Finite State Machines In Hardware

Author : Volnei A. Pedroni
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2013-12-20
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780262019668

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Finite State Machines in Hardware by Volnei A. Pedroni Pdf

A comprehensive guide to the theory and design of hardware-implemented finite state machines, with design examples developed in both VHDL and SystemVerilog languages. Modern, complex digital systems invariably include hardware-implemented finite state machines. The correct design of such parts is crucial for attaining proper system performance. This book offers detailed, comprehensive coverage of the theory and design for any category of hardware-implemented finite state machines. It describes crucial design problems that lead to incorrect or far from optimal implementation and provides examples of finite state machines developed in both VHDL and SystemVerilog (the successor of Verilog) hardware description languages. Important features include: extensive review of design practices for sequential digital circuits; a new division of all state machines into three hardware-based categories, encompassing all possible situations, with numerous practical examples provided in all three categories; the presentation of complete designs, with detailed VHDL and SystemVerilog codes, comments, and simulation results, all tested in FPGA devices; and exercise examples, all of which can be synthesized, simulated, and physically implemented in FPGA boards. Additional material is available on the book's Website. Designing a state machine in hardware is more complex than designing it in software. Although interest in hardware for finite state machines has grown dramatically in recent years, there is no comprehensive treatment of the subject. This book offers the most detailed coverage of finite state machines available. It will be essential for industrial designers of digital systems and for students of electrical engineering and computer science.

Author : Justin Davis,Justin S. Davis,Robert Bryan Reese
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Page : 124 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Electronic digital computers
ISBN : 9781598295290

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Finite State Machine Datapath Design, Optimization, and Implementation by Justin Davis,Justin S. Davis,Robert Bryan Reese Pdf

Finite State Machine Datapath Design, Optimization, and Implementation explores the design space of combined FSM/Datapath implementations. The lecture starts by examining performance issues in digital systems such as clock skew and its effect on setup and hold time constraints, and the use of pipelining for increasing system clock frequency. This is followed by definitions for latency and throughput, with associated resource tradeoffs explored in detail through the use of dataflow graphs and scheduling tables applied to examples taken from digital signal processing applications. Also, design issues relating to functionality, interfacing, and performance for different types of memories commonly found in ASICs and FPGAs such as FIFOs, single-ports, and dual-ports are examined. Selected design examples are presented in implementation-neutral Verilog code and block diagrams, with associated design files available as downloads for both Altera Quartus and Xilinx Virtex FPGA platforms. A working knowledge of Verilog, logic synthesis, and basic digital design techniques is required. This lecture is suitable as a companion to the synthesis lecture titled Introduction to Logic Synthesis using Verilog HDL.

Author : Ferdinand Wagner,Ruedi Schmuki,Thomas Wagner,Peter Wolstenholme
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2006-05-15
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781420013641

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Modeling Software with Finite State Machines by Ferdinand Wagner,Ruedi Schmuki,Thomas Wagner,Peter Wolstenholme Pdf

Modeling Software with Finite State Machines: A Practical Approach explains how to apply finite state machines to software development. It provides a critical analysis of using finite state machines as a foundation for executable specifications to reduce software development effort and improve quality. This book discusses the design of a state machine and of a system of state machines. It also presents a detailed analysis of development issues relating to behavior modeling with design examples and design rules for using finite state machines. This volume describes a coherent and well-tested framework for generating reliable software for even the most complex tasks. The authors demonstrate that the established practice of using a specification as a basis for coding is wrong. Divided into three parts, this book opens by delivering the authors' expert opinions on software, covering the evolution of development as well as costs, methods, programmers, and the development cycle. The remaining two parts encourage the use of state machines: promoting the virtual finite state machine (Vfsm) method and the StateWORKS development tools.

Author : Tiziano Villa,Timothy Kam,Robert K. Brayton,Alberto L. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 382 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461561552

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Synthesis of Finite State Machines by Tiziano Villa,Timothy Kam,Robert K. Brayton,Alberto L. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli Pdf

Synthesis of Finite State Machines: Logic Optimization is the second in a set of two monographs devoted to the synthesis of Finite State Machines (FSMs). The first volume, Synthesis of Finite State Machines: Functional Optimization, addresses functional optimization, whereas this one addresses logic optimization. The result of functional optimization is a symbolic description of an FSM which represents a sequential function chosen from a collection of permissible candidates. Logic optimization is the body of techniques for converting a symbolic description of an FSM into a hardware implementation. The mapping of a given symbolic representation into a two-valued logic implementation is called state encoding (or state assignment) and it impacts heavily area, speed, testability and power consumption of the realized circuit. The first part of the book introduces the relevant background, presents results previously scattered in the literature on the computational complexity of encoding problems, and surveys in depth old and new approaches to encoding in logic synthesis. The second part of the book presents two main results about symbolic minimization; a new procedure to find minimal two-level symbolic covers, under face, dominance and disjunctive constraints, and a unified frame to check encodability of encoding constraints and find codes of minimum length that satisfy them. The third part of the book introduces generalized prime implicants (GPIs), which are the counterpart, in symbolic minimization of two-level logic, to prime implicants in two-valued two-level minimization. GPIs enable the design of an exact procedure for two-level symbolic minimization, based on a covering step which is complicated by the need to guarantee encodability of the final cover. A new efficient algorithm to verify encodability of a selected cover is presented. If a cover is not encodable, it is shown how to augment it minimally until an encodable superset of GPIs is determined. To handle encodability the authors have extended the frame to satisfy encoding constraints presented in the second part. The covering problems generated in the minimization of GPIs tend to be very large. Recently large covering problems have been attacked successfully by representing the covering table with binary decision diagrams (BDD). In the fourth part of the book the authors introduce such techniques and extend them to the case of the implicit minimization of GPIs, where the encodability and augmentation steps are also performed implicitly. Synthesis of Finite State Machines: Logic Optimization will be of interest to researchers and professional engineers who work in the area of computer-aided design of integrated circuits.

