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"Frontiers In Thyroidology" assembles the prize lectures, symposia, and papers presented during the Ninth International Thyroid Congress in Sao Paulo, Brazil in September, 1985. This book represents the State-of the-Art in thyroid studies with its continuous expansion into the areas of immunology, molecular biology, clinical and environmental medicine. As its name also indicates, the material compiled in this volume defines important questions to be answered in basic and applied aspects of the thyroid. So, this book clearly demonstrates the rewards, excitement, and challenges posed by the thyroid gland. Once again, the thyroid gland, through its unique and important functions and implications in health and disease, has been able to congregate scientists throughout the world to communicate their findings, to share their expertise and experiences, and to strengthen their bonds of friendship and commitment to make a better world through their work. This publication consists of 309 papers in 19 different topics. The prize lectures and symposia review and update our knowledge in basic and clinical aspects of exceptional interest in the thyroid field. "Frontiers in Thyroidology" adds to a series of publications from previous interna tional thyroid meetings which includes: "Advances in Thyroid Research", London, 1960; "Current Topics in Thyroid Research", Rome, 1965; "Further Advances in Thyroid Research", Vienna, 1970; "Thyroid Research", Boston, 1975, and "Thyroid Research VIII", Sydney, 1980. We would like to express our gratitude to Mrs. P. Langford and Drs.
Frontiers in thyroidology : [proceedings of the Ninth International Thyroid Congress, held September 1 - 6, 1985, in São Paolo, Brazil]. 1 (1986) by International Thyroid Congress Pdf
Johannes W. Dietrich,John E. M. Midgley,Rudolf Hoermann
Author : Johannes W. Dietrich,John E. M. Midgley,Rudolf Hoermann Publisher : Frontiers Media SA Page : 107 pages File Size : 44,5 Mb Release : 2018-08-29 Category : Electronic ISBN : 9782889455706
Homeostasis and Allostasis of Thyroid Function by Johannes W. Dietrich,John E. M. Midgley,Rudolf Hoermann Pdf
The discovery of the negative feedback of thyroid hormones on pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion, a classical endocrine feedback control system, has shaped diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disease for the last decades. Based on this concept, a unique diagnostic category of subclinical thyroid disorders was introduced, being defined exclusively by an abnormal TSH response in the presence of thyroid hormone concentrations within the reference range. Although this approach was able to deliver a conceptually straightforward disease definition problems surfaced in clinical practice as neither the diagnostic reference range nor the appropriate threshold for initiating substitution treatment are universally agreed upon for subclinical thyroid disorders. The situation is further aggravated by the so-called syndrome T, which comprises a substantial but heterogeneous group of L-T4 treated patients with hypothyroidism with reduced quality of life despite “normal” TSH values. A limited understanding of the physiological relationships between TSH and thyroid hormones may be a main reason for clinical difficulties in dealing with the causes of syndrome T and tailoring substitution therapy for hypothyroid patients with subclinical thyroid disorders. Feedback regulation has recently been shown to be much more complex than previously assumed. The concept of homeostatic control has also been extended to include the lesser known but equally important allostatic thyroid regulation.The latter aims at adaptive homeostasis or stability through changing setpoints and modulating structural parameters of feedback control, as may be appropriate to adapt to a vast array of conditions spanning from fetal life, aging, pregnancy, exercise, starvation, obesity, psychiatric disorders to the severe non-thyroidal illness syndrome. A better understanding of homeostatic and allostatic mechanisms, which govern the behaviour of pituitary-thyroid feedback control, is on the horizon. This promises to improve the diagnostic utility of laboratory methods, laying the foundation for personalised methods to optimise dosage and modality of substitution therapy. The emerging new world of thyroid physiology is reflected on the side of clinical medicine in a new, relational paradigm for diagnosis and treatment. Considerable progress has been made in this respect in the following key areas: • the significance of complementary information processing structures within the feedback loop, in particular ultrashort feedback of TSH on its own secretion and the action of a TSH-T3 shunt unburdening the thyroid from T4 synthesis in imminent thyroid failure, • the unravelling of spatio-temporal dynamics of hormone concentrations ranging from ultradian to circannual rhythms and including hysteresis effects, • the emergence of “non-canonical” mechanisms of thyroid hormone signalling beyond transcriptional control of gene expression, • the physiological actions of thyronine metabolites, which have been previously regarded as biologically inactive, such as thyronamines and iodothyroacetates, • the characterisation of distinct patterns in the adaptive processes to stress and strain and their conclusive explanation through reactions to type 1 and type 2 allostatic load. This collective volume contains the contributions to the Research Topic “Homeostasis and Allostasis of Thyroid Function”, which was originally published by the journal Frontiers in Endocrinology. Authored by an international team of experts from three continents ,the book provides a comprehensive overview on thyroid control from recent research in basic, computational and clinical thyroidology. Many aspects addressed here can be expected to stimulate future research. A more comprehensive view and better integration of in-vitro, in-silico and in-vivo investigations will be invaluable in paving the way to this new world of thyroidology.
