Four Dichotomies In Spanish Adjective Position Adjectival Clauses Ser Estar And Preterite Imperfect

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Four Dichotomies in Spanish: Adjective Position, Adjectival Clauses, Ser/Estar, and Preterite/Imperfect

Luis H. González
Four Dichotomies in Spanish Adjective Position Adjectival Clauses Ser Estar and Preterite Imperfect Book PDF

Author : Luis H. González
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 77 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2020-11-29
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781000288933

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Four Dichotomies in Spanish: Adjective Position, Adjectival Clauses, Ser/Estar, and Preterite/Imperfect by Luis H. González Pdf

Examining four dichotomies in Spanish, this book shows how to reduce the six to ten rules common in textbooks for each contrast to a single binary distinction. That distinction is a form of totality vs. part, easier to see in some of the dichotomies, but present in all of them. Every chapter is example-driven, and many of those examples come from writing by students. Readers can test out for themselves the explanation at work in the examples provided. Then, those examples are explained step by step. In addition to examples from writing by college students, there are examples from RAE (Real Academia Española), from scholars, from writers, from Corpes XXI (RAE), from the Centro Virtual Cervantes, and from the Internet. Many of those examples are presented to the reader as exercises, and answers are provided. This book was written for teachers of Spanish as a second language (L2) and for minors or majors of Spanish as an L2. It will also benefit teachers and learners of other L2s with some of these dichotomies.

Four Dichotomies in Spanish: Adjective Position, Adjectival Clauses, Ser/Estar, and Preterite/Imperfect

Luis H. González
Four Dichotomies in Spanish Adjective Position Adjectival Clauses Ser Estar and Preterite Imperfect Book PDF

Author : Luis H. González
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2020-11-29
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 9781000288834

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Four Dichotomies in Spanish: Adjective Position, Adjectival Clauses, Ser/Estar, and Preterite/Imperfect by Luis H. González Pdf

Examining four dichotomies in Spanish, this book shows how to reduce the six to ten rules common in textbooks for each contrast to a single binary distinction. That distinction is a form of totality vs. part, easier to see in some of the dichotomies, but present in all of them. Every chapter is example-driven, and many of those examples come from writing by students. Readers can test out for themselves the explanation at work in the examples provided. Then, those examples are explained step by step. In addition to examples from writing by college students, there are examples from RAE (Real Academia Española), from scholars, from writers, from Corpes XXI (RAE), from the Centro Virtual Cervantes, and from the Internet. Many of those examples are presented to the reader as exercises, and answers are provided. This book was written for teachers of Spanish as a second language (L2) and for minors or majors of Spanish as an L2. It will also benefit teachers and learners of other L2s with some of these dichotomies.

The Fundamentally Simple Logic of Language

Luis H. González
The Fundamentally Simple Logic of Language Book PDF

Author : Luis H. González
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 86 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2021-02-07
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 9781000356519

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The Fundamentally Simple Logic of Language by Luis H. González Pdf

The Fundamentally Simple Logic of Language: Learning a Second Language with the Tools of the Native Speaker presents a data-driven approach to understanding how native speakers do not use subject and direct object to process language. Native speakers know who does what in a sentence by applying intuitively two simple inferences that are argued to be part of universal grammar. The book explains and exemplifies these two inferences throughout. These two inferences explain the native speaker’s ease of acquisition and use, and answer difficult questions for linguistics (transitivity, case, semantic roles) in such a way that undergraduate students and second language learners can understand these concepts and apply them to their own language acquisition. While Spanish is used as the primary example, the theory can be applied to many other languages. This book will appeal to teachers and learners of any second language, as well as linguists interested in second language acquisition, in second language teaching, and in argument structure.

