General Yang Mills Symmetry From Quark Confinement To An Antimatter Half Universe
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General Yang-mills Symmetry: From Quark Confinement To An Antimatter Half-universe by Jong-ping Hsu,Leonardo Hsu Pdf
This monograph expounds on general Yang-Mills symmetry, a new symmetry based on arbitrary vector gauge functions and Hamilton's characteristic phase functions in the gauge transformations of Abelian and non-Abelian groups. General Yang-Mills symmetry includes the conventional gauge symmetries as special cases and is useful for describing phenomena at scales ranging from the super-macroscopic such as dark matter, to the ultra-microscopic such as the quantum 3-body problem of baryons. Moreover, this symmetry supports the Broader Particle-Cosmology framework based on particle physics and quantum Yang-Mills gravity in flat space-time, which can explain why the gravitational force is always attractive. This volume also discusses how CPT invariance in particle physics suggests a 'Big Jets' model for the birth of the universe, proposing one explanation for the dearth of anti-matter in our universe. Finally, we discuss a simplified quantum shell model for N baryons with a quark Hamiltonian and a Sonine-Laguerre equation that gives reasonable eigenvalues for the energies of the 29 N baryons.
Space-time Symmetry and Quantum Yang-Mills Gravity by Jong-Ping Hsu,Leon Hsu Pdf
13. Space-time gauge identities and finite-loop renormalization. 13.1. Space-time (T4) gauge identities. 13.2. Space-time gauge identities and a general graviton propagator. 13.3. Gauge identities in quantum electrodynamics with a non-linear gauge condition. 13.4. The infinite continuous group of general coordinate transformations inflat space-time. 13.5. Remarks on ultraviolet divergences and finite-loop renormalization for gravity -- 14. A unified gravity-electroweak model. 14.1. The gauge covariant derivative and gauge curvatures of a unified gravity-electroweak model. 14.2. The Lagrangian in the gravielecweak model. 14.3. The equations of motion for quantum and classical particles. 14.4. Violations of U1 and SU2 gauge symmetries by gravity -- 15. A unified gravity-strong force model. 15.1. Unified gauge covariant derivatives and gauge curvatures. 15.2. The action of the unified model and violations of local SU3 gauge symmetry by gravity. 15.3. Effective curved space-time for motions of quarks and gluons in the classical limit. 15.4. Discussion -- 16. Outlook. 16.1. Taiji space-time - a basic framework for all physics. 16.2. The cosmic Lee-Yang force and a linear potential for the accelerated expansion of the universe. 16.3. Possible origins of mass in a unified model: constant vacuum field or Higgs field? 16.4. Finite quantum gravity and a possible departure from exact Lorentz invariance at high energies. 16.5. Toward a total unification of all interactions. 16.6. Conclusion
Author : Daniel R. Stump,Don H. Weingarten Publisher : John Wiley & Sons Page : 280 pages File Size : 54,8 Mb Release : 1977 Category : Field theory (Physics) ISBN : UCAL:B3763828
Supersymmetry and String Theory by Michael Dine Pdf
The past decade has witnessed dramatic developments in the field of theoretical physics. This book is a comprehensive introduction to these recent developments. It contains a review of the Standard Model, covering non-perturbative topics, and a discussion of grand unified theories and magnetic monopoles. It introduces the basics of supersymmetry and its phenomenology, and includes dynamics, dynamical supersymmetry breaking, and electric-magnetic duality. The book then covers general relativity and the big bang theory, and the basic issues in inflationary cosmologies before discussing the spectra of known string theories and the features of their interactions. The book also includes brief introductions to technicolor, large extra dimensions, and the Randall-Sundrum theory of warped spaces. This will be of great interest to graduates and researchers in the fields of particle theory, string theory, astrophysics and cosmology. The book contains several problems, and password protected solutions will be available to lecturers at www.cambridge.org/9780521858410.
QUARK & LEPTONS: AN INTRODUCTORY COURSE IN MODERN PARTICLE PHYSICS by Francis Halzen,Alan D. Martin Pdf
· A Preview of Particle Physics· Symmetries and Quarks· Antiparticles· Electrodynamics of Spinless Particles· The Dirac Equation· Electrodynamics of Spin-1/2 Particles· Loops, Renormalization, Running Coupling Constants, and All That· The Structure of Hadrons· Partons· Quantum Chromodynamics· Annihilation and QCD· Weak Interactions· Electroweak Interactions· Gauge Symmetries· The Weinberg-Salam Model and Beyond
The Theory of Almost Everything by Robert Oerter Pdf
There are two scientific theories that, taken together, explain the entire universe. The first, which describes the force of gravity, is widely known: Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity. But the theory that explains everything else—the Standard Model of Elementary Particles—is virtually unknown among the general public. In The Theory of Almost Everything, Robert Oerter shows how what were once thought to be separate forces of nature were combined into a single theory by some of the most brilliant minds of the twentieth century. Rich with accessible analogies and lucid prose, The Theory of Almost Everything celebrates a heretofore unsung achievement in human knowledge—and reveals the sublime structure that underlies the world as we know it.
