the regional shift to left-of-center governments and social movements that sought to replace the neoliberal policies of the 1990s. This volume aims to answer the overarching research question: how do state and societal (national and transnational) actors trigger and shape processes of political and socio-economic transitions in Latin America from the rise to the decline of the Left Turn. The book presents case studies in which transitions are moments of change and uncertainty, which one cannot predict their definitive outcomes. The various case studies presented in the book place actors and processes in specific historical and socio-political contexts, which are influenced directly or indirectly by the historical trajectory of Latin America’s Left Turn. This book is essential reading for students and scholars of Social and Political History, Latin American History, and those interested in the social and political developments in Latin America more broadly.
Legacies of the Left Turn in Latin America by Manuel Balán,Françoise Montambeault Pdf
Legacies of the Left Turn in Latin America: The Promise of Inclusive Citizenship contains original essays by a diverse group of leading and emerging scholars from North America, Europe, and Latin America. The book speaks to wide-ranging debates on democracy, the left, and citizenship in Latin America. What were the effects of a decade and a half of left and center-left governments? The central purpose of this book is to evaluate both the positive and negative effects of the Left turn on state-society relations and inclusion. Promises of social inclusion and the expansion of citizenship rights were paramount to the center-left discourses upon the factions' arrival to power in the late 1990s and early 2000s. This book is a first step in understanding to what extent these initial promises were or were not fulfilled, and why. In analyzing these issues, the authors demonstrate that these years yield both signs of progress in some areas and the deepening of historical problems in others. The contributors to this book reveal variation among and within countries, and across policy and issue areas such as democratic institution reforms, human rights, minorities’ rights, environmental questions, and violence. This focus on issues rather than countries distinguishes the book from other recent volumes on the left in Latin America, and the book will speak to a broad and multi-dimensional audience, both inside and outside the academic world. Contributors: Manuel Balán, Françoise Montambeault, Philip Oxhorn, Maxwell A. Cameron, Kenneth M. Roberts, Nathalia Sandoval-Rojas, Daniel M. Brinks, Benjamin Goldfrank, Roberta Rice, Elizabeth Jelin, Celina Van Dembroucke, Nora Nagels, Merike Blofield, Jordi Díez, Eve Bratman, Gabriel Kessler, Olivier Dabène, Jared Abbott, Steve Levitsky
The long journey of Columbia's Left toward victory at the polls by Daniela Forero Nuñez Pdf
Seminar paper from the year 2022 in the subject Politics - Region: Middle and South America, grade: 1,3, University of Frankfurt (Main) (Political Science), course: Demokratie und (Ent-)Demokratisierung in Lateinamerika, language: English, abstract: The present paper examines the factors that might explain Colombia’s comparatively late political Left Turn. To this end, it explores the historic conditions that hindered the consolidation of a leftist political party or coalition with broad electoral support until the foundation of the Historic Pact for Colombia. Moreover, it draws attention to the recent social, political and economic developments that have fostered the expansion of this left-wing coalition yet considering that the efforts to cement a leftist political alternative date back to the last century. Between 2005 and 2008, the share of Latin American presidents from a right-wing party fell to 33%, compared to 64% in the early 1990s. By 2009, more than two-thirds of the countries in the region had a president from a left- or center-left party. Despite common sociopolitical and economic developments with its neighboring countries, Colombia elected a leftist president – for the first time in its modern history – only this year.
The Resurgence of the Latin American Left by Steven Levitsky,Kenneth M. Roberts Pdf
Latin America experienced an unprecedented wave of left-leaning governments between 1998 and 2010. This volume examines the causes of this leftward turn and the consequences it carries for the region in the twenty-first century. The Resurgence of the Latin American Left asks three central questions: Why have left-wing parties and candidates flourished in Latin America? How have these leftist parties governed, particularly in terms of social and economic policy? What effects has the rise of the Left had on democracy and development in the region? The book addresses these questions through two sections. The first looks at several major themes regarding the contemporary Latin American Left, including whether Latin American public opinion actually shifted leftward in the 2000s, why the Left won in some countries but not in others, and how the left turn has affected market economies, social welfare, popular participation in politics, and citizenship rights. The second section examines social and economic policy and regime trajectories in eight cases: those of leftist governments in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Uruguay, and Venezuela, as well as that of a historically populist party that governed on the right in Peru. Featuring a new typology of Left parties in Latin America, an original framework for identifying and categorizing variation among these governments, and contributions from prominent and influential scholars of Latin American politics, this historical-institutional approach to understanding the region’s left turn—and variation within it—is the most comprehensive explanation to date on the topic.
