Fire And Climatic Change In Temperate Ecosystems Of The Western Americas

Author : Thomas T. Veblen,William L. Baker,Gloria Montenegro,Thomas W. Swetnam
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 446 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2006-05-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780387217109

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Fire and Climatic Change in Temperate Ecosystems of the Western Americas by Thomas T. Veblen,William L. Baker,Gloria Montenegro,Thomas W. Swetnam Pdf

Both fire and climatic variability have monumental impacts on the dynamics of temperate ecosystems. These impacts can sometimes be extreme or devastating as seen in recent El Nino/La Nina cycles and in uncontrolled fire occurrences. This volume brings together research conducted in western North and South America, areas of a great deal of collaborative work on the influence of people and climate change on fire regimes. In order to give perspective to patterns of change over time, it emphasizes the integration of paleoecological studies with studies of modern ecosystems. Data from a range of spatial scales, from individual plants to communities and ecosystems to landscape and regional levels, are included. Contributions come from fire ecology, paleoecology, biogeography, paleoclimatology, landscape and ecosystem ecology, ecological modeling, forest management, plant community ecology and plant morphology. The book gives a synthetic overview of methods, data and simulation models for evaluating fire regime processes in forests, shrublands and woodlands and assembles case studies of fire, climate and land use histories. The unique approach of this book gives researchers the benefits of a north-south comparison as well as the integration of paleoecological histories, current ecosystem dynamics and modeling of future changes.

Author : Thomas T. Veblen,Kenneth R. Young,Antony R. Orme
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2015-12-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 019803184X

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The Physical Geography of South America by Thomas T. Veblen,Kenneth R. Young,Antony R. Orme Pdf

The Physical Geography of South America, the eighth volume in the Oxford Regional Environments series, presents an enduring statement on the physical and biogeographic conditions of this remarkable continent and their relationships to human activity. It fills a void in recent environmental literature by assembling a team of specialists from within and beyond South America in order to provide an integrated, cross-disciplinary body of knowledge about this mostly tropical continent, together with its high mountains and temperate southern cone. The authors systematically cover the main components of the South American environment - tectonism, climate, glaciation, natural landscape changes, rivers, vegetation, animals, and soils. The book then presents more specific treatments of regions with special attributes from the tropical forests of the Amazon basin to the Atacama Desert and Patagonian steppe, and from the Atlantic, Caribbean, and Pacific coasts to the high Andes. Additionally, the continents environments are given a human face by evaluating the roles played by people over time, from pre-European and European colonial impacts to the effects of modern agriculture and urbanization, and from interactions with El Ni?o events to prognoses for the future environments of the continent.

Author : James Andrew Whitaker,Chelsey Geralda Armstrong,Guillaume Odonne
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2023-08-17
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781000924381

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Climatic and Ecological Change in the Americas by James Andrew Whitaker,Chelsey Geralda Armstrong,Guillaume Odonne Pdf

This book offers a comparative analysis of the experiences, responses, and adaptations of people to climate variability and environmental change across the Americas. It foregrounds historical ecology as a structural framework for understanding the climate change crisis throughout the region and throughout time. In recent years, Indigenous and local populations in particular have experienced climate change effects such as altered weather patterns, seasonal irregularities, flooding and drought, and difficulties relating to subsistence practices. Understanding and dealing with these challenges has drawn on peoples’ longstanding experience with climate variability and in some cases includes models of mitigation and responses that are millennia old. With contributions from specialists across the Americas, this volume will be of interest to scholars from fields including anthropology, archaeology, geography, environmental studies, and Indigenous studies.

Author : J. E. Keeley
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2011-05
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781437926118

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Ecological Foundations for Fire Management in North American Forest and Shrubland Ecosystems by J. E. Keeley Pdf

Provides an ecological foundation for mgmt. of the diverse ecosystems and fire regimes of N. America, based on scientific principles of fire interactions with vegetation, fuels, and biophysical processes. Detailed discussion of six ecosystems ¿ ponderosa pine forest (western N. America), chaparral (Calif.), boreal forest (Alaska and Canada), Great Basin sagebrush (inter-mountain West), pine and pine-hardwood forests (Southern Appalachian Mountains), and longleaf pine (Southeastern U.S.) ¿ illustrates the complexity of fire regimes and that fire mgmt. requires a clear regional focus that recognizes where conflicts might exist between fire hazard reduction and resource needs. Illustrations. This is a print on demand report.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 102 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Ecosystem management
ISBN : MINN:31951D02938265Q

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Ecological Foundations for Fire Management in North American Forest and Shrubland Ecosystems by Anonim Pdf

