Fundamentals Of Geobiology

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Fundamentals of Geobiology

Andrew H. Knoll,Don E. Canfield,Kurt O. Konhauser
Fundamentals of Geobiology Book PDF

Author : Andrew H. Knoll,Don E. Canfield,Kurt O. Konhauser
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 876 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2012-03-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118280881

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Fundamentals of Geobiology by Andrew H. Knoll,Don E. Canfield,Kurt O. Konhauser Pdf

2012 PROSE Award, Earth Science: Honorable Mention For more than fifty years scientists have been concerned with the interrelationships of Earth and life. Over the past decade, however, geobiology, the name given to this interdisciplinary endeavour, has emerged as an exciting and rapidly expanding field, fuelled by advances in molecular phylogeny, a new microbial ecology made possible by the molecular revolution, increasingly sophisticated new techniques for imaging and determining chemical compositions of solids on nanometer scales, the development of non-traditional stable isotope analyses, Earth systems science and Earth system history, and accelerating exploration of other planets within and beyond our solar system. Geobiology has many faces: there is the microbial weathering of minerals, bacterial and skeletal biomineralization, the roles of autotrophic and heterotrophic metabolisms in elemental cycling, the redox history in the oceans and its relationship to evolution and the origin of life itself.. This book is the first to set out a coherent set of principles that underpin geobiology, and will act as a foundational text that will speed the dissemination of those principles. The chapters have been carefully chosen to provide intellectually rich but concise summaries of key topics, and each has been written by one or more of the leading scientists in that field.. Fundamentals of Geobiology is aimed at advanced undergraduates and graduates in the Earth and biological sciences, and to the growing number of scientists worldwide who have an interest in this burgeoning new discipline. Additional resources for this book can be found at: http://www.wiley.com/go/knoll/geobiology.

Carbon in the Geobiosphere

Fred T. Mackenzie,Abraham Lerman
Carbon in the Geobiosphere Book PDF

Author : Fred T. Mackenzie,Abraham Lerman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 414 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2006-12-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402042386

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Carbon in the Geobiosphere by Fred T. Mackenzie,Abraham Lerman Pdf

The book covers the fundamentals of the biogeochemical behavior of carbon near the Earth’s surface. It is mainly a reference text for Earth and environmental scientists. It presents an overview of the origins and behavior of the carbon cycle and atmospheric carbon dioxide, and the human effects on them. The book can also be used for a one-semester course at an intermediate to advanced level addressing the behavior of the carbon and related cycles.

Introduction to Geomicrobiology

Kurt O. Konhauser
Introduction to Geomicrobiology Book PDF

Author : Kurt O. Konhauser
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 440 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2009-03-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781444309027

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Introduction to Geomicrobiology by Kurt O. Konhauser Pdf

Introduction to Geomicrobiology is a timely and comprehensive overview of how microbial life has affected Earth’s environment through time. It shows how the ubiquity of microorganisms, their high chemical reactivity, and their metabolic diversity make them a significant factor controlling the chemical composition of our planet. The following topics are covered: how microorganisms are classified, the physical constraints governing their growth, molecular approaches to studying microbial diversity, and life in extreme environments bioenergetics, microbial metabolic capabilities, and major biogeochemical pathways chemical reactivity of the cell surface, metal sorption, and the microbial role in contaminant mobility and bioremediation/biorecovery microbiological mineral formation and fossilization the function of microorganisms in mineral dissolution and oxidation, and the industrial and environmental ramifications of these processes elemental cycling in biofilms, formation of microbialites, and sediment diagenesis the events that led to the emergence of life, evolution of metabolic processes, and the diversification of the biosphere. Artwork from the book is available to instructors at www.blackwellpublishing.com/konhauser.

