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Author : Edward M. Gramlich
Publisher : OECD
Page : 34 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Budget
ISBN : STANFORD:36105005524165
Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 30 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1990-08-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781451957044
The search for ways to ensure growth while accommodating necessary expenditure cuts to correct fiscal imbalances, has often led to the advocacy of the government own savings (GOS) measure as an indicator of growth potential in fiscal adjustment. This paper critically examines the rationale of this approach and its implicit assumption of the primacy of capital expenditure for the growth process. In light of the problems revealed in the GOS approach, the paper explores the possibility of alternative weighted expenditure indicators and illustrates the proposed technique, employing data from Thailand.
Author : Jack Diamond
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Economic development
ISBN : OCLC:1192842669
Author : Richard J. Reeder
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Economic indicators
ISBN : UIUC:30112018887635
Author : Robert Graham King,Ross Levine
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 55 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Economic development
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Financial indicators may be linked to growth through two "channels" in particular: the share of GDP allocated to investment and the efficiency with which resources are used. It is empirically important to identify which financial intermediaries are doing the intermediation and to whom the financial system is allocating credit rather than simply using proxies for the overall size of the financial system, as has been common in past studies.
Author : Ms.Jocelyn Horne
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 34 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 1991-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781451842081
This paper assesses the usefulness of summary measures of fiscal sustainability for the purpose of multilateral surveillance. An overview of the main conceptual issues is first presented. Next, an assessment is made of the strengths and weaknesses of the summary measures in the context of their recent application to industrial countries by the OECD and the Fund. The measures are shown to highlight the inadequacy of using trends in public debt ratios to assess sustainability. However, the measures and their recent application are subject to a number of caveats, in particular in relation to their sensitivity to the discount rate, time paths of government expenditures and private sector behavior.
Author : The Economist
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2011-09-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781118163214
The ultimate resource for understanding and interpreting important economic figures Economic indicators are increasingly complicated to compute and comprehend. Yet in today's challenging economic environment, economic indicators are also more important than ever. This highly accessible seventh edition of the Guide to Economic Indicators presents the complicated subject of economic indicators in a conversational tone, helping readers to quickly gain an understanding of economic indicators, including why they're important, how to interpret them, and their reliability in predicting future economic performance. The book Describes how economic indicators can be manipulated to demonstrate almost any business cycle Examines how GDP, invisible balances, the terms of trade, and unemployment are used to interpret economic data Includes over ninety tables and charts Fully updated and revised, the Guide to Economic Indicators, 7th Edition is an invaluable resource for anyone searching for a clear explanation of the world's underlying economic realities.
Author : Robert Graham King,Ross Levine
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 49 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Desarrollo economico
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Author : The Economist
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2011-09-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781118163191
The ultimate resource for understanding and interpreting important economic figures Economic indicators are increasingly complicated to compute and comprehend. Yet in today's challenging economic environment, economic indicators are also more important than ever. This highly accessible seventh edition of the Guide to Economic Indicators presents the complicated subject of economic indicators in a conversational tone, helping readers to quickly gain an understanding of economic indicators, including why they're important, how to interpret them, and their reliability in predicting future economic performance. The book Describes how economic indicators can be manipulated to demonstrate almost any business cycle Examines how GDP, invisible balances, the terms of trade, and unemployment are used to interpret economic data Includes over ninety tables and charts Fully updated and revised, the Guide to Economic Indicators, 7th Edition is an invaluable resource for anyone searching for a clear explanation of the world's underlying economic realities.
Author : Martin Bruns,Mr.Tigran Poghosyan
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 37 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2016-02-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781475594799
Early warning systems (EWS) are widely used for assessing countries’ vulnerability to fiscal distress. Most EWS employ a specific set of only fiscal leading indicators predetermined by the researchers, which casts doubt on their robustness. We revisit this issue by using the Extreme Bound Analysis, which allows identifying robust leading indicators of fiscal distress from a large set. Consistent with the theoretical predictions of latest generation crisis models, we find that both fiscal (e.g., fiscal balance, foreign exchange debt) and non-fiscal leading indicators (e.g., output, FX reserves, current account balance, and openness) are robust. In addition, we find that a fiscal vulnerability indicator based on fiscal and non-fiscal leading indicators offers a 29% gain in predictive power compared to a traditional one based on fiscal leading indicators only. It also has good predictive power out of sample, with 78 percent of crises predicted correctly and only 34 percent false alarms issued for the period 2008–15. This suggests that both fiscal and non-fiscal leading indicators should be taken into account when assessing country’s vulnerability to fiscal distress.
