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Author : Michael Jansen,Máire Mulloy,Günter Urban
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Excavations (Archaeology)
ISBN : STANFORD:36105112252395
Author : Nayanjot Lahiri
Publisher : Seagull Books
Page : 424 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015064892196
A story behind the archeological discovery that changed the history books forever.
Author : Jonathan M. Kenoyer
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015048843364
Ancient Cities of the Indus Valley Civilization presents a refreshingly new perspective on the earliest cities of Pakistan and western India (2600-1900 BC). Through a careful examination of the most recent archaeological discoveries from excavations in both Pakistan and India, the author provides a stimulating discussion on the nature of the early cities and their inhabitants. This detailed study of the Indus architecture and civic organization also takes into account the distinctive crafts and technological developments that accompanied the emergence of urbanism. Indus trade and economy as well as political and religious organizations are illuminated through comparisons with other contemporaneous civilizations in Mesopotamia and Central Asia and through ethnoarchaeological studies in later cultures of South Asia.
Author : Ilona Aronovsky,Sujata Gopinath
Publisher : Capstone
Page : 49 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2016-08
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 9781484636442
Uses archeological excavations to find out about the civilization of the Indus Valley.
Author : Andrew Robinson
Publisher : Reaktion Books
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2015-11-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781780235417
When Alexander the Great invaded the Indus Valley in the fourth century BCE, he was completely unaware that it had once been the center of a civilization that could have challenged ancient Egypt and neighboring Mesopotamia in size and sophistication. In this accessible introduction, Andrew Robinson tells the story—so far as we know it—of this enigmatic people, who lay forgotten for around 4,000 years. Going back to 2600 BCE, Robinson investigates a civilization that flourished over half a millennium, until 1900 BCE, when it mysteriously declined and eventually vanished. Only in the 1920s, did British and Indian archaeologists in search of Alexander stumble upon the ruins of a civilization in what is now northwest India and eastern Pakistan. Robinson surveys a network of settlements—more than 1,000—that covered over 800,000 square kilometers. He examines the technically advanced features of some of the civilization’s ancient cities, such as Harappa and Mohenjo-daro, where archaeologists have found finely crafted gemstone jewelry, an exquisite part-pictographic writing system (still requiring decipherment), apparently Hindu symbolism, plumbing systems that would not be bettered until the Roman empire, and street planning worthy of our modern world. He also notes what is missing: any evidence of warfare, notwithstanding an adventurous maritime trade between the Indus cities and Mesopotamia via the Persian Gulf. A fascinating look at a tantalizingly “lost” civilization, this book is a testament to its artistic excellence, technological progress, economic vigor, and social tolerance, not to mention the Indus legacy to modern South Asia and the wider world.
Author : Gregory L. Possehl
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 484 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Cities and towns, Ancient
ISBN : 0890890935
Author : Alice Albinia
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 401 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2010-04-05
Category : History
ISBN : 9780393338607
Albinia follows the Indus River in Asia, one of the largest rivers in the world, through 2,000 miles of geography and back to a time 5,000 years ago when a string of sophisticated cities grew on its banks. Illustrations.
Author : Rita P. Wright
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2009-10-26
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0521572193
This early civilization was erased from human memory until 1924, when it was rediscovered and announced in the Illustrated London Times. Our understanding of the Indus has been partially advanced by textual sources from Mesopotamia that contain references to Meluhha, a land identified by cuneiform specialists as the Indus, with which the ancient Mesopotamians traded and engaged in battles. In this volume, Rita P. Wright uses both Mesopotamian texts but principally the results of archaeological excavations and surveys to draw a rich account of the Indus civilization's well-planned cities, its sophisticated alterations to the landscape, and the complexities of its agrarian and craft-producing economy. She focuses principally on the social networks established between city and rural communities; farmers, pastoralists, and craft producers; and Indus merchants and traders and the symbolic imagery that the civilization shared with contemporary cultures in Iran, Mesopotamia, Central Asia, and the Persian Gulf region. Broadly comparative, her study emphasizes the interconnected nature of early societies.
Author : Annalee Newitz
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2021-02-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780393652673
Named a Best Book of the Year by NPR and Science Friday A quest to explore some of the most spectacular ancient cities in human history—and figure out why people abandoned them. In Four Lost Cities, acclaimed science journalist Annalee Newitz takes readers on an entertaining and mind-bending adventure into the deep history of urban life. Investigating across the centuries and around the world, Newitz explores the rise and fall of four ancient cities, each the center of a sophisticated civilization: the Neolithic site of Çatalhöyük in Central Turkey, the Roman vacation town of Pompeii on Italy’s southern coast, the medieval megacity of Angkor in Cambodia, and the indigenous metropolis Cahokia, which stood beside the Mississippi River where East St. Louis is today. Newitz travels to all four sites and investigates the cutting-edge research in archaeology, revealing the mix of environmental changes and political turmoil that doomed these ancient settlements. Tracing the early development of urban planning, Newitz also introduces us to the often anonymous workers—slaves, women, immigrants, and manual laborers—who built these cities and created monuments that lasted millennia. Four Lost Cities is a journey into the forgotten past, but, foreseeing a future in which the majority of people on Earth will be living in cities, it may also reveal something of our own fate.