Encyclopedia of Geobiology

Joachim Reitner,Volker Thiel
Encyclopedia of Geobiology Book PDF

Author : Joachim Reitner,Volker Thiel
Publisher : Springer
Page : 927 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2011-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 1402092113

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Encyclopedia of Geobiology by Joachim Reitner,Volker Thiel Pdf

The interplay between Geology and Biology has shaped the Earth from the early Precambrian, 4 billion years ago. Moving beyond the borders of the classical core disciplines, Geobiology strives to identify chains of cause-and-effect and synergisms between the geo- and the biospheres that have been driving the evolution of life in modern and ancient environments. Combining modern methods, geobiological information can be extracted not only from visible remains of organisms, but also from organic molecules, rock fabrics, minerals, isotopes and other tracers. An understanding of these processes and their signatures reveals enormous applied potentials with respect to issues of environment protection, public health, energy and resource management. The Encyclopedia of Geobiology has been designed to act as a key reference for students, researchers, teachers, and the informed public and to provide basic, but comprehensible knowledge on this rapidly expanding discipline that sits at the interface between modern geo- and biosciences.

Their World: A Diversity of Microbial Environments

Christon J. Hurst
Their World A Diversity of Microbial Environments Book PDF

Author : Christon J. Hurst
Publisher : Springer
Page : 381 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2016-05-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319280714

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Their World: A Diversity of Microbial Environments by Christon J. Hurst Pdf

This volume summarizes recent advances in environmental microbiology by providing fascinating insights into the diversity of microbial life that exists on our planet. The first two chapters present theoretical perspectives that help to consolidate our understanding of evolution as an adaptive process by which the niche and habitat of each species develop in a manner that interconnects individual components of an ecosystem. This results in communities that function by simultaneously coordinating their metabolic and physiologic actions. The third contribution addresses the fossil record of microorganisms, and the subsequent chapters then introduce the microbial life that currently exists in various terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Coverage of the geosphere addresses endolithic organisms, life in caves and the deep continental biosphere, including how subsurface microbial life may impact spent nuclear fuel repositories. The discussion of the hydrosphere includes hypersaline environments and arctic food chains. By better understanding examples from the micro biosphere, we can elucidate the many ways in which the niches of different species, both large and small, interconnect within the overlapping habitats of this world, which is governed by its microorganisms.

Fundamentals of Structural Geology

David D. Pollard,Raymond C. Fletcher
Fundamentals of Structural Geology Book PDF

Author : David D. Pollard,Raymond C. Fletcher
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 520 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2005-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521839270

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Fundamentals of Structural Geology by David D. Pollard,Raymond C. Fletcher Pdf

A modern quantitative approach to structural geology and tectonics for advanced students and researchers.

Nautilus

W. Bruce Saunders,Neil Landman
Nautilus Book PDF

Author : W. Bruce Saunders,Neil Landman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 632 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2009-12-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789048132997

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Nautilus by W. Bruce Saunders,Neil Landman Pdf

1. 1 Nautilus and Allonautilus: Two Decades of Progress W. Bruce Saunders Department of Geology Bryn Mawr College Bryn Mawr PA 19010 wsaunder@brynmawr. edu Neil H. Landman Division of Paleontology American Museum of Natural History New York, New York 10024 landman@amnh. org When Nautilus: Biology and Paleobiology of a Living Fossil was published in 1987, it marked a milestone in cross-disciplinary collaboration. More than half of the contributing authors (36/65) were paleontologists, many of whom were collaborating with neontological counterparts. Their interest in studying this reclusive, poorly known animal was being driven by a search for clues to the mode of life and natural history of the once dominant shelled cephalopods, through study of the sole surviving genus. At the same time, Nautilus offered an opportunity for neontologists to look at a fundamentally different, phylogenetically basal member of the extant Cephalopoda. It was a w- win situation, combining paleontological deep-time perspectives, old fashioned expeditionary zeal, traditional biological approaches and new techniques. The results were cross-fertilized investigations in such disparate fields as ecology, functional morphology, taphonomy, genetics, phylogeny, locomotive dynamics, etc. As one reviewer of the xxxvi Introduction xxxvii book noted, Nautilus had gone from being one of the least known to one of the best understood of living cephalopods.

Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage, and Acid Sulfate Soils

James A. Jacobs,Jay H. Lehr,Stephen M. Testa
Acid Mine Drainage Rock Drainage and Acid Sulfate Soils Book PDF

Author : James A. Jacobs,Jay H. Lehr,Stephen M. Testa
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 502 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2014-04-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780470487860

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Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage, and Acid Sulfate Soils by James A. Jacobs,Jay H. Lehr,Stephen M. Testa Pdf

Provides the tools needed to analyze and solve acid drainage problems Featuring contributions from leading experts in science and engineering, this book explores the complex biogeochemistry of acid mine drainage, rock drainage, and acid sulfate soils. It describes how to predict, prevent, and remediate the environmental impact of acid drainage and the oxidation of sulfides, offering the latest sampling and analytical methods. Moreover, readers will discover new approaches for recovering valuable resources from acid mine drainage, including bioleaching. Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage, and Acid Sulfate Soils reviews the most current findings in the field, offering new insights into the underlying causes as well as new tools to minimize the harm of acid drainage: Part I: Causes of Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage and Sulfate Soils focuses on the biogeochemistry of acid drainage in different environments. Part II: Assessment of Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage and Sulfate Soils covers stream characterization, aquatic and biological sampling, evaluation of aquatic resources, and some unusual aspects of sulfide oxidation. Part III: Prediction and Prevention of Acid Drainage discusses acid-base accounting, kinetic testing, block modeling, petrology, and mineralogy studies. It also explains relevant policy and regulations. Part IV: Remediation of Acid Drainage, Rock Drainage and Sulfate Soils examines both passive and active cleanup methods to remediate acid drainage. Case studies from a variety of geologic settings highlight various approaches to analyzing and solving acid drainage problems. Replete with helpful appendices and an extensive list of web resources, Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage, and Acid Sulfate Soils is recommended for mining engineers and scientists, regulatory officials, environmental scientists, land developers, and students.

Aquatic Geomicrobiology

Donald E. Canfield,Erik Kristensen,Bo Thamdrup
Aquatic Geomicrobiology Book PDF

Author : Donald E. Canfield,Erik Kristensen,Bo Thamdrup
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
Page : 660 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2005-03-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 0121583406

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Aquatic Geomicrobiology by Donald E. Canfield,Erik Kristensen,Bo Thamdrup Pdf

Microbes catalyze countless chemical reactions in nature which control the chemistry of the environment. Aquatic Geomicrobiology looks at these reactions and their effect on the aquatic environments from the perspective of the microbes involved. The volume begins with three introductory chapters outlining the basic principles of microbial systematics, microbial ecology, and chemical thermodynamics. These provide a framework for exploring the microbial control of elemental cycling in the remaining chapters. Readers will learn how microbes control the cycling of elements, the structure of the microbial ecosystems involved, and what environmental factors influence the activities of microbial populations. Also available in hardback Written by international experts in the microbial ecology and biogeochemistry of aquatic systems Includes introductory chapters on microbial systematics, principles of microbial ecology, and chemical thermodynamics Contains over 1500 references

Applied Stratigraphy

Eduardo A.M. Koutsoukos
Applied Stratigraphy Book PDF

Author : Eduardo A.M. Koutsoukos
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 510 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2007-08-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 140206683X

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Applied Stratigraphy by Eduardo A.M. Koutsoukos Pdf

Stratigraphy has come to be indispensable to nearly all branches of the earth sciences, assisting such endeavors as charting the course of evolution, understanding ancient ecosystems, and furnishing data pivotal to finding strategic mineral resources. This book focuses on traditional and innovative stratigraphy techniques and how these can be used to reconstruct the geological history of sedimentary basins and in solving manifold geological problems and phenomena.

