Explanation And Integration In Mind And Brain Science

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Explanation and Integration in Mind and Brain Science

David M. Kaplan
Explanation and Integration in Mind and Brain Science Book PDF

Author : David M. Kaplan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2017-12-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191508714

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Explanation and Integration in Mind and Brain Science by David M. Kaplan Pdf

This collection brings together a set of new papers that advance the debate concerning the nature of explanation in mind and brain science, and help to clarify the prospects for bonafide integration across these fields. Long a topic of debate among philosophers and scientists alike, there is growing appreciation that understanding the complex relationship between the psychological sciences and the neurosciences, especially how their respective explanatory frameworks interrelate, is of fundamental importance for achieving progress across these scientific domains. Traditional philosophical discussions tend to construe the relationship between them in stark terms - either they are related in terms of complete independence (i.e., autonomy) or complete dependence (i.e., reduction), leaving little room for more interesting relations such as that of mutually beneficial interaction or integration. A unifying thread across the diverse set of contributions to this volume is the rejection of the assumption that no stable middle ground exists between these two extremes, and common embrace of the idea that these sciences are partially dependent on or constrained by one another. By addressing whether the explanatory patterns employed across these domains are similar or different in kind, and to what extent they inform and constrain each another, this volume helps to deepen our understanding of the prospects for successfully integrating mind and brain science.

Explanation and Integration in Mind and Brain Science

David M. Kaplan
Explanation and Integration in Mind and Brain Science Book PDF

Author : David M. Kaplan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 269 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199685509

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Explanation and Integration in Mind and Brain Science by David M. Kaplan Pdf

Is the relationship between psychology and neuroscience one of autonomy or mutual constraint and integration? This volume includes new papers from leading philosophers seeking to address this issue by deepening our understanding of the similarities and differences between the explanatory patterns employed across these domains.

Cognitive Integration

R. Menary
Cognitive Integration Book PDF

Author : R. Menary
Publisher : Springer
Page : 207 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2007-10-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780230592889

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Cognitive Integration by R. Menary Pdf

This book argues that thinking is bounded by neither the brain nor the skin of an organism. Cognitive systems function through integration of neural and bodily functions with the functions of representational vehicles. The integrationist position offers a fresh contribution to the emerging embodied and embedded approach to the study of mind.

The Routledge Handbook of the Computational Mind

Mark Sprevak,Matteo Colombo
The Routledge Handbook of the Computational Mind Book PDF

Author : Mark Sprevak,Matteo Colombo
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 737 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2018-09-04
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317286714

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The Routledge Handbook of the Computational Mind by Mark Sprevak,Matteo Colombo Pdf

Computational approaches dominate contemporary cognitive science, promising a unified, scientific explanation of how the mind works. However, computational approaches raise major philosophical and scientific questions. In what sense is the mind computational? How do computational approaches explain perception, learning, and decision making? What kinds of challenges should computational approaches overcome to advance our understanding of mind, brain, and behaviour? The Routledge Handbook of the Computational Mind is an outstanding overview and exploration of these issues and the first philosophical collection of its kind. Comprising thirty-five chapters by an international team of contributors from different disciplines, the Handbook is organised into four parts: History and future prospects of computational approaches Types of computational approach Foundations and challenges of computational approaches Applications to specific parts of psychology. Essential reading for students and researchers in philosophy of mind, philosophy of psychology, and philosophy of science, The Routledge Handbook of the Computational Mind will also be of interest to those studying computational models in related subjects such as psychology, neuroscience, and computer science.

Predictive Minds: Old Problems and New Challenges

Manuel Curado,Steven S. Gouveia
Predictive Minds Old Problems and New Challenges Book PDF

Author : Manuel Curado,Steven S. Gouveia
Publisher : Vernon Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2023-10-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781648897856

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Predictive Minds: Old Problems and New Challenges by Manuel Curado,Steven S. Gouveia Pdf

The Predictive Processing Theory of Mind is a recent theory developed by philosophers, cognitive scientists, and neuroscientists about the nature and function of the brain and its role in creating the conscious mind that we humans, and perhaps some non-human animals, have. The authors that advanced those lines of research believe that there is a fundamental idea that has been overlooked in the research done about the brain until the present: that the brain is a prediction machine with the function of creating hypotheses about the causes of our sensory signals and predictions of possible future sensory signals. Moreover, the internal models of the world created this way are constantly challenged by incorporating the errors of the previous models into new models. From this point of view, the brain's work could be described as a process of making predictions about the upcoming sensory data based on its best current models of the causes of those data. This book intends to critically analyze this theory and its subsequent theoretical and empirical consequences. To achieve that, the volume brings together some of the best experts on Predictive Processing – such as Thomas Metzinger, Wanja Wiese, or Mark Miller – with the goal of presenting some of the advantages of this approach but also some of its caveats.

