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Crisis in the Caucasus: Russia, Georgia and the West by Paul B. Rich Pdf
This collection of essays by a series of academic specialists examines the crisis stemming from the Russian invasion of Georgia in August 2008 from a range of standpoints. The chapters probe the geopolitical and strategic dimensions of the crisis as well as the longer term military and diplomatic implications for Europe and the central Asian region. The collection will be of major importance to students of Russia and Eastern Europe, military analysts as well as journalists and politicians concerned with what some observers have termed a "new cold war" between Russia and the West. This book was published as a special issue of Small Wars and Insurgencies.
The Vegetation of Georgia (South Caucasus) by George Nakhutsrishvili Pdf
The book describes richness and diversity of Georgia’s vegetation. Contrasting ecosystems coexist on the relatively small territory of the country and include semi-deserts in East Georgia, Colchic forests with almost sub-tropical climate in West Georgia and subnival plant communities in high mountains. West Georgia lacks xerophilous vegetation zone and mesophilous forest vegetation spreads from the sea level to subalpine zone. The Colchic refugium (West Georgia) ensured survival of the Tertiary’s mesophilous forest flora. Vertical profile of the vegetation is more complex in East Georgia with semi-desert, steppe and arid open forest zone. In South Georgia the montane zone represented by montane steppe is devoid of forests
Three years after the Russia-Georgia war, ambiguity surrounds Georgia's path to Euro-Atlantic integration as Russia remains in violation of the ceasefire agreement that ended the conflict and has become an occupying force in Abkhazia and South Ossetia. US and European leadership is needed now more than ever if Georgia is to succeed in its quest for democracy, prosperity, and Euro-Atlantic integration. The next two years in advance of parliamentary and presidential elections will be a litmus test for Georgian democracy and Western policy. During this critical time, Georgia must demonstrate a firm commitment to democratic principles and advance important political and economic reforms. At a time when Georgia's future is in play, Washington and Europe must reinvigorate their engagement with Georgia in order to bolster its political, security, and economic future. A policy of "hold close, push hard" premised on a shared commitment to a united, democratic Georgia in NATO and the European Union and backed up by specific initiatives will help secure Georgia's place in Europe. This is the main message of the Atlantic Council's new report, Georgia in the West: A Policy Road Map to Georgia's Euro-Atlantic Future. The report reflects the findings of the Council's bipartisan expert Task Force on Georgia, co-chaired by Senator Jeanne Shaheen and Senator Lindsey Graham.Georgia in the West: A Policy Road Map to Georgia's Euro-Atlantic Future highlights key recommendations for US and European policymakers to strengthen Georgia's ongoing integration with NATO and the European Union, by offering a clear vision and concrete intermediate benefits as Georgia progresses. The report also offers recommendations for the Georgian government and all sectors of Georgian society to undertake important internal reforms that advance Georgian democracy. The report also lays out strategies to counter Russia's creeping annexation of the occupied territories and solidify an international commitment to Georgia's territorial integrity over the long-term.
From the memories of everyday experience, Living Atlanta vividly recreates life in the city during the three decades from World War I through World War II--a period in which a small, regional capital became a center of industry, education, finance, commerce, and travel. This profusely illustrated volume draws on nearly two hundred interviews with Atlanta residents who recall, in their own words, "the way it was"--from segregated streetcars to college fraternity parties, from moonshine peddling to visiting performances by the Metropolitan Opera, from the growth of neighborhoods to religious revivals. The book is based on a celebrated public radio series that was broadcast in 1979-80 and hailed by Studs Terkel as "an important, exciting project--a truly human portrait of a city of people." Living Atlanta presents a diverse array of voices--domestics and businessmen, teachers and factory workers, doctors and ballplayers. There are memories of the city when it wasn't quite a city: "Back in those young days it was country in Atlanta," musician Rosa Lee Carson reflects. "It sure was. Why, you could even raise a cow out there in your yard." There are eyewitness accounts of such major events as the Great Fire of 1917: "The wind blowing that way, it was awful," recalls fire fighter Hugh McDonald. "There'd be a big board on fire, and the wind would carry that board, and it'd hit another house and start right up on that one. And it just kept spreading." There are glimpses of the workday: "It's a real job firing an engine, a darn hard job," says railroad man J. R. Spratlin. "I was using a scoop and there wasn't no eight hour haul then, there was twelve hours, sometimes sixteen." And there are scenes of the city at play: "Baseball was the popular sport," remembers Arthur Leroy Idlett, who grew up in the Pittsburgh neighborhood. "Everybody had teams. And people--you could put some kids out there playing baseball, and before you knew a thing, you got a crowd out there, watching kids play." Organizing the book around such topics as transportation, health and religion, education, leisure, and politics, the authors provide a narrative commentary that places the diverse remembrances in social and historical context. Resurfacing throughout the book as a central theme are the memories of Jim Crow and the peculiarities of black-white relations. Accounts of Klan rallies, job and housing discrimination, and poll taxes are here, along with stories about the Commission on Interracial Cooperation, early black forays into local politics, and the role of the city's black colleges. Martin Luther King, Sr., historian Clarence Bacote, former police chief Herbert Jenkins, educator Benjamin Mays, and sociologist Arthur Raper are among those whose recollections are gathered here, but the majority of the voices are those of ordinary Atlantans, men and women who in these pages relive day-to-day experiences of a half-century ago.