Author : Peter Minns,Ian Elliott
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2008-04-30
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0470987618

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FSM-based Digital Design using Verilog HDL by Peter Minns,Ian Elliott Pdf

As digital circuit elements decrease in physical size, resulting in increasingly complex systems, a basic logic model that can be used in the control and design of a range of semiconductor devices is vital. Finite State Machines (FSM) have numerous advantages; they can be applied to many areas (including motor control, and signal and serial data identification to name a few) and they use less logic than their alternatives, leading to the development of faster digital hardware systems. This clear and logical book presents a range of novel techniques for the rapid and reliable design of digital systems using FSMs, detailing exactly how and where they can be implemented. With a practical approach, it covers synchronous and asynchronous FSMs in the design of both simple and complex systems, and Petri-Net design techniques for sequential/parallel control systems. Chapters on Hardware Description Language cover the widely-used and powerful Verilog HDL in sufficient detail to facilitate the description and verification of FSMs, and FSM based systems, at both the gate and behavioural levels. Throughout, the text incorporates many real-world examples that demonstrate designs such as data acquisition, a memory tester, and passive serial data monitoring and detection, among others. A useful accompanying CD offers working Verilog software tools for the capture and simulation of design solutions. With a linear programmed learning format, this book works as a concise guide for the practising digital designer. This book will also be of importance to senior students and postgraduates of electronic engineering, who require design skills for the embedded systems market.

Author : Wilfried Lepuschitz,Munir Merdan,Gottfried Koppensteiner,Richard Balogh,David Obdržálek
Publisher : Springer
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2018-09-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783319970851

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Robotics in Education by Wilfried Lepuschitz,Munir Merdan,Gottfried Koppensteiner,Richard Balogh,David Obdržálek Pdf

This proceedings volume comprises the latest achievements in research and development in educational robotics presented at the 9th International Conference on Robotics in Education (RiE) held in Qawra, St. Paul's Bay, Malta, during April 18-20, 2018. Researchers and educators will find valuable methodologies and tools for robotics in education that encourage learning in the fields of science, technology, engineering, arts and mathematics (STEAM) through the design, creation and programming of tangible artifacts for creating personally meaningful objects and addressing real-world societal needs. This also involves the introduction of technologies ranging from robotics platforms to programming environments and languages. Extensive evaluation results are presented that highlight the impact of robotics on the students’ interests and competence development. The presented approaches cover the whole educative range from elementary school to the university level in both formal as well as informal settings.

Author : Alexander Barkalov,Larysa Titarenko
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 245 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2009-11-25
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642043093

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Logic Synthesis for FSM-Based Control Units by Alexander Barkalov,Larysa Titarenko Pdf

This book presents the hardware implementation of control algorithms represented by graph-schemes of algorithm. It includes new methods of logic synthesis and optimization for logic circuits of Mealy and Moore FSMs oriented on both ASIC and FPLD.

Author : Timothy Kam,Tiziano Villa,Robert K. Brayton,Alberto L. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 287 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781475726220

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Synthesis of Finite State Machines by Timothy Kam,Tiziano Villa,Robert K. Brayton,Alberto L. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli Pdf

Synthesis of Finite State Machines: Functional Optimization is one of two monographs devoted to the synthesis of Finite State Machines (FSMs). This volume addresses functional optimization, whereas the second addresses logic optimization. By functional optimization here we mean the body of techniques that: compute all permissible sequential functions for a given topology of interconnected FSMs, and select a `best' sequential function out of the permissible ones. The result is a symbolic description of the FSM representing the chosen sequential function. By logic optimization here we mean the steps that convert a symbolic description of an FSM into a hardware implementation, with the goal to optimize objectives like area, testability, performance and so on. Synthesis of Finite State Machines: Functional Optimization is divided into three parts. The first part presents some preliminary definitions, theories and techniques related to the exploration of behaviors of FSMs. The second part presents an implicit algorithm for exact state minimization of incompletely specified finite state machines (ISFSMs), and an exhaustive presentation of explicit and implicit algorithms for the binate covering problem. The third part addresses the computation of permissible behaviors at a node of a network of FSMs and the related minimization problems of non-deterministic finite state machines (NDFSMs). Key themes running through the book are the exploration of behaviors contained in a non-deterministic FSM (NDFSM), and the representation of combinatorial problems arising in FSM synthesis by means of Binary Decision Diagrams (BDDs). Synthesis of Finite State Machines: Functional Optimization will be of interest to researchers and designers in logic synthesis, CAD and design automation.