Understanding and Teaching Reflexive Sentences in Spanish

Luis H. González
Understanding and Teaching Reflexive Sentences in Spanish Book PDF

Author : Luis H. González
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 80 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2022-02-24
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 9781000574357

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Understanding and Teaching Reflexive Sentences in Spanish by Luis H. González Pdf

Understanding and Teaching Reflexive Sentences in Spanish provides a fresh, simple, and novel approach to understanding and teaching the use of the intransitivizing se. Understanding reflexive sentences can be challenging for learners of Spanish. Instead of expecting learners to memorize multiple rules, the author offers one simple rule that allows learners to intuitively understand and use reflexive sentences. Sample exercises for students at all levels of language proficiency are also provided to practice and internalize the new approach. This book will be of interest to teachers and learners of any second language, as well as linguists interested in second language acquisition or in second language teaching or pedagogy.

Understanding and Teaching the Indirect Object in Spanish

Luis H. González
Understanding and Teaching the Indirect Object in Spanish Book PDF

Author : Luis H. González
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 93 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2023-06-30
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 9781000937657

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Understanding and Teaching the Indirect Object in Spanish by Luis H. González Pdf

Understanding and Teaching the Indirect Object in Spanish presents an easy-to-understand approach to all aspects of direct and indirect objects in Spanish. Distinguishing between direct and indirect objects can pose challenges for learners and is almost impossible to do using the tools that linguists have traditionally used. This book offers two simple, all-encompassing inferences that allow learners to tackle this area of language by intuitively inferring the distinction, as native speakers do, between verber and verbed. This book will be of interest to teachers and learners of Spanish and other second languages, as well as linguists interested in argument structure, second language acquisition, second language teaching or pedagogy, and multilingualism.

Pronouncing English

Richard V. Teschner,Melvin Stanley Whitley
Pronouncing English Book PDF

Author : Richard V. Teschner,Melvin Stanley Whitley
Publisher : Georgetown University Press
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 1589010027

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Pronouncing English by Richard V. Teschner,Melvin Stanley Whitley Pdf

Pronouncing English is a textbook for teaching English phonetics and phonology, offering an original "stress-based" approach while incorporating all the standard course topics. Drawing on current linguistic theory, it uniquely analyzes prosody first, and then discusses its effects on pronunciation--emphasizing suprasegmental features such as meter, stress, and intonation, then the vowels and consonants themselves. Distinguished by being the first work of its kind to be based on an exhaustive statistical analysis of all the lexical entries of an entire dictionary, Pronouncing English is complemented by a list of symbols and a glossary. Richard Teschner and M. Stanley Whitley present an improved description of English pronunciation and conclude each chapter with suggestions on how to do a better job of teaching it. An appendix with a brief introduction to acoustic phonetics--the basis for the perception vs. the production of sounds--is also included. Revolutionary in its field, Pronouncing English declares that virtually all aspects of English pronunciation--from the vowel system to the articulation of syllables, words, and sentences--are determined by the presence or absence of stress. The accompanying CD-ROM carries audio recordings of many of the volume's exercises, more than 100 text and sound files, and data files on which the statistical observations were based.

Thoughts on grammaticalization

Christian Lehmann
Thoughts on grammaticalization Book PDF

Author : Christian Lehmann
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2024-05-23
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783946234067

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Thoughts on grammaticalization by Christian Lehmann Pdf

"Thoughts on grammaticalization" was first published in a working-paper version in 1982 and became very influential immediately, even though it was properly published only in 1995. Despite its modest title, the book can be read as an advanced introduction to grammaticalization, though its conception is very original. The present edition contains a number of corrections of the 1995 edition. After a short review of the history of research, the work introduces and delimits the concepts related to grammaticalization. It then provides extensive exemplification of grammaticalization phenomena in diverse languages, ordered by grammatical domains such as the verbal, pronominal and nominal sphere and clause level relations. The final chapter presents a theory of grammaticalization which is based on the autonomy of the linguistic sign with respect to the paradigmatic and syntagmatic axes. This is the basis of the structural parameters that constitute grammaticalization. They are operationalized to the point of rendering degrees of grammaticalization measurable.

