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Geographical Disadvantage by Anthony Venables,Nuno Limão Pdf
"What effect does distance have on costs for economies at different locations? Exports and imports of final and intermediate goods bear transport costs that increase with distance. Production and trade depend on factor endowments and factor intensities as well as on distance and the transport intensities of different goods"--Cover.
Infrastructure, Geographical Disadvantage and Transport Costs by Nuno Limão,Anthony Venables Pdf
"The median landlocked country has only 30 percent of the trade volume of the median coastal economy. Halving transport costs increases that trade volume by a factor of five. Improving the standard of infrastructure from that of the bottom quarter of countries to that of the median country increases trade by 50 percent. Improving infrastructure in Sub-Saharan Africa is especially important for increasing African trade"--Cover.
The story of Africa is a ghost story with two plots. One is foreign or imported and the other indigenous or local. The foreign plot has its origin in colonial history. The indigenous plot is African in origin. But both plots end in the same place: African trauma and culture complex. These narratives create in modern Africa a splintered consciousness and the political and economic conditions that lead to physical and psychological violence. Unmasking the African Ghost is both a theological exploration of the reasons the political and economic systems in African countries have failed and a proposal for the paths toward recovery, anchored in the belief that Africa is a continent continuously trying to redefine its identity in the face of Eurocentrism. For the church in Africa to be a church at the service of its people, theology in Africa must take misery and oppression as the context for its reflections and its reconstruction of the social order. An African solution to African problems must be able to meet the needs of the time. It must look to the African past to draw from its riches--particularly the African sociopolitical ethic of ubuntu. It must also look ahead and draw from the best available sociopolitical system of modern states: liberal democracy. A hybrid of these two yields ubuntucracy. Ubuntucracy removes the ghosts of both Africa and its Western colonizers and begins a new story that can help Africa survive its double bind.
Economic Geography by Pierre-Philippe Combes,Thierry Mayer,Jacques-François Thisse Pdf
Economic Geography is the most complete, up-to-date textbook available on the important new field of spatial economics. This book fills a gap by providing advanced undergraduate and graduate students with the latest research and methodologies in an accessible and comprehensive way. It is an indispensable reference for researchers in economic geography, regional and urban economics, international trade, and applied econometrics, and can serve as a resource for economists in government. Economic Geography presents advances in economic theory that explain why, despite the increasing mobility of commodities, ideas, and people, the diffusion of economic activity is very unequal and remains agglomerated in a limited number of spatial entities. The book complements theoretical analysis with detailed discussions of the empirics of the economics of agglomeration, offering a mix of theoretical and empirical research that gives a unique perspective on spatial disparities. It reveals how location continues to matter for trade and economic development, yet how economic integration is transforming the global economy into an economic space in which activities are performed within large metropolitan areas exchanging goods, skills, and information. Economic Geography examines the future implications of this evolution in the spatial economy and relates them to other major social and economic trends. Provides a complete introduction to economic geography Explains the latest theory and methodologies Covers the empirics of agglomeration, from spatial concentration measurement to structural estimations of economic geography models Includes history and background of the field Serves as a textbook for students and a resource for professionals
Economic Geography and Public Policy by Richard Baldwin Pdf
Illustrating policy insights that stem from economic geography models, this text focuses on trade policy, tax policy and regional policy. The authors show how these models can be used to make sense of real-world situations.
Hilaire Belloc - Premium Collection by Hilaire Belloc Pdf
Musaicum Books presents to you this meticulously edited collection of Hilaire Bellocs most influential works: Nonfiction: History The Book of the Bayeux Tapestry The Path to Rome The Old Road The French Revolution Blenheim Tourcoing Crécy Waterloo Malplaquet Poitiers First and Last Europe and the Faith Survivals and New Arrivals: The Old and New Enemies of the Catholic Church The Jews The Historic Thames A Change in the Cabinet A General Sketch of the European War: The First Phase The Two Maps of Europe Economics Servile State Essays: Avril: Essays on the Poetry of the French Renaissance Hills and the Sea On Nothing and Kindred Subjects On Everything On Anything On Something This and That On The Free Press Fiction: Novels & Short Stories The Mercy of Allah The Green Overcoat Poetry: A Moral Alphabet Bad Child's Book of Beasts More Beasts For Worse Children The Modern Traveller Cautionary Tales for Children More Peers
Inclusive Transport: Fighting Involuntary Transport Disadvantages offers readers profound and multifaceted insights into transportation and social equity, guiding transportation and urban studies researchers, planners, and policy makers in evaluating potential solutions to this complex issue. It considers discrimination and its societal consequences, providing a needed perspective on who is left out of transportation planning, and why. The book is systematically divided into 2 parts, Part A is problem oriented and explores the main problems to the transportation disadvantaged; accessibility and affordability. It looks at the consequences of non-accessibility, the problems non-car owners face, and the interplay between housing and transportation; Part B is policy oriented and analyses how current policies tend to forget transport disadvantages. It looks at pragmatic solutions for transport disadvantaged and ends with a design for inclusive transport, being a more radical approach combining sustainability challenges, people’s behaviours and emotions, creating more just and equitable mobility. Synthesizes academic research and narratives on transport disadvantage and the transport disadvantaged, linking the research with current mobility policies and practices Connects the fight on transport disadvantages with sustainable and smart mobility strategies and looks into car sharing, ride sharing and individualising public transport while de- individualizing car use Has an extensive usage of data, figures, and examples from around the world, and inspiring mobility plans and policies