Physical Foundations of Cosmology by Viatcheslav Mukhanov Pdf
Inflationary cosmology has been developed over the last twenty years to remedy serious shortcomings in the standard hot big bang model of the universe. This textbook, first published in 2005, explains the basis of modern cosmology and shows where the theoretical results come from. The book is divided into two parts; the first deals with the homogeneous and isotropic model of the Universe, the second part discusses how inhomogeneities can explain its structure. Established material such as the inflation and quantum cosmological perturbation are presented in great detail, however the reader is brought to the frontiers of current cosmological research by the discussion of more speculative ideas. An ideal textbook for both advanced students of physics and astrophysics, all of the necessary background material is included in every chapter and no prior knowledge of general relativity and quantum field theory is assumed.
Particle Physics Reference Library by Herwig Schopper Pdf
This first open access volume of the handbook series contains articles on the standard model of particle physics, both from the theoretical and experimental perspective. It also covers related topics, such as heavy-ion physics, neutrino physics and searches for new physics beyond the standard model. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A, B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access
Lorentz and Poincar Invariance by Jong-Ping Hsu,Yuan-Zhong Zhang Pdf
This collection of papers provides a broad view of the development of Lorentz and Poincar(r) invariance and spacetime symmetry throughout the past 100 years. The issues explored in these papers include: (1) formulations of relativity theories in which the speed of light is not a universal constant but which are consistent with the four-dimensional symmetry of the Lorentz and Poincar(r) groups and with experimental results, (2) analyses and discussions by Reichenbach concerning the concepts of simultaneity and physical time from a philosophical point of view, and (3) results achieved by the union of the relativity and quantum theories, marking the beginnings of quantum electrodynamics and relativistic quantum mechanics. Ten of the fundamental experiments testing special relativity are also discussed, showing that they actually support a four-dimensional spacetime based on broad Lorentz and Poincar(r) invariance which is more general than and includes the special theory of relativity. The generalization of the concepts of simultaneity, physical time and the nature of the speed of light within a four-dimensional spacetime framework leads to the conclusion that the symmetries embodied by the special theory of relativity can be realized using only a single postulate OCo the principle of relativity for physical laws. Contents: Theoretical Implications of Lorentz and Poincar(r) Invariance: The Dawn of Lorentz and Poincar(r) Invariance (1887OCo1905): Inquiries Regarding the Constancy of the Speed of Light (1908-1910); The Splendid Union of Special Relativity and Quantum Mechanics (1927OCo1949); The Isotropy of the Speed of Light c: A Convenient Assumption (1963OCo1995); The Logically Simplest Theory of Relativity and Its 4-Dimensional Symmetry (1990OCo1994); Experiments for Lorentz and Poincar(r) Invariance: The Fizeau Experiment; The WilsonOCoWilson Experiment; The Observation of the Muon Lifetime Dilation; The MassOCoVelocity Relation Experiment; The Thomas Precession Experiment; and other papers. Readership: Upper-level undergraduates, graduate students, researchers and academics in mathematical physics and theoretical physics."
Particle Physics and Introduction to Field Theory by T.D.. Lee Pdf
This unique book gives a unified presentation of the entire subject of particle physics, starting with a self-contained discussion of quantum field theory and going on with the symmetry and interaction of particles. It expresses the author's personal approach to the subject, and will be useful to beginning students as well as seasoned workers in the field.
Strings, Branes and Extra Dimensions by Steven Scott Gubser,J. D. Lykken Pdf
This book covers some recent advances in string theory and extra dimensions. Intended mainly for advanced graduate students in theoretical physics, it presents a rare combination of formal and phenomenological topics, based on the annual lectures given at the School of the Theoretical Advanced Study Institute (2001) OCo a traditional event that brings together graduate students in high energy physics for an intensive course of advanced learning. The lecturers in the School are leaders in their fields. The first lecture, by E DOCOHoker and D Freedman, is a systematic introduction to the gaugeOCogravity correspondence, focusing in particular on correlation functions in the conformal case. The second, by L Dolan, provides an introduction to perturbative string theory, including recent advances on backgrounds involving Ramond-Ramond fluxes. The third, by S Gubser, explains some of the basic facts about special holonomy and its uses in string theory and M-theory. The fourth, by J Hewett, surveys the TeV phenomenology of theories with large extra dimensions. The fifth, by G Kane, presents the case for supersymmetry at the weak scale and some of its likely experimental consequences. The sixth, by A Liddle, surveys recent developments in cosmology, particularly with regard to recent measurements of the CMB and constraints on inflation. The seventh, by B Ovrut, presents the basic features of heterotic M-theory, including constructions that contain the Standard Model. The eighth, by K Rajagopal, explains the recent advances in understanding QCD at low temperatures and high densities in terms of color superconductivity. The ninth, by M Sher, summarizes grand unified theories and baryogenesis, including discussions of supersymmetry breaking and the Standard Model Higgs mechanism. The tenth, by M Spiropulu, describes collider physics, from a survey of current and future machines to examples of data analyses relevant to theories beyond the Standard Model. The eleventh, by M Strassler, is an introduction to supersymmetric gauge theory, focusing on Wilsonian renormalization and analogies between three- and four-dimensional theories. The twelfth, by W Taylor and B Zwiebach, introduces string field theory and discusses recent advances in understanding open string tachyon condensation. The thirteenth, by D Waldram, discusses explicit model building in heterotic M-theory, emphasizing the role of the E8 gauge fields. The written presentation of these lectures is detailed yet straightforward, and they will be of use to both students and experienced researchers in high-energy theoretical physics for years to come. The proceedings have been selected for coverage in: . OCo Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings (ISTP CDROM version / ISI Proceedings). OCo CC Proceedings OCo Engineering & Physical Sciences."