Teaching for Aesthetic Experience by Gene Diaz,Martha McKenna Pdf
The artist/educators in this book invite you to come with them on a journey of discovery into the meaning of teaching for aesthetic experience. With learning as their art, they create educational encounters with passion and feeling, and leave their students with vivid impressions, growth, and change. Each author engages in aesthetic experience from an individual perspective - as poet, dancer, visual artist, or musician - and each of them engages as an educator who brings art into his or her classroom, no matter what the subject. Inspired by the words of philosopher Maxine Greene, the contributors transform the theoretical into the practical, urging students to look to the arts and nature for simple beauty, and awaken their minds to new possibilities of creative learning.
Social Rights and the Constitutional Moment by Koldo Casla,Magdalena Sepúlveda,Vicente Silva,Valentina Contreras Pdf
Chile's constitutional moment began as a popular demand in late 2019. This collection seizes the opportunity of this unique moment to unpack the context, difficulties, opportunities, and merits to enhance the status of environmental and social rights (health, housing, education and social security) in a country's constitution. Learning from Chilean and international experiences from the Global South and North, and drawing on the analysis of both academics and practitioners, the book provides rigorous answers to the fundamental questions raised by the construction of a new constitutional bill of rights that embraces climate and social justice. With an international and comparative perspective, chapters look at issues such as political economy, the judicial enforceability of social rights, implications of the privatisation of public services, and the importance of active participation of most vulnerable groups in a constitutional drafting process. Ahead of the referendum on a new constitution for Chile in the second half of 2022, this collection is timely and relevant and will have direct impact on how best to legislate effectively for social rights in Chile and beyond.
This work is a collection of twenty-five articles previously published in Global Governance - one from each year of the journal’s existence – highlighting some of the best work published in the journal, along with an Introduction by the two editors Kurt Mills and Kendall Stiles.
State Crisis in Fragile Democracies by Samuel Handlin Pdf
This book develops a new political-institutional explanation of South America's 'two lefts' and the divergent fates of the region's democratic regimes.
Challenging the U.S.-Led War on Drugs by Sebastián Antonino Cutrona Pdf
Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Introduction: The U.S. Counter-Narcotics Strategy in the Americas -- 1 The Emergence and Consolidation of the Standard Security Model: Exploring the Colombian Case -- 2 1983-1989: The Alfonsín Administration -- 3 1989-1999: The Menem Administration -- 4 1999-2015: The Kirchners' Administrations -- 5 The Drug Problem Today -- Conclusions: Lessons from Deviance -- Epilogue: The Macri Administration -- Index
A timely, evocative account of a reporter's reckoning with her homeland's volatile past Growing up in the coastal city of Barranquilla, Colombia, Silvana Paternostro indulged in the typical concerns of a privileged young girl: friendships and parties, school and family. But soon it became apparent that life in Colombia would not go on as usual. Strange planes appeared overhead, the harbingers of the marijuana drug trade that would explode into cocaine wars over the next decade, and soon after, a disputed election would lead to demonstrations and kidnappings targeting the affluent landed elite—including Paternostro's family. A revolution was brewing, and the social inequalities reflected in her life would boil over into the most violent, most protracted, and most misunderstood civil war of our time. In My Colombian War, Paternostro journeys back to the place where her family and her closest friends still live, weaving authentic experience into a history of this ongoing conflict. Through interviews she allows us to witness the treacherous war zone that Colombia has become, projected on the daily lives of its citizens. Paternostro's book is a stunning, comprehensive narrative of Colombia's past and present.
The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language by David Crystal Pdf
Now in its third edition, The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language provides the most comprehensive coverage of the history, structure and worldwide use of English. Fully updated and expanded, with a fresh redesigned layout, and over sixty audio resources to bring language extracts to life, it covers all aspects of the English language including the history of English, with new pages on Shakespeare's vocabulary and pronunciation, updated statistics on global English use that now cover all countries and the future of English in a post-Brexit Europe, regional and social variations, with fresh insights into the growing cultural identities of 'new Englishes', English in everyday use with new sections on gender identities, forensic studies, and 'big data' in corpus linguistics, and digital developments, including the emergence of new online varieties in social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter and WhatsApp. Packed with brand new colour illustrations, photographs, maps, tables and graphs, this new edition is an essential tool for a new generation of twenty-first-century English language enthusiasts.