Geobiology: Objectives, Concepts, Perspectives

N. Noffke
Geobiology Objectives Concepts Perspectives Book PDF

Author : N. Noffke
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080931142

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Geobiology: Objectives, Concepts, Perspectives by N. Noffke Pdf

Geobiology is an exciting and rapidly developing research discipline that opens new perspectives in understanding Earth as a system. To determine and to exploit its possibilities, this promising scientific field will benefit from a discussion of its definition as a research discipline, its objectives, and its methodological approaches. Such a spirited discussion is the goal of the book "Geobiology: Objectives, Concepts, Perspectives". Geobiology touches various subdisciplines of geology and biology in many ways. The book will serve biogeochemists, paleontologists, biomineralogists, microbiologists and many others as a forum to determine future directions of geobiological research. The book includes a section on the concept of geobiological studies, which combines the parent disciplines biology and geology. Several case studies describe geobiological investigations that serve to understand Earth in the present and past. The case studies give an overview of the general understanding of geobiology and lead the reader towards the current hot topics in this rising scientific discipline. * New definition of the rising scientific discipline "geobiology" * Overview into the broad spectrum of geobiological topics * Insight into hot topics of current geobiological research

Dreamers, Visionaries, and Revolutionaries in the Life Sciences

Oren Harman,Michael R. Dietrich
Dreamers Visionaries and Revolutionaries in the Life Sciences Book PDF

Author : Oren Harman,Michael R. Dietrich
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2018-07-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226570075

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Dreamers, Visionaries, and Revolutionaries in the Life Sciences by Oren Harman,Michael R. Dietrich Pdf

What are the conditions that foster true novelty and allow visionaries to set their eyes on unknown horizons? What have been the challenges that have spawned new innovations, and how have they shaped modern biology? In Dreamers, Visionaries, and Revolutionaries in the Life Sciences, editors Oren Harman and Michael R. Dietrich explore these questions through the lives of eighteen exemplary biologists who had grand and often radical ideas that went far beyond the run-of-the-mill science of their peers. From the Frenchman Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, who coined the word “biology” in the early nineteenth century, to the American James Lovelock, for whom the Earth is a living, breathing organism, these dreamers innovated in ways that forced their contemporaries to reexamine comfortable truths. With this collection readers will follow Jane Goodall into the hidden world of apes in African jungles and Francis Crick as he attacks the problem of consciousness. Join Mary Lasker on her campaign to conquer cancer and follow geneticist George Church as he dreams of bringing back woolly mammoths and Neanderthals. In these lives and the many others featured in these pages, we discover visions that were sometimes fantastical, quixotic, and even threatening and destabilizing, but always a challenge to the status quo.

Minding the Climate

Ann-Christine Duhaime
Minding the Climate Book PDF

Author : Ann-Christine Duhaime
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2022-10-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780674287624

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Minding the Climate by Ann-Christine Duhaime Pdf

A neurosurgeon explores how our tendency to prioritize short-term consumer pleasures spurs climate change, but also how the brain’s amazing capacity for flexibility can—and likely will—enable us to prioritize the long-term survival of humanity. Increasingly politicians, activists, media figures, and the public at large agree that climate change is an urgent problem. Yet that sense of urgency rarely translates into serious remedies. If we believe the climate crisis is real, why is it so difficult to change our behavior and our consumer tendencies? Minding the Climate investigates this problem in the neuroscience of decision-making. In particular, Ann-Christine Duhaime, MD, points to the evolution of the human brain during eons of resource scarcity. Understandably, the brain adapted to prioritize short-term survival over more uncertain long-term outcomes. But the resulting behavioral architecture is poorly suited to the present, when scarcity is a lesser concern and slow-moving, novel challenges like environmental issues present the greatest danger. Duhaime details how even our acknowledged best interests are thwarted by the brain’s reward system: if a behavior isn’t perceived as immediately beneficial, we probably won’t do it—never mind that we “know” we should. This is what happens when we lament climate change while indulging the short-term consumer satisfactions that ensure the disaster will continue. Luckily, we can sway our brains, and those of others, to alter our behaviors. Duhaime describes concrete, achievable interventions that have been shown to encourage our neurological circuits to embrace new rewards. Such small, incremental steps that individuals take, whether in their roles as consumers, in the workplace, or in leadership positions, are necessary to mitigate climate change. The more we understand how our tendencies can be overridden by our brain’s capacity to adapt, Duhaime argues, the more likely we are to have a future.