This synthesis provides an ecological foundation for management of the diverse ecosystems and fire regimes of North America, based on scientific principles of fire interactions with vegetation, fuels, and biophysical processes. Although a large amount of scientific data on fire exists, most of those data have been collected at small spatial and temporal scales. Thus, it is challenging to develop consistent science-based plans for large spatial and temporal scales where most fire management and planning occur. Understanding the regional geographic context of fire regimes is critical for developing appropriate and sustainable management strategies and policy. The degree to which human intervention has modified fire frequency, intensity, and severity varies greatly among different ecosystems, and must be considered when planning to alter fuel loads or implement restorative treatments. Detailed discussion of six ecosystems--ponderosa pine forest (western North America), chaparral (California), boreal forest (Alaska and Canada), Great Basin sagebrush (intermountain West), pine and pine-hardwood forests (Southern Appalachian Mountains), and longleaf pine (Southeastern United States)-- illustrates the complexity of fire regimes and that fire management requires a clear regional focus that recognizes where conflicts might exist between fire hazard reduction and resource needs. In some systems, such as ponderosa pine, treatments are usually compatible with both fuel reduction and resource needs, whereas in others, such as chaparral, the potential exists for conflicts that need to be closely evaluated. Managing fire regimes in a changing climate and social environment requires a strong scientific basis for developing fire management and policy.

Author : Paul Hanson,Stan D. Wullschleger
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 487 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461300212

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North American Temperate Deciduous Forest Responses to Changing Precipitation Regimes by Paul Hanson,Stan D. Wullschleger Pdf

Large-scale experimentation allows scientists to test the specific responses of ecosystems to changing environmental conditions. Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory together with other Federal and University scientists conducted a large-scale climatic change experiment at the Walker Branch Watershed in Tennessee, a model upland hardwood forest in North America. This volume synthesizes mechanisms of forest ecosystem response to changing hydrologic budgets associated with climatic change drivers. The authors explain the implications of changes at both the plant and stand levels, and they extrapolate the data to ecosystem-level responses, such as changes in nutrient cycling, biodiversity and carbon sequestration. In analyzing data, they also discuss similarities and differences with other temperate deciduous forests. Source data for the experiment has been archived by the authors in the U.S. Department of Energy's Carbon Dioxide Information and Analysis Center (CDIAC) for future analysis and modeling by independent investigators.

Author : Erik A. Beever,Jerrold L. Belant
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2011-10-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781420087208

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Ecological Consequences of Climate Change by Erik A. Beever,Jerrold L. Belant Pdf

Contemporary climate change is a crucial management challenge for wildlife scientists, conservation biologists, and ecologists of the 21st century. Climate fingerprints are being detected and documented in the responses of hundreds of wildlife species and numerous ecosystems around the world. To mitigate and accommodate the influences of climate change on wildlife and ecosystems, broader-scale conservation strategies are needed. Ecological Consequences of Climate Change: Mechanisms, Conservation, and Management provides a mechanistic understanding of biotic responses to climate change, in order to better inform conservation and management strategies. Incorporating modeling and real-world examples from diverse taxa, ecosystems, and spatio-temporal scales, the book first presents research on recently observed rapid shifts in temperature and precipitation. It then explains how these shifts alter the biotic landscape within species and ecosystems, and how they may be expected to impose changes in the future. Also included are major sections on monitoring and conservation efforts in the face of contemporary climate change. Contributors highlight the general trends expected in wildlife and ecological responses as well as the exceptions and contingencies that may mediate those responses. Topics covered include: Description and quantification of how aspects of climate have recently changed, and may change in the future Species-level and higher-order ecological responses to climate change and variability Approaches to monitor and interpret ecological effects of climatic variability Conservation and management efforts The book discusses the quantification of the magnitude and variability in short-term responses, and delineates patterns of relative vulnerability among species and community types. It offers suggestions for designing investigations and management actions, including the long-term monitoring of ecological consequences of rapid climate change. It also identifies many of the biggest gaps in current knowledge, proposing avenues for further research. Bringing together many of the world’s leading experts on ecological effects of climate change, this unique and timely volume constitutes a valuable resource for practitioners, researchers, and students.

Author : Jeanne C. Chambers,Craig R. Allen,Samuel A. Cushman
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 225 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2020-07-17
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889638673

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Operationalizing the Concepts of Resilience and Resistance for Managing Ecosystems and Species at Risk by Jeanne C. Chambers,Craig R. Allen,Samuel A. Cushman Pdf

Author : Karen J. Esler,Anna L. Jacobsen,R. Brandon Pratt
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780198739135

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The Biology of Mediterranean-Type Ecosystems by Karen J. Esler,Anna L. Jacobsen,R. Brandon Pratt Pdf

"Areas within the Mediterranean, South Africa, Australia, California, and Chile"--Back cover.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Forests and forestry
ISBN : MINN:31951D02960381A

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General Technical Report RMRS by Anonim Pdf

Author : Malcolm K. Hughes,Thomas W. Swetnam,Henry F. Diaz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2010-10-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402057250

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Dendroclimatology by Malcolm K. Hughes,Thomas W. Swetnam,Henry F. Diaz Pdf

