Federally Funded Research

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on Higher Education and Workforce,Committee on Science, Technology, and Law,Committee on Federal Research Regulations and Reporting Requirements: A New Framework for Research Universities in the 21st Century
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 283 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2016-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309379519

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Optimizing the Nation's Investment in Academic Research by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on Higher Education and Workforce,Committee on Science, Technology, and Law,Committee on Federal Research Regulations and Reporting Requirements: A New Framework for Research Universities in the 21st Century Pdf

Research universities are critical contributors to our national research enterprise. They are the principal source of a world-class labor force and fundamental discoveries that enhance our lives and the lives of others around the world. These institutions help to create an educated citizenry capable of making informed and crucial choices as participants in a democratic society. However many are concerned that the unintended cumulative effect of federal regulations undercuts the productivity of the research enterprise and diminishes the return on the federal investment in research. Optimizing the Nation's Investment in Academic Research reviews the regulatory framework as it currently exists, considers specific regulations that have placed undue and often unanticipated burdens on the research enterprise, and reassesses the process by which these regulations are created, reviewed, and retired. This review is critical to strengthen the partnership between the federal government and research institutions, to maximize the creation of new knowledge and products, to provide for the effective training and education of the next generation of scholars and workers, and to optimize the return on the federal investment in research for the benefit of the American people.

Author : Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy,National Academy of Sciences,National Academy of Engineering,Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 95 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1999-02-24
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309517980

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Evaluating Federal Research Programs by Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy,National Academy of Sciences,National Academy of Engineering,Institute of Medicine Pdf

The Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA), passed by Congress in 1993, requires that federal agencies write five-year strategic plans with annual performance goals and produce an annual report that demonstrates whether the goals have been met. The first performance reports are due in March 2000. Measuring the performance of basic research is particularly challenging because major breakthroughs can be unpredictable and difficult to assess in the short term. This book recommends that federal agencies use an "expert review" method to examine the quality of research they support, the relevance of that research to their mission, and whether the research is at the international forefront of scientific and technological knowledge. It also addresses the issues of matching evaluation measurements to the character of the research performed, improving coordination among agencies when research is in the same field, and including a human resource development component in GPRA strategic and performance plans.

Author : National Research Council,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on Innovations in Computing and Communications: Lessons from History
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1999-02-11
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780309062787

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Funding a Revolution by National Research Council,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on Innovations in Computing and Communications: Lessons from History Pdf

The past 50 years have witnessed a revolution in computing and related communications technologies. The contributions of industry and university researchers to this revolution are manifest; less widely recognized is the major role the federal government played in launching the computing revolution and sustaining its momentum. Funding a Revolution examines the history of computing since World War II to elucidate the federal government's role in funding computing research, supporting the education of computer scientists and engineers, and equipping university research labs. It reviews the economic rationale for government support of research, characterizes federal support for computing research, and summarizes key historical advances in which government-sponsored research played an important role. Funding a Revolution contains a series of case studies in relational databases, the Internet, theoretical computer science, artificial intelligence, and virtual reality that demonstrate the complex interactions among government, universities, and industry that have driven the field. It offers a series of lessons that identify factors contributing to the success of the nation's computing enterprise and the government's role within it.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 315 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781428921566

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Federally Funded Research: Decisions for a Decade by Anonim Pdf

Author : National Research Council,National Academy of Engineering,National Academy of Sciences,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Institute of Medicine,Committee on Criteria for Federal Support of Research and Development
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 107 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 1995-11-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309176002

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Allocating Federal Funds for Science and Technology by National Research Council,National Academy of Engineering,National Academy of Sciences,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Institute of Medicine,Committee on Criteria for Federal Support of Research and Development Pdf

The United States faces a new challengeâ€"maintaining the vitality of its system for supporting science and technology despite fiscal stringency during the next several years. To address this change, the Senate Appropriations Committee requested a report from the National Academies of Sciences and Engineering and the Institute of Medicine to address "the criteria that should be used in judging the appropriate allocation of funds to research and development activities; to examine the appropriate balance among different types of institutions that conduct such research; and to look at the means of assuring continued objectivity in the allocation process." In this eagerly-awaited book, a committee of experts selected by the National Academies and the Institute responds with 13 recommendations that propose a new budgeting process and formulates a series of questions to address during that process. The committee also makes corollary recommendations about merit review, government oversight, linking research and development to government missions, the synergy between research and education, and other topics. The recommendations are aimed at rooting out obsolete and inadequate activities to free resources from good programs for even better ones, in the belief that "science and technology will be at least as important in the future as they have been in the past in dealing with problems that confront the nation." The authoring committee of this book was chaired by Frank Press, former President of the National Academy of Sciences (1981-1993) and Presidential Science and Technology Advisor (1977-1981).