A Dictionary of Language Acquisition:A Comprehensive Overview of Key Terms in First and Second Language Acquisition

Hossein Tavakoli
A Dictionary of Language Acquisition A Comprehensive Overview of Key Terms in First and Second Language Acquisition Book PDF

Author : Hossein Tavakoli
Publisher : Rahnama Press
Page : 412 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2013-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789643675349

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A Dictionary of Language Acquisition:A Comprehensive Overview of Key Terms in First and Second Language Acquisition by Hossein Tavakoli Pdf

"A Dictionary of Research Methodology and Statistics in Applied Linguistics" is a comprehensive and authoritative reference guide that offers a detailed overview of important terms and concepts in the fields of research and statistics within the domain of applied linguistics. This volume focuses specifically on research in applied linguistics, aiming to clarify the meaning and application of various concepts, approaches, methods, designs, techniques, tools, types, and processes of research in a clear and efficient manner. It also includes entries that address statistical aspects, providing assistance to researchers in formulating, analyzing, and executing their research designs effectively, ensuring a logical progression from start to finish. With approximately 2000 entries covering essential research concepts and issues, this book incorporates cross-references where necessary to enhance understanding and facilitate navigation. It caters to a wide audience, including undergraduate and graduate students, teachers, lecturers, practitioners, researchers, consultants, and individuals seeking information in the field of applied linguistics and related disciplines.

Spanish-English Contrasts

Melvin Stanley Whitley
Spanish English Contrasts Book PDF

Author : Melvin Stanley Whitley
Publisher : Georgetown University Press
Page : 410 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 0878403817

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Spanish-English Contrasts by Melvin Stanley Whitley Pdf

An invaluable text in language and linguistics because it has a unique scope: a one-volume description of the Spanish language and its differences from English, and ranges from pronunciation and grammar to word meaning, language use, and social and dialectical variation. Designed for survey courses in Spanish linguistics with technical concepts explained in context for beginners in the field, Spanish/English Contrasts brings out the ways in which insights into the two languages have evolved as scholars have built on the work and research of others in the field. A bilingual glossary of linguistic terms is provided to facilitate discussion in either language. This second edition is thoroughly updated to incorporate insights and issues that have come to the fore from the explosion of research in the past twenty-five years in all of the areas covered by the book. It includes an expanded bibliography and index, and adds new exercises for student application and class discussion. Its approach remains broadly based however, in order to accommodate a range of areas and data rather than focusing narrowly on one single theory or research area, and it continues to emphasize implications for language teaching, translation, and other practical applications.

Interpersonal Grammar

J. R. Martin,Beatriz Quiroz,Giacomo Figueredo
Interpersonal Grammar Book PDF

Author : J. R. Martin,Beatriz Quiroz,Giacomo Figueredo
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 299 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2021-06-10
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781108493796

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Interpersonal Grammar by J. R. Martin,Beatriz Quiroz,Giacomo Figueredo Pdf

Using a unified methodological and theoretical framework, this book compares interpersonal grammar systems across different languages.

The Wells of Venice

Jefferson Holdridge
The Wells of Venice Book PDF

Author : Jefferson Holdridge
Publisher : Resource Publications (CA)
Page : 98 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2020-11-26
Category : Poetry
ISBN : 1725287382

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The Wells of Venice by Jefferson Holdridge Pdf

The Wells of Venice contains sequences, blank verse, and lyrics that meditate upon visual and literary Venetian art, as well as the myths, history, religion, and politics that shaped the culture of this extraordinary human achievement. Founded on fear of invasion and hope for refuge, Venice becomes a warning symbol of imperial arrogance and ambition. The waters of the lagoon and the fragility of the city mirror the relevance of the ephemeral in themes such as departure from and return to home. On the one hand, the vanishings that take place are interior and exterior, literal and figurative, with the differences between often blurred, while on the other, the religious art of this city remains a transcendent expression of its history, one that at its best always remembers Unde Origo Inde Salus, ""Salvation is in the Origin.""