Author : Georgia East Publisher : Penguin Random House South Africa Page : 356 pages File Size : 42,9 Mb Release : 2019-10-01 Category : Cooking ISBN : 9781432310189
Exploring this iconic Cape coastline (the West Coast of South Africa) and the people who call it home, West Coast Wander takes readers – travellers and home cooks alike – on a culinary caper from Yzerfontein to Doringbaai, documenting each delicious detour along the way. From heerboontjies to harders, the book encapsulates recipes both well known and newly discovered. Using a, uncluttered approach to cooking, author Georgia East highlights the unique ingredients cultivated along this coastline, transforming them into dishes filled with local flavour. Seeking out the best place to buy bread in Hopefield, discovering what sets a Sandveld Sauvignon Blanc apart and learning how the plumpest oysters in the country are farmed in Saldanha Bay are just a few of the corners covered. Combining Mediterranean simplicity with a dash of nostalgia, West Coast Wander is the definitive guide to sustainable seaside fare and a valuable addition to any South African kitchen.
Author : James C. Bonner Publisher : University of Georgia Press Page : 270 pages File Size : 44,8 Mb Release : 2010-04-01 Category : History ISBN : 9780820335254
Published in 1971, Georgia's Last Frontier presents the history of one of the state's least developed regions. During the 1830s, Carroll County was a large part of Georgia's most rugged frontier. James C. Bonner examines how life in this isolated region was complicated by the presence of Native Americans, cattle rustlers, and horse thieves. He details how the discovery of gold in the Villa Rica area resulted in drunkenness and violence, but also laid the foundations of mining technology that were later used in Colorado and California. The region remained isolated until after the Civil War, when a rail line was constructed to stimulate cotton cultivation. With the development of the railway, Carroll County's frontier traditions waned in the early twentieth century.
"In sum, by showing how and why local regional disputes quickly develop into global crises through the paired power of historical memory and time-space compression, Near Abroad reshapes our understanding of the current conflict raging in the center of the Eurasian landmass and international politics as a whole"--
Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, Georgia is a country of rainforests and swamps, snow and glaciers, and semi-arid plains. It has ski resorts and mineral springs, monuments and an oil pipeline. It also has one of the longest and most turbulent histories in the Christian or Near Eastern world, but no comprehensive, up-to-date account has been written about this little-known country—until now. Remedying this omission, Donald Rayfield accesses a mass of new material from recently opened archives to tell Georgia’s absorbing story. Beginning with the first intimations of the existence of Georgians in ancient Anatolia and ending with the volatile presidency of Mikheil Saakashvili, Rayfield deals with the country’s internal politics and swings between disintegration and unity, and divulges Georgia’s complex struggles with the empires that have tried to control, fragment, or even destroy it. He describes the country’s conflicts with Xenophon’s Greeks, Arabs, invading Turks, the Crusades, Genghis Khan, the Persian Empire, the Russian Empire, and Soviet totalitarianism. A wide-ranging examination of this small but colorful country, its dramatic state-building, and its tragic political mistakes, Edge of Empires draws our eyes to this often overlooked nation.