Neural Mechanisms

Fabrizio Calzavarini,Marco Viola
Neural Mechanisms Book PDF

Author : Fabrizio Calzavarini,Marco Viola
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 498 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2020-12-02
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030540920

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Neural Mechanisms by Fabrizio Calzavarini,Marco Viola Pdf

This volume brings together new papers advancing contemporary debates in foundational, conceptual, and methodological issues in cognitive neuroscience. The different perspectives presented in each chapter have previously been discussed between the authors, as the volume builds on the experience of Neural Mechanisms (NM) Online – webinar series on the philosophy of neuroscience organized by the editors of this volume. The contributed chapters pertain to five core areas in current philosophy of neuroscience. It surveys the novel forms of explanation (and prediction) developed in cognitive neuroscience, and looks at new concepts, methods and techniques used in the field. The book also highlights the metaphysical challenges raised by recent neuroscience and demonstrates the relation between neuroscience and mechanistic philosophy. Finally, the book dives into the issue of neural computations and representations. Assembling contributions from leading philosophers of neuroscience, this work draws upon the expertise of both established scholars and promising early career researchers.

Methods in Mind

Carl Senior,Tamara Russell,Michael S. Gazzaniga
Methods in Mind Book PDF

Author : Carl Senior,Tamara Russell,Michael S. Gazzaniga
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 395 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2006-06-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780262195416

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Methods in Mind by Carl Senior,Tamara Russell,Michael S. Gazzaniga Pdf

Each chapter explores a different approach. These include transcranial magnetic stimulation, cognitive neuropsychiatry, lesion studies in nonhuman primates, computational modeling, psychophysiology, single neurons and primate behavior, grid computing, eye movements, fMRI, electroencephalography, imaging genetics, magnetoencephalography, neuropharmacology, and neuroendocrinology. As mandated, authors focus on convergence and innovation in their fields; chapters highlight such cross-method innovations as the use of the fMRI signal to constrain magnetoencephalography, the use of electroencephalography (EEG) to guide rapid transcranial magnetic stimulation at a specific frequency, and the successful integration of neuroimaging and genetic analysis. Computational approaches depend on increased computing power, and one chapter describes the use of distributed or grid computing to analyze massive datasets in cyberspace. Each chapter author is a leading authority in the technique discussed." -- Publisher's website.

The Twenty-First Century Mechanistic Theory of Human Cognition

Diego Azevedo Leite
The Twenty First Century Mechanistic Theory of Human Cognition Book PDF

Author : Diego Azevedo Leite
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2020-11-30
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030636807

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The Twenty-First Century Mechanistic Theory of Human Cognition by Diego Azevedo Leite Pdf

This book presents a theoretical critical appraisal of the Mechanistic Theory of Human Cognition (MTHC), which is one of the most popular major theories in the contemporary field of cognitive science. It analyses and evaluates whether MTHC provides a unifying account of human cognition and its explanation. The book presents a systematic investigation of the internal and external consistency of the theory, as well as a systematic comparison with other contemporary major theories in the field. In this sense, it provides a fresh look at more recent major theoretical debates in this area of scientific research and a rigorous analysis of one of its most central major theories. Rigorous theoretical work is integrated with objective consideration of relevant empirical evidence, making the discussions robust and clear. As a result, the book shows that MTHC provides a significant theoretical contribution for the field of cognitive science. The content is useful for those interested in theoretical and empirical issues concerning major theories in the contemporary field of cognitive science.