In 1956, three groups independently reported evidence that some thyroid disease appearing spontaneously in humans or experimentally induced in animals are related to autoimmune processes. The interval between these landmark discoveries and the present has witnessed a remarkable and continuing growth of both knowledge and concepts concerning the mechanisms of immune regulation, the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases, and their clinical and laboratory manifestations. More importantly knowledge of thyroid autoimmunity has, in many respects, comprised the vanguard of an ever increasing appreciation and understanding of autoimmune diseases in general. On November 24-26 1986, an International Symposium on Thyroid Autoimmunity was held in Pisa. Its purpose was to commemorate the birth of thyroid autoimmunity as a scientific discipline, to summarize current knowledge and concepts in this area, and where possible, to anticipate areas of opportunity for the future - hence the theme of the Symposium, Memories and Perspectives. To open the meeting, the Magnifico Rettore (Chancellor) of the University of Pisa granted special Awards to Dr. Deborah Doniach, Dr. Ivan Roitt, and Dr. Noel R. Rose, who published the first fundamental studies in the field of thyroid autoimmunity, and to Dr. Duncan G. Adams, whose discovery of the long-acting thyroid stimulator (LATS) opened the door to our current understanding of the pathogenesis of Graves' disease. During the meeting thirty plenary lectures were presented.
Autoimmune Thyroiditis by Werner A. Scherbaum,Ulrich Bogner,Balthasar Weinheimer,G.F. Bottazzo Pdf
Current knowledge relevant to the understanding of thyroid autoimmunity is summarized in this book. Some of the world's leading scientists in this field review recent data from four subject areas: immunogenetics, thyroid peroxidase as an antigen, environmental factors, and cytokines. Much ongoing and as yet unpublished work is described, especially in the discussion included after each article. This information is of particular interest since the body of knowledge in these fields is growing very rapidly. The book is based on a workshop in which researchers from 13 countries took part. One major aim was to raise controversial points and to develop ideas for their potential solution. At the workshop it became apparent that a great deal of the information given in textbooks is outdated. This is an important update for researchers who are interested in the above topics and in understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of thyroid autoimmunity.
Radiological Imaging of Endocrine Diseases by J.N. Bruneton Pdf
Imaging studies are playing an increasingly role in the evaluation of endocrine diseases; accordingly, familiarity with the specific indications for the various modalities, and with the characteristic findings, is essential. This well-illustrated volume is intended for both radiologists and endocrinologists, and considers in detail the role of all the most recent imaging techniques within this field.