The Transformation of Georgia from 2004 to 2012 by Dimitri Gvindadze Pdf
How can developing countries become high-income nations? What are the reference points for measuring national development, public leadership and government performance? What is the nexus between public policies and geopolitical, political, emotional, historical, national governance-related, social and cultural norms, forces and factors which shape the process of the state building? This second edition of the book elaborates on many of these critical interconnections, focusing on 9 years after Georgia's Revolution of Roses in November 2003. The book explains what can be accomplished in two electoral terms at a given starting level of GDP per capita and which pitfalls to avoid. It contributes to documenting an almost decade-long history of Georgia.
Just as the railroad transformed America's economic landscape, it profoundly transfigured its citizens as well. But while there have been many histories of railroads, few have examined the subject as a social and cultural phenomenon. Informed especially by rich research in the nation's newspaper archives, Craig Miner now traces the growth of railroads from their origins in the 1820s to the onset of the Civil War. In this first social history of the early railroads, Miner reveals how ordinary Americans experienced this innovation at the grass roots, from boosters' dreams of get-rich schemes to naysayers' fears of soulless corporations. Drawing on an amazing 400,000 articles from 185 newspapers-plus more than 3,000 books and pamphlets from the era-he documents the initial burst of enthusiasm accompanying early railroading as it took shape in various settings across the country. Miner examines the cultural, economic, and political aspects of this broad and complicated topic while remaining rooted in the local interests of communities. He takes readers back to the days of the Mauch Chunk Railway, a tourist sensation of the mid-1820s, navigates the mixed reactions to trains as Baltimore's city fathers envisioned tracks to the Ohio River, shows how Pennsylvanians wrestled with the efficacy of railroads versus canals, and describes the intense rivalry of cities competing for trade as old transportation patterns were replaced by the new rail technology. Miner samples individual railroads to compare progress across the industry, showing how it became a quintessentially American business-and how the Panic of 1837 significantly slowed the railways as a major engine of growth for many years. He also explores the impact of railroads on different regions, even disproving the backwardness of the South by citing the Central of Georgia as one of the best-managed and most profitable lines in the country. Through this panoramic work, readers will discover just how the benefits of what became the country's first big business triumphed over cultural concerns, though not without considerable controversy along the way. By identifying citizens' hopes and fears sparked by the railroads, A Most Magnificent Machine takes readers down the tracks of progress as it opens a new window on antebellum America.
Gender in Georgia by Maia Barkaia,Alisse Waterston Pdf
As Georgia seeks to reinvent itself as a nation-state in the post-Soviet period, Georgian women are maneuvering, adjusting, resisting and transforming the new economic, social and political order. In Gender in Georgia, editors Maia Barkaia and Alisse Waterston bring together an international group of feminist scholars to explore the socio-political and cultural conditions that have shaped gender dynamics in Georgia from the late 19th century to the present. In doing so, they provide the first-ever woman-centered collection of research on Georgia, offering a feminist critique of power in its many manifestations, and an assessment of women’s political agency in Georgia.
The Winning of the West (Complete Edition) by Theodore Roosevelt Pdf
This eBook has been formatted to the highest digital standards and adjusted for readability on all devices. This four-volume edition by one of the most admired Presidents of the United States thoroughly explains the historical process of the conquest of the American West and how the Americans fought Indian tribes, British, French, and Spanish troops to become the greatest power of the world. Contents: From the Alleghanies to the Mississippi 1769-1776 The Spread of the English-speaking Peoples The French of the Ohio Valley The Appalachian Confederacies The Algonquins of the Northwest Boon and the Long Hunters; and Their Hunting in No-man's-land Sevier, Robertson, and the Watauga Commonwealth Lord Dunmore's War The Battle of the Great Kanawha; and Logan's Speech Boon and the Settlement of Kentucky The Southern Backwoodsmen Overwhelm the Cherokees Growth and Civil Organization of Kentucky From the Alleghanies to the Mississippi 1777-1783 The War in the Northwest Clark's Conquest of the Illinois Clark's Campaign Against Vincennes Continuance of the Struggle in Kentucky The Moravian Massacre Kentucky Until the End of the Revolution The Holston Settlements King's Mountain Robertson Founds the Cumberland Settlement What the Westerners Had Done During the Revolution The Founding of the Trans- Alleghany Commonwealths 1784-1790 The Inrush of Settlers The Indian Wars The Navigation of the Mississippi Separatist Movements and Spanish Intrigues Kentucky's Struggle for Statehood The War in the Northwest...
