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Author : Harrie F. G. van Dijk,W. Addo J. van Pul,Pim de Voogt
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 575 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Air
ISBN : OCLC:42816624
Author : Harrie F.G. van Dijk,W. Addo J. van Pul,Pim de Voogt
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401715362
Global pesticide use is currently estimated at approximately 2. 5 billion kg per year (Pimentel eta/. , 1998). To be effective, pesticides need to persist for a certain period of time. However, the longer their persistence, the greater the potential for transport of a fraction of the amount applied away from the target area. Pesticides are dispersed in the environment by water currents, wind, or biota. Pesticides can directly contaminate ground and surface waters by leaching, surface run-off and drift. Pesticides can also enter the atmosphere during application by evaporation and drift of small spray droplets, that remain airborne. Following application, pesticides may volatilise from the crop or the soil. Finally, wind erosion can cause soil particles and dust loaded with pesticides to enter the atmosphere. The extent to which pesticides enter the air compartment is dependent upon many factors: the properties of the substance in question (e. g. vapour pressure), the amount used, the method of application, the formulation, the weather conditions (such as wind speed, temperature, humidity), the nature of the crop and soil characteristics. Measurements at application sites reveal that sometimes more than half of the amount applied is lost into the atmosphere within a few days (Spencer and Cliath, 1990; Taylor and Spencer; 1990; Van den Berg et a/. , this issue).
Author : Michael S. Majewski
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2019-06-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781439822609
Most people know about the presence and health effects of pesticide residues in the water they drink. However, they may not realize the impact of atmospheric transportation and deposition of pesticides on water quality. Scientific studies of pesticides in various atmospheric matrices (air, rain, snow, aerosols, and fog) provide some of the answers.
Author : Harrie F.G. van Dijk,W. Addo J. van Pul,Pim de Voogt
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1999-10-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 0792359941
Global pesticide use is currently estimated at approximately 2. 5 billion kg per year (Pimentel eta/. , 1998). To be effective, pesticides need to persist for a certain period of time. However, the longer their persistence, the greater the potential for transport of a fraction of the amount applied away from the target area. Pesticides are dispersed in the environment by water currents, wind, or biota. Pesticides can directly contaminate ground and surface waters by leaching, surface run-off and drift. Pesticides can also enter the atmosphere during application by evaporation and drift of small spray droplets, that remain airborne. Following application, pesticides may volatilise from the crop or the soil. Finally, wind erosion can cause soil particles and dust loaded with pesticides to enter the atmosphere. The extent to which pesticides enter the air compartment is dependent upon many factors: the properties of the substance in question (e. g. vapour pressure), the amount used, the method of application, the formulation, the weather conditions (such as wind speed, temperature, humidity), the nature of the crop and soil characteristics. Measurements at application sites reveal that sometimes more than half of the amount applied is lost into the atmosphere within a few days (Spencer and Cliath, 1990; Taylor and Spencer; 1990; Van den Berg et a/. , this issue).
Author : Jerald L. Schnoor
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 478 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1992-04-16
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0471502324
A result of important bilateral scientific agreements between the U.S. and the Soviet Union on the fate of chemicals and pesticides in the environment. Written by experts in both countries, it familiarizes the reader with recent state-of-the-art research being conducted in the areas of agricultural management and water pollution control. A number of models are provided to give the reader a concise grasp of exposure and ecological risk assessments involving these pollutants. Focuses on the necessity to improve our deteriorating standards of public health, environmental science and technology with a total systems approach through the pooled talents of scientists and engineers.
Author : James W. Biggar,California Agricultural Experiment Station
Publisher : Agricultural Experiment Station Di Natural Resources Univers
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Agricultural chemicals
ISBN : UCSD:31822002407369
Abstract: This is a compilation of the proceedings of a seminar of the same title held in Sacramento, CA on March 4 and 5, 1985. It includes sections on pesticide classes, physiochemical fate processes, and case studies of the reaction of several pesticides in environmental situations. Helpful information for growers, applicators, and advisors is provided.
Author : National Research Council,Board on Agriculture,Committee on Long-Range Soil and Water Conservation Policy
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 541 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1993-02-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309049337
How can the United States meet demands for agricultural production while solving the broader range of environmental problems attributed to farming practices? National policymakers who try to answer this question confront difficult trade-offs. This book offers four specific strategies that can serve as the basis for a national policy to protect soil and water quality while maintaining U.S. agricultural productivity and competitiveness. Timely and comprehensive, the volume has important implications for the Clean Air Act and the 1995 farm bill. Advocating a systems approach, the committee recommends specific farm practices and new approaches to prevention of soil degradation and water pollution for environmental agencies. The volume details methods of evaluating soil management systems and offers a wealth of information on improved management of nitrogen, phosphorus, manure, pesticides, sediments, salt, and trace elements. Landscape analysis of nonpoint source pollution is also detailed. Drawing together research findings, survey results, and case examples, the volume will be of interest to federal, state, and local policymakers; state and local environmental and agricultural officials and other environmental and agricultural specialists; scientists involved in soil and water issues; researchers; and agricultural producers.