Thyroid Diseases by Luigi Troncone,Brahm Shapiro,Maria A. Satta,Fabrizio Monaco Pdf
Thyroid Diseases is a comprehensive reference supported by a useful selection of schematic diagrams, tables, and charts. Its basic science section supplements classic and recent reviews of the subject by discussing structural and functional aspects of the thyroid gland, including thyroid hormone action (receptor and non-receptor mediated) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid control mechanisms. The clinical aspect of the book critically reviews current diagnostic modalities and addresses the choice of specialized tests and optimal sequence of their performance. Diagnostic modalities discussed include in vitro radioisotopic and nonradioisotopic assays of thyroid hormone, TSH, thyroglobulin, calcitonin, and autoantibodies. The various techniques are evaluated to show which procedures are applicable for each condition. This book brings together information dispersed across the medical and radiological literature. It will benefit professionals in radiology, nuclear medicine, and endocrinology, as well as students in these fields.
This resource discusses all aspects of food poisoning and its sources such as bacteria, plant, and fungus - presenting the pathogens and food toxins in detail. Featuring contributions from over 30 leading authorities in the field, Food Poisoning ...: describes bacterial food contaminants including staphylococcal, salmonellae, E. coli, Clostridium perfringens, Bacillus cereus, cholera, and botulism; covers the prevention and treatment of mushroom and other poisonings from grains and plant-type foods; explains how to aid allergic reactions resulting from eating certain foods; identifies which kinds of seafood may cause severe poisoning; explores teratogenic aspects of food poisoning, outlining which foods pregnant women should avoid; and shows how those sensitive to nitrosamines can avoid such food poisoning.;Extensively referenced with more than 2200 literature citations, Volume 7: Food Poisoning serves as essential reading for toxicologists, microbiologists, dietitians and nutritionists, public health officials, food scientists and technologists, agricultural chemists and biochemists, bacteriologists, and graduate-level students in food science and toxicology.
Metamorphosis in Fish by Sylvie Dufour,Karine Rousseau,B. G. Kapoor Pdf
This book gathers current data on the two types of fish metamorphoses and their endocrine controls. It will be of interest for fish biologists as well as comparative physiologists and endocrinologists. Metamorphosis is a major developmental phase characterized by morphological and physiological changes. It prepares organisms for a drastic shift in habitat and behavior. Among vertebrates, besides the well-known larval metamorphosis in amphibians, two types of metamorphosis are also described in the life cycle of some fish species. Larval metamorphosis, also called first metamorphosis or true metamorphosis, is encountered in lampreys, representative species of basal vertebrates as well as in some teleost groups, elopomorphs and pleuronectiforms, and possibly also in some other teleost species. Secondary metamorphosis occurs in juveniles of some diadromic migratory teleosts, such as salmons and eels, and compared to larval metamorphosis, involves less drastic morphological changes.
Jose M. Cuezva,Ana M. Pascual-Leone,Mulchand S. Patel
Author : Jose M. Cuezva,Ana M. Pascual-Leone,Mulchand S. Patel Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media Page : 311 pages File Size : 48,9 Mb Release : 2013-06-29 Category : Science ISBN : 9781461595670
Endocrine and Biochemical Development of the Fetus and Neonate by Jose M. Cuezva,Ana M. Pascual-Leone,Mulchand S. Patel Pdf
The annual meeting of the Perinatal Biochemical Group of the Spanish Biochemical Society held in Madrid on December 15-16, 1989, provided an excellent opportunity to bring together a group of distinguished investigators both from Spain and from abroad with a common interest in developmental endocrinology and biochemistry. The aim of the symposium was to present and discuss the most recent developments in the areas of endocrine and biochemical processes critical to normal growth and maturation of the newborn. To achieve a high degree of interaction among the participants, subject reviews as well as short communications were include in the program. The reviews provided in-depth information on selected important topics. The purpose of short communications was two fold: (i) to provide a forum to discuss on-going investigations on related areas; and (ii) to present opportunities for active participation by young investigators. This format proved very successful in generating fruitful discussions among the participants. Taken together the review chapters and the short communications have resulted in a coherent and unified subject presentation. Advances in biochemistry, molecular biology and cell biology have provided not only new and exciting experimental approaches but also have opened up new directions in the investigation of differentiation and developmental processes at cellular, molecular and biochemical levels during the early stages of growth and maturation. In recent years a wealth of information in these areas of development has emerged at a rapid rate.