Author : United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Engineering and state
ISBN : UCSD:31822025910571

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Federally Funded Research by United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment Pdf

Author : Tibor R. Machan
Publisher : Hoover Press
Page : 140 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2013-11-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780817929466

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Liberty and Research and Development by Tibor R. Machan Pdf

The contributors to this volume explore the implications of government funding of scientific research and offer alternatives to the heavy reliance on government support that research and development (R&D) currently enjoys. Each author squarely confronts the problems arising from the idea that government funding of R&D is and ought to be the norm.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Federal aid
ISBN : SRLF:AA0007323850

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Federally Funded Research by Anonim Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 88 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Federal aid to research
ISBN : 142232494X

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Federal support for research and development by Anonim Pdf

Author : Robert P. Charrow
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2010-07-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226101668

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Law in the Laboratory by Robert P. Charrow Pdf

The National Institutes of Health and the National Science Foundation together fund more than $40 billon of research annually in the United States and around the globe. These large public expenditures come with strings, including a complex set of laws and guidelines that regulate how scientists may use NIH and NSF funds, how federally funded research may be conducted, and who may have access to or own the product of the research. Until now, researchers have had little instruction on the nature of these laws and how they work. But now, with Robert P. Charrow’s Law in the Laboratory, they have a readable and entertaining introduction to the major ethical and legal considerations pertaining to research under the aegis of federal science funding. For any academic whose position is grant funded, or for any faculty involved in securing grants, this book will be an essential reference manual. And for those who want to learn how federal legislation and regulations affect laboratory research, Charrow’s primer will shed light on the often obscured intersection of government and science.

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Basic Research in the Behavioral and Social Sciences
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1988-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309037495

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The Behavioral and Social Sciences by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Basic Research in the Behavioral and Social Sciences Pdf

This volume explores the scientific frontiers and leading edges of research across the fields of anthropology, economics, political science, psychology, sociology, history, business, education, geography, law, and psychiatry, as well as the newer, more specialized areas of artificial intelligence, child development, cognitive science, communications, demography, linguistics, and management and decision science. It includes recommendations concerning new resources, facilities, and programs that may be needed over the next several years to ensure rapid progress and provide a high level of returns to basic research.

Author : United States. Government Accountability Office
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 47 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Federal aid to research
ISBN : OCLC:270830274

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Federal Research by United States. Government Accountability Office Pdf

In 2006, the federal government spent $13 billion -- 14 percent of its research and development (R & D) expenditures -- to enable 38 federally funded R & D centers (FFRDCs) to meet special research needs. FFRDCs -- including laboratories, studies and analyses centers, and systems engineering centers -- conduct research in military space programs, nanotechnology, microelectronics, nuclear warfare, and biodefense countermeasures, among other areas. GAO was asked to identify (1) how federal agencies contract with organizations operating FFRDCs and (2) agency oversight processes used to ensure that FFRDCs are well-managed. GAO's work is based on a review of documents and interviews with officials from eight FFRDCs sponsored by the departments of Defense (DOD), Energy (DOE), Health and Human Services (HHS), and Homeland Security (DHS). To improve the effectiveness of FFRDCs, GAO recommends that (1) DHS and HHS revise their personal conflict-of-interest policies to specifically address FFRDC contractor employees in a position to influence research findings or agency decision making and (2) agencies create an ongoing forum to share best practices for FFRDC oversight. DHS, DOD, and DOE concurred with GAO's recommendations, while HHS concurred with the need to revise its policies and is considering a best practices forum for FFRDCs.

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Science
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 140 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Engineering and state
ISBN : LOC:00002203881

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OTA Report, "Federally Funded Research, Decisions for a Decade" by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Science Pdf

Author : Sheila Marie Campbell
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Federal aid to research
ISBN : PURD:32754075492003

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Federal Support for Research and Development by Sheila Marie Campbell Pdf

This Congressional Budget Office (CBO) study, prepared at the request of the Ranking Member of the Senate Committee on the Budget, examines recent trends in federal support for research and development and the current state of knowledge about the economic effects of that support. Private businesses are the largest sponsors of research and development (R & D) in the United States; however, the federal government has long provided significant support for R & D activities to both supplement and encourage private efforts. The government finances research and development through spending and tax benefits that give businesses an incentive to increase their R & D spending. This study addresses questions such as whether the current level of spending is appropriate, what returns taxpayers receive for public investment in R & D, and whether funds are allocated to areas of inquiry and projects that will provide the highest return on that investment.--Preface.

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology. Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Technology
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Federal aid to research
ISBN : STANFORD:36105045594160

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The Role of Federally Funded R. & D. in Assisting Local Governments by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology. Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Technology Pdf