Building Bridges of Understanding by Lucia De Garcia Pdf
The idea for this book began to form in my mind when, in a rather rare moment of solitude, I stood on a high bluff overlooking the Pacific Ocean contemplating a lovely Southern California sunset. As I gazed to the horizon at the vivid red and orange hues of the setting sun, a gentle sea breeze carried to my ears the faint whispers of my ancestors, imploring me from across the ages to pen the words that would chronicle their struggles. It seemed to me significant that their efforts, which most certainly influenced and shaped my life, would now provide me the inspiration to write this book. Thus, I made the decision to embark upon this story, which I hope will serve not only as an enduring testimonial to the trials and tribulations of my forebears, but also as a guide to inspire others to share their life experiences through the written word. In the northern part of the South American continent, in the Andean Mountains the longest mountain range in the world I was born the fifth of eleven siblings. My given name is Lucía Fabiola Giraldo Estrada Botero Vega Restrepo Londoño, a cultural tradition in Latin America to instill in us a sense of heritage, so we will never forget our roots going back at least three generations. This narrative contains both humorous and serious anecdotes. It includes ancient wisdom, poetry, and songs in Spanish and English that still resonate in my heart, chart the course of my life, and sustain me. The people I have met in my tireless and frequent journeys across hemispheres have transformed my life: world leaders in politics, religion, business, community building, and the arts. I especially want to share events that deeply moved me in sacred places and paid homage alongside believers, including Cistercian monks, Shamans, Muslims, Hindus, Buddhists, Christians, and Jews all of whom contributed to and nourished my spiritual being. As a woman, an immigrant, a minority by public definition, a Latina or Hispanic, I faced many challenges in finding the courage to venture into the international business arena, and travel across the world mostly alone to follow my vision. I finally overcame them. It is far better to explore problems rather than become paralyzed by them. Spanish is my mother language and I learned English later in life. While writing this book, the two languages collided at times, as I journeyed to the depths of my heart to dig into my feelings and describe my life experiences. Discovering a new world is an adventure worthy of the many challenges. The reasons are obvious: it requires money, time, and determination, the uncertainty of a new destination, different cultures and traditions, the strangers you will meet along the way and the unexpected outcomes are part of the unknown challenges you will encounter. I have been to remote and exotic places, from the north to the south of the American continent, from the Bearing to the Magellan Straits, and across the Americas. From the east to the west of five continents crossing the Gibraltar Strait between Africa and Europe and sailing the South Pacific Islands, the Mediterranean, Indian, China, and the Caribbean Seas. To south and east of the African continent on safaris or visiting secluded villages and mountains to work on behalf of child education programs with the purpose of teaching them to survive, to preserve the environment, and to protect endangered species. My legacy and life's mission is to contribute to humanity, to collaborate in building bridges of hope and understanding bridges between people who respect each other's differences and value each other's shared humanity. These are the bridges that people of all cultures must build, restore, and cross together to reach the land of unity and peace for all. My multifaceted life gave me the courage I needed to undertake this story-telling mission, and my spiritual walk gave me guidance, inspiration, and the strength
Histories of Perplexity by A. Ricardo López-Pedreros,Lina Britto Pdf
By combining chronological coverage, analytical breadth, and interdisciplinary approaches, these two volumes—Histories of Solitude and Histories of Perplexity—study the histories of Colombia over the past two centuries as illustrations of the histories of democracy across the Americas. The volumes bring together over 40 scholars based in Colombia, the United States, England, and Canada working in various disciplines to discuss how a country that has been consistently presented as a rarity in Latin America provides critical examples to re-examine major historical problems: republicanism and liberalism; export economies and agrarian modernization; populism and cultural politics of state formation; revolutionary and counterinsurgent Cold War violence; neoliberal reforms and urban development; popular mobilization and counterhegemonic public spheres; political ecologies and environmental struggles; and labors of memory and the challenge of reconciliation. Contributors are sensitive to questions of subjectivity and discourse, observant of ethnographic details and micro-politics, and attuned to macro-perspectives such as transnational and global histories. These volumes offer fresh perspectives on Colombia and will be of great value to those interested in Latin American and Caribbean history.
Invaluable insights into finding diverse investment opportunities in the emergent global economy From Brazilian farmlands to Colombian gold fields, from Chinese shopping malls to Indian hotels, from South African wine country to the boom/bust souks of Dubai, this around-the-world investing field trip explores the nooks and crannies for hidden investment opportunities. World Right Side Up: Investing Across Six Continents is packed with ideas to power your portfolio in the years ahead while teaching you a little fascinating history along the way. Fact is, the world's markets have changed in a big way. For the first time since before the Industrial Revolution, the emerging markets now contribute as much to the global economy as their more well-developed peers. Far from being an anomaly, this state of affairs is more in line with the bulk of human experience. For centuries, China and India were the world's largest economies. And so the world is turning...right side up. This change creates a wealth of opportunities for investors, in both the emerging markets and developed markets. World Right Side Up is your guide on how to take full advantage of this shift. Provides an entertaining view of various regions visited by the author, including South America, Asia, Africa, North America, and the Middle East Explores specific investment ideas and themes, including opportunities in agriculture, water, energy, infrastructure and much more Includes five key takeaways from each region, an invaluable feature, offering resources to consult for more information and guidance While some people fear the changes happening now, the reality is that for the forward-thinking investor, these sizable new markets will create extraordinary new opportunities.