The Nature of Physical Computation

Oron Shagrir
The Nature of Physical Computation Book PDF

Author : Oron Shagrir
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 319 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780197552384

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The Nature of Physical Computation by Oron Shagrir Pdf

Computing systems are ubiquitous in contemporary life. Even the brain is thought to be a computing system of sorts. But what does it mean to say that a given organ or system "computes"? What is it about laptops, smartphones, and nervous systems that they are deemed to compute - and why does itseldom occur to us to describe stomachs, hurricanes, rocks, or chairs that way? These questions are key to laying the conceptual foundations of computational sciences, including computer science and engineering, and the cognitive and neural sciences.Oron Shagrir here provides an extended argument for the semantic view of computation, which states that semantic properties are involved in the nature of computing systems. The first part of the book provides general background. Although different in scope, these chapters have a common theme-namely,that the linkage between the mathematical theory of computability and the notion of physical computation is weak. The second part of the book reviews existing non-semantic accounts of physical computation. Shagrir analyze three influential accounts in greater depth and argues that none of theseaccounts is satisfactory, but each of them highlights certain key features of physical computation that he eventually adopts in his own semantic account of physical computation - a view that rests on a phenomenon known as simultaneous implementation (or "indeterminacy of computation"). Shagrircompletes the characterization of his account of computation and highlights the distinctive feature of computational explanations.

Mind, Body, World

Michael R. W. Dawson
Mind Body World Book PDF

Author : Michael R. W. Dawson
Publisher : Athabasca University Press
Page : 506 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781927356173

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Mind, Body, World by Michael R. W. Dawson Pdf

Cognitive science arose in the 1950s when it became apparent that a number of disciplines, including psychology, computer science, linguistics, and philosophy, were fragmenting. Perhaps owing to the field's immediate origins in cybernetics, as well as to the foundational assumption that cognition is information processing, cognitive science initially seemed more unified than psychology. However, as a result of differing interpretations of the foundational assumption and dramatically divergent views of the meaning of the term information processing, three separate schools emerged: classical cognitive science, connectionist cognitive science, and embodied cognitive science. Examples, cases, and research findings taken from the wide range of phenomena studied by cognitive scientists effectively explain and explore the relationship among the three perspectives. Intended to introduce both graduate and senior undergraduate students to the foundations of cognitive science, Mind, Body, World addresses a number of questions currently being asked by those practicing in the field: What are the core assumptions of the three different schools? What are the relationships between these different sets of core assumptions? Is there only one cognitive science, or are there many different cognitive sciences? Giving the schools equal treatment and displaying a broad and deep understanding of the field, Dawson highlights the fundamental tensions and lines of fragmentation that exist among the schools and provides a refreshing and unifying framework for students of cognitive science.

Mindsight

Daniel J. Siegel
Mindsight Book PDF

Author : Daniel J. Siegel
Publisher : Bantam
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2010-01-12
Category : Body, Mind & Spirit
ISBN : 9780553907100

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Mindsight by Daniel J. Siegel Pdf

From a pioneer in the field of mental health comes a groundbreaking book on the healing power of "mindsight," the potent skill that allows you to make positive changes in your brain–and in your life. Foreword by Daniel Goleman, author of Emotional Intelligence • Is there a memory that torments you, or an irrational fear you can't shake? • Do you sometimes become unreasonably angry or upset and find it hard to calm down? • Do you ever wonder why you can't stop behaving the way you do, no matter how hard you try? • Are you and your child (or parent, partner, or boss) locked in a seemingly inevitable pattern of conflict? What if you could escape traps like these and live a fuller, richer, happier life? This isn't mere speculation but the result of twenty-five years of careful hands-on clinical work by Daniel J. Siegel, M.D. A Harvard-trained physician, Dr. Siegel is one of the revolutionary global innovators in the integration of brain science into the practice of psychotherapy. Using case histories from his practice, he shows how, by following the proper steps, nearly everyone can learn how to focus their attention on the internal world of the mind in a way that will literally change the wiring and architecture of their brain. Through his synthesis of a broad range of scientific research with applications to everyday life, Dr. Siegel has developed novel approaches that have helped hundreds of patients. And now he has written the first book that will help all of us understand the potential we have to create our own lives. Showing us mindsight in action, Dr. Siegel describes • a sixteen-year-old boy with bipolar disorder who uses meditation and other techniques instead of drugs to calm the emotional storms that made him suicidal • a woman paralyzed by anxiety, who uses mindsight to discover, in an unconscious memory of a childhood accident, the source of her dread • a physician–the author himself–who pays attention to his intuition, which he experiences as a "vague, uneasy feeling in my belly, a gnawing restlessness in my heart and my gut," and tracks down a patient who could have gone deaf because of an inaccurately written prescription for an ear infection • a twelve-year-old girl with OCD who learns a meditation that is "like watching myself from outside myself" and, using a form of internal dialogue, is able to stop the compulsive behaviors that have been tormenting her These and many other extraordinary stories illustrate how mindsight can help us master our emotions, heal our relationships, and reach our fullest potential.

