Founding Grammars

Author : Rosemarie Ostler
Publisher : Macmillan + ORM
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2015-05-12
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781466846289

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Founding Grammars by Rosemarie Ostler Pdf

Who decided not to split infinitives? With whom should we take issue if in fact, we wish to boldly write what no grammarian hath writ before? In Founding Grammars, Rosemarie Ostler delves into the roots of our grammar obsession to answer these questions and many more. Standard grammar and accurate spelling are widely considered hallmarks of a good education, but their exact definitions are much more contentious - capable of inciting a full-blown grammar war at the splice of a comma, battles readily visible in the media and online in the comments of blogs and chat rooms. With an accessible and enthusiastic journalistic approach, Ostler considers these grammatical shibboleths, tracing current debates back to America's earliest days, an era when most families owned only two books - the Bible and a grammar primer. Along the way, she investigates colorful historical characters on both sides of the grammar debate in her efforts to unmask the origins of contemporary speech. Linguistic founding fathers like Noah Webster, Tory expatriate Lindley Murray, and post-Civil War literary critic Richard Grant White,all play a featured role in creating the rules we've come to use, and occasionally discard, throughout the years. Founding Grammars is for curious readers who want to know where grammar rules have come from, where they've been, and where they might go next.

Author : Rosemarie Ostler
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2023-08-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780197647318

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The United States of English by Rosemarie Ostler Pdf

The story of how English became American -- and how it became Southern, Bostonian, Californian, African-American, Chicano, elite, working-class, urban, rural, and everything in between By the time of the Revolution, the English that Americans spoke was recognizably different from the British variety. Americans added dozens of new words to the language, either borrowed from Native Americans (raccoon, persimmon, caucus) or created from repurposed English (backwoods, cane brake, salt lick). Americans had their own pronunciations (bath rhymed with hat, not hot) and their own spelling (honor, not honour), not to mention a host of new expressions that grew out of the American landscape and culture (blaze a trail, back track, pull up stakes). Americans even invented their own slang, like stiff as a ringbolt to mean drunk. American English has continued to grow and change ever since. The United States of English tells the engrossing tale of how the American language evolved over four hundred years, explaining both how and why it changed and which parts of the "mother tongue" it preserved (I guess was heard in the British countryside long before it became a typical Americanism). Rosemarie Ostler approaches American English as part of the larger story of American history and culture, starting with what we know about the first colonists and their speech. Drawing on the latest research, she explores the roots of regional dialects, the differences between British and American language use, the sources of American slang, the development of African American English, current trends in political language, and much more. Plentiful examples of the American vernacular, past and present, bring the language to life and make for an engaging as well as enlightening read.

Author : John HENLEY (called “Orator Henley.”.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1726
Category : Electronic
ISBN : BL:A0017612215

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An Introduction to an English Grammar: containing I. A compendious way to master any language in the world. II. A particular account of those eastern and northern tongues, grammars of which are not publish'd in the collection to which this attempt belongs ... III. A dissertation on the Saxon. IV. A grammar of it. Being number X., of the Complete Linguist, etc by John HENLEY (called “Orator Henley.”.) Pdf

Author : Kathryn Yusoff
Publisher : Duke University Press
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2024-03-18
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781478059288

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Geologic Life by Kathryn Yusoff Pdf

In Geologic Life, Kathryn Yusoff theorizes the processes by which race and racialization emerged geologically. Examining both the history of geology as a discipline and ongoing mineral and resource extraction, Yusoff locates forms of imperial geology embedded in Western and Enlightenment thought and highlights how it creates anti-Black, anti-Indigenous, and anti-Brown environmental and racial injustices. Throughout, she outlines how the disciplines of geology and geography---and their conventions: surveying, identifying, classifying, valuing, and extracting—established and perpetuated colonial practices that ordered the world and people along a racial axis. Examining the conceptualization of the inhuman as political, geophysical, and paleontological, Yusoff unearths an apartheid of materiality as distinct geospatial forms. This colonial practice of geology organized and underpinned racialized accounts of space and time in ways that materially made Anthropocene Earth. At the same time, Yusoff turns to Caribbean, Indigenous, and Black thought to chart a parallel geologic epistemology of the "earth-bound" that challenges what and who the humanities have chosen to overlook in its stories of the earth. By reconsidering the material epistemologies of the earth as an on-going geotrauma in colonial afterlives, Yusoff demonstrates that race is as much a geological formation as a biological one.