A top priority in climate research is obtaining broad-extent and long-term data to support analyses of historical patterns and trends, and for model development and evaluation. Along with directly measured climate data from the present and recent past, it is important to obtain estimates of long past climate variations spanning multiple centuries and millennia. These longer time perspectives are needed for assessing the unusualness of recent climate changes, as well as for providing insight on the range, variation and overall dynamics of the climate system over time spans exceeding available records from instruments, such as rain gauges and thermometers. Tree rings have become increasingly valuable in providing this long-term information because extensive data networks have been developed in temperate and boreal zones of the Earth, and quantitative methods for analyzing these data have advanced. Tree rings are among the most useful paleoclimate information sources available because they provide a high degree of chronological accuracy, high replication, and extensive spatial coverage spanning recent centuries. With the expansion and extension of tree-ring data and analytical capacity new climatic insights from tree rings are being used in a variety of applications, including for interpretation of past changes in ecosystems and human societies. This volume presents an overview of the current state of dendroclimatology, its contributions over the last 30 years, and its future potential. The material included is useful not only to those who generate tree-ring records of past climate-dendroclimatologists, but also to users of their results-climatologists, hydrologists, ecologists and archeologists. ‘With the pressing climatic questions of the 21st century demanding a deeper understanding of the climate system and our impact upon it, this thoughtful volume comes at critical moment. It will be of fundamental importance in not only guiding researchers, but in educating scientists and the interested lay person on the both incredible power and potential pitfalls of reconstructing climate using tree-ring analysis.’, Glen M. MacDonald, UCLA Institute of the Environment, CA, USA ‘This is an up-to-date treatment of all branches of tree-ring science, by the world’s experts in the field, reminding us that tree rings are the most important source of proxy data on climate change. Should be read by all budding dendrochronology scientists.’, Alan Robock, Rutgers University, NJ, USA

Author : Sam Cushman
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Climatic changes
ISBN : IND:30000124796222

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Research Agenda for Integrated Landscape Modeling by Sam Cushman Pdf

Reliable predictions of how changing climate and disturbance regimes will affect forest ecosystems are crucial for effective forest management. Current fire and climate research in forest ecosystem and community ecology offers data and methods that can inform such predictions. However, research in these fields occurs at different scales, with disparate goals, methods, and context. Often results are not readily comparable among studies and defy integration. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of three modeling paradigms: empirical gradient models, mechanistic ecosystem models, and stochastic landscape disturbance models. We then propose a synthetic approach to multi-scale analysis of the effects of climatic change and disturbance on forest ecosystems. Empirical gradient models provide an anchor and spatial template for stand-level forest ecosystem models by quantifying key parameters for individual species and accounting for broad-scale geographic variation among them. Gradient imputation transfers predictions of fine-scale forest composition and structure across geographic space. Mechanistic ecosystem dynamic models predict the responses of biological variables to specific environmental drivers and facilitate understanding of temporal dynamics and disequilibrium. Stochastic landscape dynamics models predict frequency, extent, and severity of broad-scale disturbance. A robust linkage of these three modeling paradigms will facilitate prediction of the effects of altered fire and other disturbance regimes on forest ecosystems at multiple scales and in the context of climatic variability and change.

Author : John Vankat
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 465 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2013-05-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400761490

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Vegetation Dynamics on the Mountains and Plateaus of the American Southwest by John Vankat Pdf

The book provides information essential for anyone interested in the ecology of the American Southwest, including land managers, environmental planners, conservationists, ecologists and students. It is unique in its coverage of the hows and whys of dynamics (changes) in the major types of vegetation occurring on southwestern mountains and plateaus. It explains the drivers and processes of change, describes historical changes and provides conceptual models that diagrammatically illustrate past, present, and potential future changes. All major types of vegetation are covered: spruce-fir, mixed conifer, and ponderosa pine forests, pinyon-juniper vegetation, subalpine-montane grassland, and Gambel oak and interior chaparral shrublands. The focus is on vegetation that is relatively undisturbed, i.e., in natural and near-natural condition, and how it responds to natural disturbances such as fire and drought, as well as to anthropogenic disturbances such as fire exclusion and invasive species

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Reform. Subcommittee on Energy Policy, Natural Resources, and Regulatory Affairs
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCSD:31822030305403

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Wildfires in the West by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Reform. Subcommittee on Energy Policy, Natural Resources, and Regulatory Affairs Pdf

Author : Thomas A. Rumney
Publisher : Scarecrow Press
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2013-04-18
Category : Reference
ISBN : 9780810886353

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The Geography of South America by Thomas A. Rumney Pdf

South America is an area of fascination and study for geographers and other scholars from around the world, and its land and people have played important roles in the discovery and distribution of civilizations, resources, and nations for millennia. The region has long stimulated a large amount of research across the many subdisciplines of geography, and Thomas A. Rumney collects, organizes, and presents as many scholarly publications as possible in The Geography of South America: A Scholarly Guide and Bibliography. Every South American nation is included: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Surinam, Uruguay, and Venezuela. Beginning with an overview of the region as a whole, successive chapters, one per nation, are divided by specific subdisciplines of geography: cultural, social, economic, historical, physical and environmental, political, and urban. Each section is then divided by document type: atlases, books, book chapters, articles from scholarly journals, master’s theses, and doctoral dissertations. Although the majority of entries focus on English-language works, selected entries written in Spanish, French, German, and other languages are also included (with the entry titles translated into English and noted accordingly).