Author : Mr.Carlo Cottarelli,Laura Jaramillo
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 30 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2012-05-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781475503913
Implementation of fiscal consolidation by advanced economies in coming years needs to take into account the short and long-run interactions between economic growth and fiscal policy. Many countries must reduce high public debt to GDP ratios that penalize longterm growth. However, fiscal adjustment is likely to hurt growth in the short run, delaying improvements in fiscal indicators, including deficits, debt, and financing costs. Revenue and expenditure policies are also critical in affecting productivity and employment growth. This paper discusses the complex relationships between fiscal policy and growth both in the short and in the long run.
Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2015-04-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781498344654
This paper explores how fiscal policy can affect medium- to long-term growth. It identifies the main channels through which fiscal policy can influence growth and distills practical lessons for policymakers. The particular mix of policy measures, however, will depend on country-specific conditions, capacities, and preferences. The paper draws on the Fund’s extensive technical assistance on fiscal reforms as well as several analytical studies, including a novel approach for country studies, a statistical analysis of growth accelerations following fiscal reforms, and simulations of an endogenous growth model.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1352129628
Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 78 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2018-10-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464813696
The South Asia Economic Focus is a biannual economic update presenting recent economic developments and a near term economic outlook for South Asia. It includes a Focus section presenting more in depth analysis of an economic topic of relevance for stability, growth and prosperity in the region as well as country briefs covering Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. It concludes with a data section providing key economic indicators for South Asia "at a glance". Overall, it aims at providing important background information and timely analysis of key indicators and economic and financial developments of relevance to World Bank Group operations and interaction with counterparts in the region, particularly during annual and spring meeting
Author : Fernando Blanco,Pablo Saavedra,Friederike Koehler-Geib,Emilia Skrok
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2020-10-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464815812
Following the collapse of commodity prices in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) in 2014-15, many countries in the region were unable to cushion the impact of the shock in order to experience a more gradual adjustment, to a large extent because they had not built adequate fiscal buffers during the commodities’ windfall from 2010-14. Many LAC countries entered 2020 and the COVID-19 crisis in an even more difficult position, with rising debt and limited fiscal space to smooth the negative impacts of the pandemic and adequately support their economies. Fiscal policy in most LAC countries has been procyclical. Public expenditure and debt levels have expanded in good times and contracted in severe downswings due to insufficient fiscal buffers, making crises deeper. Fiscal rules represent a promising policy option for these and other economies. If well-designed and implemented, they can help build buffers during periods of strong economic performance that will be available during rainy days to smooth economic shocks. This book—which was prepared before the COVID-19 crisis—reviews the performance and implementation of different fiscal rules in the region and world. It provides analytical and practical criteria for policy makers for the design, establishment, and feasible implementation of fiscal rules based on each country's business cycle features, external characteristics, type of shocks faced, initial fiscal conditions, technical and institutional capacities, and political context. While establishing new fiscal rules would not help to attenuate the immediate effects of this pandemic crisis, higher debt levels in the aftermath of COVID-19 will demand rebuilding better and stronger institutional frameworks of fiscal policy in LAC and emerging economies globally. Having stronger fiscal mechanisms that include fiscal rules can help countries prepare for the next crisis and should be on the front burner for policy makers in coming years. The findings and lessons discussed apply to economies of different sizes, with some differences under certain scenarios in terms of the technical design and criteria needed for implementation. In this book, policy makers will find that fiscal rules, if tailored to country characteristics, can work and be an essential fiscal tool for larger and particularly smaller economies.