Quarks, Leptons & Gauge Fields by Kerson Huang Pdf
This is perhaps the most up-to-date book on Modern Elementary Particle Physics. The main content is an introduction to Yang-Mills fields, and the Standard Model of Particle Physics. A concise introduction to quarks is provided, with a discussion of the representations of SU(3).The Standard Model is presented in detail, including such topics as the Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix, chiral symmetry breaking, and the ?-vacuum. Theoretical topics of a more general nature include path integrals, topological solitons, renormalization group, effective potentials, the axial anomaly, and lattice gauge theory.This second edition, which has been expanded, incorporates the following new subjects: Wilson's renormalization scheme, and its relation to perturbative renormalization; pitfalls in quantizing gauge fields, such as the Gribov ambiguity; the lattice as a consistent regularization; Monte Carlo methods of solution; and the issues, folklores, and scenarios of quark confinement. More than a quarter of the book comprise of new materials.This book may be used as a text for a one-semester course on advanced quantum field theory, or reference book for particle physicists.
Symmetry and the Standard Model by Matthew Robinson Pdf
While theoretical particle physics is an extraordinarily fascinating field, the incredibly fast pace at which it moves along, combined with the huge amount of background information necessary to perform cutting edge research, poses a formidable challenge for graduate students. This book represents the first in a series designed to assist students in the process of transitioning from coursework to research in particle physics. Rather than reading literally dozens of physics and mathematics texts, trying to assimilate the countless ideas, translate notations and perspectives, and see how it all fits together to get a holistic understanding, this series provides a detailed overview of the major mathematical and physical ideas in theoretical particle physics. Ultimately the ideas will be presented in a unified, consistent, holistic picture, where each topic is built firmly on what has come before, and all topics are related in a clear and intuitive way. This introductory text on quantum field theory and particle physics provides both a self-contained and complete introduction to not only the necessary physical ideas, but also a complete introduction to the necessary mathematical tools. Assuming minimal knowledge of undergraduate physics and mathematics, this book lays both the mathematical and physical groundwork with clear, intuitive explanations and plenty of examples. The book then continues with an exposition of the Standard Model of Particle Physics, the theory that currently seems to explain the universe apart from gravity. Furthermore, this book was written as a primer for the more advanced mathematical and physical ideas to come later in this series.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Physics and Astronomy,Committee on U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science Assessment
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Physics and Astronomy,Committee on U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science Assessment Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 153 pages File Size : 48,6 Mb Release : 2018-10-13 Category : Science ISBN : 9780309478564
An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Physics and Astronomy,Committee on U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science Assessment Pdf
Understanding of protons and neutrons, or "nucleons"â€"the building blocks of atomic nucleiâ€"has advanced dramatically, both theoretically and experimentally, in the past half century. A central goal of modern nuclear physics is to understand the structure of the proton and neutron directly from the dynamics of their quarks and gluons governed by the theory of their interactions, quantum chromodynamics (QCD), and how nuclear interactions between protons and neutrons emerge from these dynamics. With deeper understanding of the quark-gluon structure of matter, scientists are poised to reach a deeper picture of these building blocks, and atomic nuclei themselves, as collective many-body systems with new emergent behavior. The development of a U.S. domestic electron-ion collider (EIC) facility has the potential to answer questions that are central to completing an understanding of atoms and integral to the agenda of nuclear physics today. This study assesses the merits and significance of the science that could be addressed by an EIC, and its importance to nuclear physics in particular and to the physical sciences in general. It evaluates the significance of the science that would be enabled by the construction of an EIC, its benefits to U.S. leadership in nuclear physics, and the benefits to other fields of science of a U.S.-based EIC.