Author : Tiago Timponi Torrent,Ely Edison da Silva Matos,Natália Sathler Sigiliano
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
Page : 182 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2022-07-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027257529

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Construction Grammar across Borders by Tiago Timponi Torrent,Ely Edison da Silva Matos,Natália Sathler Sigiliano Pdf

Since its foundation in the 1980's, Construction Grammar has been crossing the traditionally imposed borders. From superimposed levels of analysis to the lexicon-grammar continuum, the constructionist approach to language has been built by, quoting Charles Fillmore, "the insistence on seeing specific grammatical patterns as serving given semantic (and often pragmatic) purposes, and in the effort to construct a uniform theory capable of presenting both the simplest and most general aspects of language and the large world of complex grammatical structures". In this volume, five chapters derived from the plenary talks at the 9th International Conference on Construction Grammar provide a sample of the bridges the insistence and effort of construction grammarians have built in the past three decades with other analytical models – namely Cognitive Grammar and Collostructional Analysis –, perspectives – Diachronic Construction Grammar – and applications – Language Pedagogy and Natural Language Understanding. Originally published as special issue of Constructions and Frames 12:1 (2020).

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 1869
Category : Electronic
ISBN : BSB:BSB10762528

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Schools Inquiry Commission by Anonim Pdf

Author : Schools inquiry commission
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1034 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1868
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OXFORD:555057892

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Report of the commissioners by Schools inquiry commission Pdf

Author : Els Elffers-van Ketel
Publisher : Rodopi
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9051832656

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The Historiography of Grammatical Concepts by Els Elffers-van Ketel Pdf

Author : Mary-Kate Mackey
Publisher : Red Wheel/Weiser
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2016-12-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781632659385

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Write Better Right Now by Mary-Kate Mackey Pdf

A veteran writing teacher shares techniques and exercises to help anyone who struggles with written communication create effective and engaging content. In almost any career, you must know how to write—even if it’s not part of your job description. But if you are a reluctant writer, producing even the simplest memo may be a struggle. Write Better Right Now is the springboard to get you ahead in any job, passion project, or situation that requires writing skills. No matter what you are called upon to do—blog posts, speeches, web content, press releases, or more—this step-by-step manual gives you the solid techniques you need to get the task done. Write Better Right Now works because it is: —Short: It takes a concise approach, from first thoughts to final edits, and its mix-and-match structure means you only have to read the sections you need. —Practical: It is loaded with summations, short cuts, tips, cheat sheets, and hands-on exercises. —Solution-driven: Knowing where you’ve gone wrong is half the battle. Write Better Right Now offers you the tools to identify your own problem patterns and choose the quickest and most appropriate fixes. You can improve your writing today. With straightforward guidance, Write Better Right Now is the quick read for productive people who need to create clear and crisp communication—right now.

Author : Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1050 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 1869
Category : Bills, Legislative
ISBN : HARVARD:32044106494685

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Parliamentary Papers by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons Pdf

Author : Allen Fisk
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1822
Category : English language
ISBN : NYPL:33433069257420

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Murray's English Grammar Simplified by Allen Fisk Pdf

Author : Ralph Keyes
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2021-02-19
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780190466787

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The Hidden History of Coined Words by Ralph Keyes Pdf