Author : PhilipH. Howard
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 887 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2017-09-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781351442817
This 5-volume set allows you to assess the health and environmental effects of chemicals by determining the routes of exposure of the chemical to sensitive organisms. Environmental Fate and Exposure of Organic Chemicals provides relevant facts on how individual chemicals behave in the environment and how humans and environmental organisms are exposed to the chemicals during their production, rise, transport, and disposal. Each chemical is prepared by one of the best-known organizations in environmental fate and exposure and is peer-reviewed by a panel of expert scientists. The information on each chemical includes all experimental values and references for physical properties, all chemical fate studies, and all available monitoring data and interpretative summaries.
Author : Alexander Shalom Tahori
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 592 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 1972
Category : Agricultural chemistry
ISBN : STANFORD:36105003054264
Author : Michael S. Majewski
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Air
ISBN : UCSD:31822008819773
Author : James N. Seiber,Thomas M. Cahill
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2021-10-07
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781000461725
The air is an important but largely unrecognized source of contaminant fate in the environment, including transport of pesticides and contaminants to nontarget areas and exposures for people and wildlife. This book summarizes and places in perspective the potential transport, transformation, and health implications of pesticides and contaminants in air, including the air we breathe. It delves into the hypothesis that the atmosphere is the most significant environmental compartment affecting the overall transport and fate of many classes of environmental contaminants. The authors draw parallels between sampling, analysis, and impact of airborne toxics and particulate matter with the COVID-19 pandemic. Airborne viruses and fine particulate matter, which are of similar size, have remarkable parallels in how they are transmitted and accumulated in the respiratory tract. FEATURES Assesses exposures of people and wildlife to airborne chemicals Includes case study applications, with relevant data summarized for pesticides and contaminants in air Discusses approaches to modeling pesticides’ and contaminants’ dispersion and fate in air Includes an assessment of the physicochemical properties of pesticides and contaminants that influence sampling and atmospheric mobility and fate The authors are global experts in air contaminant research, and this book is well organized and helpful for people interested in regulatory, health, and other topics related to pesticides and contaminants in air. James N. Seiber is a Professor Emeritus at the University of California, Davis. Thomas M. Cahill is an Associate Professor in the School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences at Arizona State University.
Author : David A. Kurtz
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 484 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 1990-09-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 0873711688
International experts present the latest vital information on long range transport of pesticides. This book includes sources of pesticides from lakes, oceans, and soil, circulation on global and regional basis, deposition, and fate of pesticides. An ACS Division of Agrochemicals book and Environmental Chemistry book.
Author : Hwei-Hsien Cheng
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Pesticides
ISBN : 089118791X
Pesticides in the soil environment - an overview. Pesticide sources to the soil and principles of spray physics. The retention processes: mechanisms. Sorption estimates for modeling. Abiotic transformations in water, sediments, and soil. Biological transformation processes of pesticides. Volatilization and vapor transport processes. Organic chemical transport to Groundwater. Movement of pesticides into surface waters. Modeling pesticide fate in soils. Efficacy of soil-applied pesticides. Impact of pesticides on the environment. Risk/benefit and regulations. Chemical index.
Author : Mary T. Nett
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Fertilizers
ISBN : UOM:39015081417936
Management practices affecting nitrogen and soluble phosphorus losses from an upper Midwest lawn -- Determining nitrogen loading rates based on land use in an urban watershed -- Determining phosphorus loading rates based on land use in an urban watershed -- Nitrogen fate in a mature Kentucky bluegrass turf -- Discharge losses of nitrogen and phosphorus from a golf course watershed -- The effects of soil phosphorus and nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on phosphorus runoff losses from turfgrass -- Influence of landscape and percolation on P and K losses over four years -- Management practices that reduce runoff transport of nutrients and pesticides from turfgrass -- Sediment and nutrient losses from prairie and turfgrass buffer strips during establishment -- Evaluation of resource-efficient landscape systems to reduce contaminants in urban runoff -- Thatch pesticide sorption -- Regional analysis of pesticide runoff from turf -- Mobility and dissipation of clopyralid herbicide in turfgrass field lysimeters -- Glyphosate runoff when applied to zoysiagrass under golf course fairway conditions.
Author : Marcelo L. Larramendy,Sonia Soloneski
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 138 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2019-07-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781839626470
The book, "Pesticides - Use and Misuse and their Impact in the Environment", contains relevant information on diverse pesticides encountered in both anthropogenic and natural environments. This book provides valuable information about the toxicity of several agrochemicals that can negatively influence the health of humans and ecosystems.