Author : Christian Posthoff,Bernd Steinbach
Publisher : Springer
Page : 511 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2018-12-31
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783030024208

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Logic Functions and Equations by Christian Posthoff,Bernd Steinbach Pdf

The expanded and updated 2nd edition of this classic text offers the reader a comprehensive introduction to the concepts of logic functions and equations and their applications across computer science. The approach emphasizes a thorough understanding of the fundamental principles as well as numerical and computer-based solution methods. Updated throughout, some major additions for the 2nd edition include: - an expanded introductory section on logic equations; - a new chapter on sets, lattices, and classes of logic functions; - a new chapter about SAT-problems; - a new chapter about methods to solve extremely complex problems; and - an expanded section with new decomposition methods utilizing the Boolean Differential Calculus extended to lattices of logic functions. The book provides insight into applications across binary arithmetic, coding, complexity, logic design, programming, computer architecture, and artificial intelligence. Based on the extensive teaching experience of the authors, Logic Functions and Equations is highly recommended for a one- or two-semester course in computer science and related programs. It provides straightforward high-level access to these methods and enables sophisticated applications, elegantly bridging the gap between mathematics and the theoretical foundations of computer science.

Author : Donald Thomas,Philip Moorby
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 395 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2008-09-11
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780387853444

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The Verilog® Hardware Description Language by Donald Thomas,Philip Moorby Pdf

XV From the Old to the New xvii Acknowledgments xx| Verilog A Tutorial Introduction Getting Started 2 A Structural Description 2 Simulating the binaryToESeg Driver 4 Creating Ports For the Module 7 Creating a Testbench For a Module 8 Behavioral Modeling of Combinational Circuits 11 Procedural Models 12 Rules for Synthesizing Combinational Circuits 13 Procedural Modeling of Clocked Sequential Circuits 14 Modeling Finite State Machines 15 Rules for Synthesizing Sequential Systems 18 Non-Blocking Assignment ("

Author : R.B. Patel, Prem Nath
Publisher : KHANNA PUBLISHING HOUSE
Page : 480 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9789380016528

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Theory of Computation (With Formal Languages) by R.B. Patel, Prem Nath Pdf

This book has very simple and practical approach to make the understood the concept of automata theory and languages well. There are many solved descriptive problems and objective (multiple choices) questions, which is a unique feature of this book. The multiple choice questions provide a very good platform for the readers to prepare for various competitive exams.

Author : Mat Buckland
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Learning
Page : 522 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Computers
ISBN : 1556220782

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Programming Game AI by Example by Mat Buckland Pdf

This book describes in detail many of the AI techniques used in modern computer games, explicity shows how to implement these practical techniques within the framework of several game developers with a practical foundation to game AI.

Author : Tiziano Villa,Timothy Kam,Robert K Brayton
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 1997-04-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1461561566

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Synthesis of Finite State Machines by Tiziano Villa,Timothy Kam,Robert K Brayton Pdf

Author : Mordechai Ben-Ari,Francesco Mondada
Publisher : Springer
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2017-10-25
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783319625331

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Elements of Robotics by Mordechai Ben-Ari,Francesco Mondada Pdf

This open access book bridges the gap between playing with robots in school and studying robotics at the upper undergraduate and graduate levels to prepare for careers in industry and research. Robotic algorithms are presented formally, but using only mathematics known by high-school and first-year college students, such as calculus, matrices and probability. Concepts and algorithms are explained through detailed diagrams and calculations. Elements of Robotics presents an overview of different types of robots and the components used to build robots, but focuses on robotic algorithms: simple algorithms like odometry and feedback control, as well as algorithms for advanced topics like localization, mapping, image processing, machine learning and swarm robotics. These algorithms are demonstrated in simplified contexts that enable detailed computations to be performed and feasible activities to be posed. Students who study these simplified demonstrations will be well prepared for advanced study of robotics. The algorithms are presented at a relatively abstract level, not tied to any specific robot. Instead a generic robot is defined that uses elements common to most educational robots: differential drive with two motors, proximity sensors and some method of displaying output to the user. The theory is supplemented with over 100 activities, most of which can be successfully implemented using inexpensive educational robots. Activities that require more computation can be programmed on a computer. Archives are available with suggested implementations for the Thymio robot and standalone programs in Python.

Author : Shlomi Dolev,Ehud Gudes,Pascal Paillier
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 539 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2023-06-20
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783031346712

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Cyber Security, Cryptology, and Machine Learning by Shlomi Dolev,Ehud Gudes,Pascal Paillier Pdf

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Cyber Security, Cryptology, and Machine Learning, CSCML 2023, held in Be'er Sheva, Israel, in June 2023. The 21 full and 15 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 70 submissions. They deal with the theory, design, analysis, implementation, and application of cyber security, cryptography and machine learning systems and networks, and conceptually innovative topics in these research areas.