Successful word-coinages--those that stay in currency for a good long time--tend to conceal their beginnings. We take them at face value and rarely when and where they were first minted. Engaging, illuminating, and authoritative, Ralph Keyes's The Hidden History of Coined Words explores the etymological underworld of terms and expressions and uncovers plenty of hidden gems. He also finds some fascinating patterns, such as that successful neologisms are as likely to be created by chance as by design. A remarkable number of new words were coined whimsically, originally intended to troll or taunt. Knickers, for example, resulted from a hoax; big bang from an insult. Casual wisecracking produced software, crowdsource, and blog. More than a few resulted from happy accidents, such as typos, mistranslations, and mishearing (bigly and buttonhole), or from being taken entirely out of context (robotics). Neologizers (a Thomas Jefferson coinage) include not just scholars and writers but cartoonists, columnists, children's book authors. Wimp originated with a book series, as did goop, and nerd from a book by Dr. Seuss. Coinages are often contested, controversy swirling around such terms as gonzo, mojo, and booty call. Keyes considers all contenders, while also leading us through the fray between new word partisans, and those who resist them strenuously. He concludes with advice about how to make your own successful coinage. The Hidden History of Coined Words will appeal not just to word mavens but history buffs, trivia contesters, and anyone who loves the immersive power of language.

Author : Jess McHugh
Publisher : Penguin
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2021-06-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9781524746650

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Americanon by Jess McHugh Pdf

“An elegant, meticulously researched, and eminently readable history of the books that define us as Americans. For history buffs and book-lovers alike, McHugh offers us a precious gift.”—Jake Halpern, Pulitzer Prize winner and New York Times bestselling author “With her usual eye for detail and knack for smart storytelling, Jess McHugh takes a savvy and sensitive look at the 'secret origins' of the books that made and defined us. . . . You won't want to miss a one moment of it.”—Brian Jay Jones, author of Becoming Dr. Seuss and the New York Times bestselling Jim Henson The true, fascinating, and remarkable history of thirteen books that defined a nation Surprising and delightfully engrossing, Americanon explores the true history of thirteen of the nation’s most popular books. Overlooked for centuries, our simple dictionaries, spellers, almanacs, and how-to manuals are the unexamined touchstones for American cultures and customs. These books sold tens of millions of copies and set out specific archetypes for the ideal American, from the self-made entrepreneur to the humble farmer. Benjamin Franklin’s Autobiography, How to Win Friends and Influence People, Webster's Dictionary, Emily Post’s Etiquette: Americanon looks at how these ubiquitous books have updated and reemphasized potent American ideals—about meritocracy, patriotism, or individualism—at crucial moments in history. Old favorites like the Old Farmer’s Almanac and Betty Crocker’s Picture Cook Book are seen in this new way—not just as popular books but as foundational texts that shaped our understanding of the American story. Taken together, these books help us understand how their authors, most of them part of a powerful minority, attempted to construct meaning for the majority. Their beliefs and quirks—as well as personal interests, prejudices, and often strange personalities—informed the values and habits of millions of Americans, woven into our cultural DNA over generations of reading and dog-earing. Yet their influence remains uninvestigated--until now. What better way to understand a people than to look at the books they consumed most, the ones they returned to repeatedly, with questions about everything from spelling to social mobility to sex. This fresh and engaging book is American history as you’ve never encountered it before.

Author : Rosemarie Tracy
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 541 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2011-05-03
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783111633824

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Who Climbs the Grammar-Tree by Rosemarie Tracy Pdf

Over the past few decades, the book series Linguistische Arbeiten [Linguistic Studies], comprising over 500 volumes, has made a significant contribution to the development of linguistic theory both in Germany and internationally. The series will continue to deliver new impulses for research and maintain the central insight of linguistics that progress can only be made in acquiring new knowledge about human languages both synchronically and diachronically by closely combining empirical and theoretical analyses. To this end, we invite submission of high-quality linguistic studies from all the central areas of general linguistics and the linguistics of individual languages which address topical questions, discuss new data and advance the development of linguistic theory.

Author : Peter Martin
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2020-09-08
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691210179

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The Dictionary Wars by Peter Martin Pdf

Peter Martin recounts the patriotic fervor in the early American republic to produce a definitive national dictionary that would rival Samuel Johnson's 1755 Dictionary of the English Language. But what began as a cultural war of independence from Britain devolved into a battle among lexicographers, authors, scholars, and publishers, all vying for dictionary supremacy and shattering forever the dream of a unified American language.