Mind and Motion: The Bidirectional Link between Thought and Action

Markus Raab,Joseph Johnson,Hauke Heekeren
Mind and Motion The Bidirectional Link between Thought and Action Book PDF

Author : Markus Raab,Joseph Johnson,Hauke Heekeren
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2009-05-27
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0080886140

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Mind and Motion: The Bidirectional Link between Thought and Action by Markus Raab,Joseph Johnson,Hauke Heekeren Pdf

This volume investigates the implications of how our brain directs our movements on decision making. An extensive body of knowledge in chapters from international experts is presented as well as integrative group reports discussing new directions for future research. The understanding of how people make decisions is of central interest to experts working in fields such as psychology, economics, movement science, cognitive neuroscience, neuroinformatics, robotics, and sport science. For the first time the current volume provides a multidisciplinary overview of how action and cognition are integrated in the planning of and decisions about action. * Offers intense, focused, and genuine interdisciplinary perspective * Conveys state-of-the-art and outlines future research directions on the hot topic of mind and motion (or embodied cognition) * Includes contributions from psychologists, neuroscientists, movement scientists, economists, and others

The Cognitive Neuroscience of Mind

Michael S. Gazzaniga
The Cognitive Neuroscience of Mind Book PDF

Author : Michael S. Gazzaniga
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 259 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Cognition
ISBN : 9780262014014

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The Cognitive Neuroscience of Mind by Michael S. Gazzaniga Pdf

These essays on a range of topics in the cognitive neurosciences report on the progress in the field over the twenty years of its existence and reflect the many groundbreaking scientific contributions and enduring influence of Michael Gazzaniga, 'the godfather of cognitive neuroscience'.

The Behavioral and Social Sciences

National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Basic Research in the Behavioral and Social Sciences
The Behavioral and Social Sciences Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Basic Research in the Behavioral and Social Sciences
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 1988-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309037495

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The Behavioral and Social Sciences by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Basic Research in the Behavioral and Social Sciences Pdf

This volume explores the scientific frontiers and leading edges of research across the fields of anthropology, economics, political science, psychology, sociology, history, business, education, geography, law, and psychiatry, as well as the newer, more specialized areas of artificial intelligence, child development, cognitive science, communications, demography, linguistics, and management and decision science. It includes recommendations concerning new resources, facilities, and programs that may be needed over the next several years to ensure rapid progress and provide a high level of returns to basic research.

Mind-Brain-Gene: Toward Psychotherapy Integration

John Arden
Mind Brain Gene Toward Psychotherapy Integration Book PDF

Author : John Arden
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2019-01-15
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780393711851

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Mind-Brain-Gene: Toward Psychotherapy Integration by John Arden Pdf

An exploration of the ways the immune system, epigenetics, affect regulation, and attachment intersect in mental health. The evolution of psychotherapy in the 21st Century demands integration. Instead of choosing from the blizzard of modalities and schools of the past, therapists must move toward finding common denominators among them. Similarly, today’s psychotherapy necessitates the integration of the mind and body, not the past practice of compartmentalization of mental health and physical health. This book contributes to the sea change in how we conceptualize mental health problems and their solutions. Mind-Brain-Gene describes the feedback loops between the multiple systems contributing to the emergence of the mind and the experience of the self. It explains how our mental operating networks “self”-organize, drawing from and modifying our memory systems to establish and maintain mental health. Synthesizing research in psychoneuroimmunology and epigenetics with interpersonal neurobiology and research on integrated psychotherapeutic approaches, John Arden explores how insecure attachment, deprivation, child abuse, and trauma contribute to anxiety disorders and depression to produce epigenetic affects. To help people suffering from anxiety and depression, it is necessary to make sense of the multidirectional feedback loops between the stress systems and the dysregulation of the immune system that lead to those conditions. Successful psychotherapy modifies the feedback loops among the self-maintenance systems. Through the orchestration of the mental operating networks, psychotherapy promotes the re-regulation of immune system functions, stress systems, nutrition, microbiome (gut bacteria), sleep, physical inactivity, affect regulation, and cognition. This book makes a strong case for healthcare and psychotherapy to be combined—together they can revolutionize the way we conceive of, and attain, optimal health in the 21st Century.