The International Law of the Sea by Donald R Rothwell,Tim Stephens Pdf
Praise for the previous edition: “A complete overview of the subject which does not intimidate the reader but rather spurns interest and understanding in the subject.” European Energy and Environmental Law Review “...(the book is) scholarly yet accessible and very readable; thoroughly recommended.” Law Institute Journal Description The law of the sea provides for the regulation, management and governance of the ocean spaces that cover over two-thirds of the Earth's surface. This book provides a comprehensive assessment of the foundational principles of the law of the sea, a critical overview of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and an analysis of subsequent developments including many bilateral, regional, and global agreements that supplement the Convention. The third edition of this acclaimed text has been thoroughly revised and updated, and now incorporates a dedicated chapter on natural and artificial islands. All of the main areas of the law of the sea are addressed including the foundations and sources of the law, the nature and extent of the maritime zones, the delimitation of overlapping maritime boundaries, the place of archipelagic and other special states in the law of the sea, navigational rights and freedoms, military activities at sea, marine scientific research, and marine resource and conservation issues such as fisheries, marine environmental protection and dispute settlement. The book also takes stock of contemporary oceans governance issues not adequately addressed by the Convention. Overarching challenges facing the law of the sea are considered, including how new maritime security initiatives can be reconciled with traditional navigational rights and freedoms, the need for stronger legal and policy responses to protect the global ocean environment from climate change and ocean acidification, and work on a new agreement for the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction.
Integration of Wireless Sensor Networks in Pervasive Computing Scenarios by Matthias Gauger Pdf
Using wireless sensor networks as part of pervasive computing scenarios is a difficult problem. It involves providing functionality and node behavior required by pervasive computing applications given the very limited capabilities and the constraints of wireless sensor nodes. The goal of this work is to investigate the problem of integrating wireless sensor nodes and wireless sensor networks in pervasive computing scenarios and to develop solutions that facilitate such an integration. Based on an analysis of both research areas, of their specific properties and requirements as well as the similarities and differences of the two fields, we identify and discuss a set of five fundamental problem areas that complicate the integration of sensor networks and pervasive computing: communication, network setup and configuration, user experience, security and flexibility and adaptability. In the main part of this work, we then introduce a total of six solution approaches that deal with different aspects of the identified problem areas.
Political and Institutional Issues of the New International Economic Order by Ervin Laszlo,Joel Kurtzman Pdf
Political and Institutional Issues of the New International Economic Order covers various issues concerning New International Economic Order (NIEO), specifically those of political and institutional in nature. The book is comprised of seven chapters, which are divided into two parts. The first part covers topics relating to political issues in the negotiation of the NIEO, while the second part concerns itself with NIEO institutional and administrative issues. The text will of great interest to readers who are concerned with political and institutional aspects of the NIEO.
Douglas G. Lockhart,Patrick J. Schembri,David W. Smith
Author : Douglas G. Lockhart,Patrick J. Schembri,David W. Smith Publisher : Routledge Page : 292 pages File Size : 45,6 Mb Release : 2002-09-26 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : 9781134913619
Infrastructure, Geographical Disadvantage, and Transport Costs by Nuno Limão Pdf
The median landlocked country has only 30 percent of the trade volume of the median coastal economy. Halving transport costs increases that trade volume by a factor of five. Improving the standard of infrastructure from that of the bottom quarter of countries to that of the median country increases trade by 50 percent. Improving infrastructure in Sub-Saharan Africa is especially important for increasing African trade.Limao and Venables use three different data sets to investigate how transport depends on geography and infrastructure. Landlocked countries have high transport costs, which can be substantially reduced by improving the quality of their infrastructure and that of transit countries.Analysis of bilateral trade data confirms the importance of infrastructure. Limatilde;o and Venables estimate the elasticity of trade flows with regard to transport costs to be high, at about -2.5. This means that:middot; The median landlocked country has only 30 percent of the trade volume of the median coastal economy.middot; Halving transport costs increases the volume of trade by a factor of five.middot; Improving infrastructure from the 75th to the 50th percentile increases trade by 50 percent.Using their results and a basic gravity model to study Sub-Saharan African trade, both internally and with the rest of the world, Limao and Venables find that infrastructure problems largely explain the relatively low levels of African trade.This paper - a product of Trade, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to investigate the effects of geography on economic performance. The authors may be contacted at [email protected] or [email protected].
While some may dispute that economics is the driving force behind much of history, nobody can argue that trade is not a significant factor in international relations. This book assembles a collection of articles examining some of the divisive issues in the international trade arena. It serves as a tool for understanding the economic subjects.