The empirical base of linguistics

Carson T. Schütze
The empirical base of linguistics Book PDF

Author : Carson T. Schütze
Publisher : Language Science Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2015-12-24
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783946234029

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The empirical base of linguistics by Carson T. Schütze Pdf

Throughout much of the history of linguistics, grammaticality judgments - intuitions about the well-formedness of sentences - have constituted most of the empirical base against which theoretical hypothesis have been tested. Although such judgments often rest on subtle intuitions, there is no systematic methodology for eliciting them, and their apparent instability and unreliability have led many to conclude that they should be abandoned as a source of data. Carson T. Schütze presents here a detailed critical overview of the vast literature on the nature and utility of grammaticality judgments and other linguistic intuitions, and the ways they have been used in linguistic research. He shows how variation in the judgment process can arise from factors such as biological, cognitive, and social differences among subjects, the particular elicitation method used, and extraneous features of the materials being judged. He then assesses the status of judgments as reliable indicators of a speaker's grammar. Integrating substantive and methodological findings, Schütze proposes a model in which grammaticality judgments result from interaction of linguistic competence with general cognitive processes. He argues that this model provides the underpinning for empirical arguments to show that once extragrammatical variance is factored out, universal grammar succumbs to a simpler, more elegant analysis than judgment data initially lead us to expect. Finally, Schütze offers numerous practical suggestions on how to collect better and more useful data. The result is a work of vital importance that will be required reading for linguists, cognitive psychologists, and philosophers of language alike.

Culturas de España

Carmen Pereira-Muro
Culturas de Espa a Book PDF

Author : Carmen Pereira-Muro
Publisher : Cengage Learning
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Spain
ISBN : 0618063129

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Culturas de España by Carmen Pereira-Muro Pdf

Related publisher website provides links to Spanish-language sites relevant to each chapter.

Issues in Germanic Syntax

Werner Abraham,Wim Kosmeijer,Erich Reuland
Issues in Germanic Syntax Book PDF

Author : Werner Abraham,Wim Kosmeijer,Erich Reuland
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 409 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2011-06-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110847277

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Issues in Germanic Syntax by Werner Abraham,Wim Kosmeijer,Erich Reuland Pdf

TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS is a series of books that open new perspectives in our understanding of language. The series publishes state-of-the-art work on core areas of linguistics across theoretical frameworks as well as studies that provide new insights by building bridges to neighbouring fields such as neuroscience and cognitive science. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS considers itself a forum for cutting-edge research based on solid empirical data on language in its various manifestations, including sign languages. It regards linguistic variation in its synchronic and diachronic dimensions as well as in its social contexts as important sources of insight for a better understanding of the design of linguistic systems and the ecology and evolution of language. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS publishes monographs and outstanding dissertations as well as edited volumes, which provide the opportunity to address controversial topics from different empirical and theoretical viewpoints. High quality standards are ensured through anonymous reviewing.

The Ultimate Spanish Verb Review and Practice, Second Edition

Ronni L. Gordon,David M. Stillman
The Ultimate Spanish Verb Review and Practice Second Edition Book PDF

Author : Ronni L. Gordon,David M. Stillman
Publisher : McGraw Hill Professional
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2012-09-14
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 9780071797849

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The Ultimate Spanish Verb Review and Practice, Second Edition by Ronni L. Gordon,David M. Stillman Pdf

Master the essential building blocks of Spanish-language fluency with facilidad The Ultimate Spanish Verb Review and Practice is your key to acquiring enhanced skills on the road to Spanish fluency. More than just another Spanish verb guide, it provides you with a concise review of verb forms and extensive practice in using verbs in context. With this knowledge in your tool kit, you will be able to construct authentic Spanish sentences with increased confidence. As you work through a series of increasingly demanding exercises, you’ll quickly build your mastery of the Spanish sentence--from simple subject-plus-verb sentences to more sophisticated ones, including conditional and compound sentences. This second edition is enhanced with new review exercises, accompanied by online audio available free on McGraw-Hill's unique Audio Study Player. These bonus elements help build your confidence in using Spanish verbs effectively in key sentence structures. The ideal resource for advanced beginners through advanced learners of Spanish, The Ultimate Spanish Verb Review and Practice gives you: Numerous examples of how Spanish verbs and sentence structures work in everyday language Exercises in a variety of formats, including sentence completion, sentence building, dialogue writing, translation, verb-form replacement, and more Hundreds of verbs listed in both structural and semantic groupings Up-to-the-minute coverage of contemporary Spanish, including computer and technology verbs Dozens of clear, concise, at-a-glance charts and tables