Physiology of Salt Stress in Plants

Pratibha Singh,Madhulika Singh,Rajiv Kumar Singh,Sheo Mohan Prasad
Physiology of Salt Stress in Plants Book PDF

Author : Pratibha Singh,Madhulika Singh,Rajiv Kumar Singh,Sheo Mohan Prasad
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2021-10-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119700470

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Physiology of Salt Stress in Plants by Pratibha Singh,Madhulika Singh,Rajiv Kumar Singh,Sheo Mohan Prasad Pdf

PHYSIOLOGY OF SALT STRESS IN PLANTS Discover how soil salinity affects plants and other organisms and the techniques used to remedy the issue In Physiology of Salt Stress in Plants, an editorial team of internationally renowned researchers delivers an extensive exploration of the problem of soil salinity in modern agricultural practices. It also discusses the social and environmental issues caused by salt stress. The book covers the impact of salt on soil microorganisms, crops, and other plants, and presents that information alongside examinations of salt’s effects on other organisms, including aquatic fauna, terrestrial animals, and human beings. Physiology of Salt Stress in Plants describes the morphological, anatomical, physiological, and biochemical dimensions of increasing soil salinity. It also discusses potential remedies and encourages further thought and exploration of this issue. Readers are encouraged to consider less hazardous fertilizers and pesticides, to use safer doses, and to explore and work upon salt resistant varieties of plants. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: Thorough introductions to salt stress perception and toxicity levels and the effects of salt stress on the physiology of crop plants at a cellular level Explorations of the effects of salt stress on the biochemistry of crop plants and salt ion transporters in crop plants at a cellular level Practical discussions of salt ion and nutrient interactions in crop plants, including prospective signalling, and the effects of salt stress on the morphology, anatomy, and gene expression of crop plants An examination of salt stress on soil chemistry and the plant-atmosphere continuum Perfect for researchers, academics, and students working and studying in the fields of agriculture, botany, entomology, biotechnology, soil science, and plant physiology, Physiology of Salt Stress in Plants will also earn a place on the bookshelves of agronomists, crop scientists, and plant biochemists.

Quantitative Methods in Aquatic Ecotoxicology

Michael C. Newman
Quantitative Methods in Aquatic Ecotoxicology Book PDF

Author : Michael C. Newman
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1994-12-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 0873716221

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Quantitative Methods in Aquatic Ecotoxicology by Michael C. Newman Pdf

This book provides a quantitative treatment of the science of ecotoxicology. The first chapters consider fundamental concepts and definitions essential to understanding the fate and effects of toxicants at various levels of ecological organization as covered in the remaining chapters. Scientific ecotoxicology and associated topics are defined. The historical perspective, rationale, and characteristics are outlined for the strong inferential and quantitative approach advocated in this book. The general measurement process is discussed, and methodologies for defining and controlling variance, which could otherwise exclude valid conclusions regarding ecotoxicological endeavors, are considered. Ecotoxicological concepts at increasing levels of ecological organization are discussed in the second part of the book. Quantitative methods used to measure toxicant effects are outlined in this section. The final chapter summarizes the book with a brief discussion of ecotoxicological assessment. Numerous figures and tables accompany text, with many statistical tables found in the appendix for quick reference. Although the book primarily focuses on aquatic systems, with appropriate modification the concepts and methods can be applied to terrestrial systems.