Author : Eileen Kernaghan
Publisher : Flying Monkey Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Fantasy fiction, Canadian
ISBN : 0973401206
Author : Rao Bahadur K N Dikshit
Publisher : Legare Street Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2022-10-27
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1016132875
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Author : Hugh Chisholm
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1016 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1911
Category : Encyclopedias and dictionaries
ISBN : UOM:39015015204509
Author : Mortimer Wheeler
Publisher : CUP Archive
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1968-09-02
Category : History
ISBN : 0521069580
This book discusses climate and dating of the Indus Valley civilization and Sir Mortimer Wheeler summarizes other contributions to the study.
Author : Jonathan M. Kenoyer
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015043778383
Ancient Cities of the Indus Valley Civilization presents a refreshingly new perspective on the earliest cities of Pakistan and western India (2600-1900 BC). Through a careful examination of the most recent archaeological discoveries from excavations in both Pakistan and India, the author provides a stimulating discussion on the nature of the early cities and their inhabitants. This detailed study of the Indus architecture and civic organization also takes into account the distinctive crafts and technological developments that accompanied the emergence of urbanism. Indus trade and economy as well as political and religious organizations are illuminated through comparisons with other contemporaneous civilizations in Mesopotamia and Central Asia and through ethnoarchaeological studies in later cultures of South Asia.
Author : Charles River Charles River Editors,Charles River
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 58 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2017-03-23
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 154487555X
*Includes pictures *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading ..".the ever present menace of inundation." - Sir John Marshall, 1931 What is a city? A simple definition is a "largely constructed landscape," and through inferences and comparisons with modern states, a successful ancient city is generally said to have a number of defining characteristics: evidence of political hierarchies; a centralized authority that is simultaneously dependent on the accumulation of resources and the suppression of competitors; the maintenance of continuous negotiation, alliance building, and occasionally costly and risky investments such as warfare; specialized crafts; a hinterland supplying food; and monumental statements of central planning and communal effort, such as the Mesopotamian ziggurats. Mohenjo-daro was the largest city of the Indus Valley Civilization, one of the most advanced civilizations to have ever existed, and the best-known and most ancient prehistoric urban site on the Indian subcontinent. It was a metropolis of great cultural, economic, and political importance that dates from the beginning of the 3rd millennium BCE. Although it primarily flourished between approximately 2500 and 1500 BCE, the city had longer lasting influences on the urbanization of the Indian subcontinent for centuries after its abandonment. It is believed to have been one of two capital cities of the Indus Civilization, its twin being Harappa located further north in Punjab, Pakistan. Mohenjo-daro is an enigmatic settlement, which confuses simple definitions of what a city consists of. It has revealed little evidence of palaces, contains few definite religious buildings, and appears to have never been involved in any external or internal military conflict. The inhabitants' writing has not been deciphered, and little is known about their religious and post-mortuary beliefs. Nonetheless, the city's importance is epitomized by its monumental buildings and walls, enormous manmade platforms, innovative architectural techniques, and evidence that they engaged in trade over vast distances, with high-quality artifacts sent from the Indus Valley as far as Mesopotamia and even Africa. Of particular note was their ingenious drainage system -one of the earliest means by which sewage was drained out of the city. No other urban site of similar size had a hydraulic network as complex and effective as that of Mohenjo-daro, and it would only be surpassed thousands of years later by the network of aqueducts in Rome during the third century CE. For centuries this city was believed to have sprung into existence suddenly and without precedent, with a highly standardized system of urban development, art, and architecture that is emulated in contemporary settlements across the Indus River Valley in a phenomenon known as the "Pan-Indus system." Although this view has changed over the last few decades, there exists no definitive hypothesis as to how they grew such a complex urban society so quickly. Fittingly, the city has an equally intriguing and mysterious narrative that explains its decline and eventual disappearance, a tale that gives the site its name: the "Hill of the Dead." The Indus Valley Civilization was forgotten for millennia, until 20th century archaeologists rediscovered and began excavations at Mohenjo-daro and Harappa. Today only foundations remain, but the site's importance is represented by its UNESCO World Heritage status, awarded in 1980 for being a site of outstanding cultural importance to the common heritage of humanity. Mohenjo-daro: The History and Legacy of the Ancient Settlement of the Indus Valley Civilization looks at the history of the site and the archaeological work on it. Along with pictures depicting important people, places, and events, you will learn about Mohenjo-daro like never before.
