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Germany's Solar Cell Promotion by Manuel Frondel,Nolan Ritter,Christoph M. Schmidt Pdf
This article demonstrates that the large feed-in tariffs currently guaranteed for solar electricity in Germany constitute a subsidization regime that, if extended to 2020, threatens to reach a level comparable to that of German hard coal production, a notoriously outstanding example of misguided political intervention. Yet, as a consequence of the coexistence of the German Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG) and the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS), the increased use of renewable energy technologies does not imply any additional emission reductions beyond those already achieved by ETS alone. Similarly disappointing is the net employment balance, which is likely to be negative if one takes into account the opportunity cost of this form of solar photovoltaic support. Along the lines of the International Energy Agency (IEA 2007:77), we therefore recommend the immediate and drastic reduction of the magnitude of the feed-in tariffs granted for solar-based electricity. Ultimately, producing electricity on this basis is among the most expensive greenhouse gas abatement options.
This title includes a number of Open Access chapters.Due to climate change, the rise in energy demand, and issues of energy security, more countries are being forced to reexamine their energy policies and consider more renewable sources of energy. Solar power is expected to play a significant role in the changing face of energy economies, due in a
The European Dimension of Germany’s Energy Transition by Erik Gawel,Sebastian Strunz,Paul Lehmann,Alexandra Purkus Pdf
This book addresses the interactions between Germany’s energy transition and the EU’s energy policy framework. It seeks to analyze the manifold connections between the prospects of the proclaimed “Energy Union” and the future of Germany’s energy transition, and identifies relevant lessons for the transformation at the EU level that can be learned from the case of Germany, as a first-mover of transforming energy systems towards renewables. The various repercussions (political, economic and systemic) from the national transition are explored within the EU context as it responds to the German transition, taking into account both existing frictions and potential synergies between predominantly national sustainability policies and the EU’s push towards harmonized policies within a common market. The book’s overall aim is to identify the most critical issues, in order to avoid pitfalls and capitalize on opportunities.
Feed-in tariffs in the European Union by Béatrice Cointe,Alain Nadaï Pdf
This book is a sociological account of the historical trajectory of feed-in tariffs (FITs) as an instrument for the promotion of renewable energy in Europe. Chapters analyse the emergence and transformations of feed-in tariffs as part of the policy arsenal developed to encourage the creation of markets for RES-E in Europe. The authors explore evolving conceptions of renewable energy policy at the intersection between environmental objectives, technological change and the ambition to liberalise the internal electricity market. They draw conclusions on the relationships between markets and policy-making as it is instituted in the European Union, and on the interplay between the implementation of a European vision on energy and national politics. Distinctive in both its approach and its methods the books aim is not to discuss the design of feed-in tariffs and their evolution, nor is it to assess their efficiency or fairness. Instead, the authors seek to understand what makes feed-in tariffs what they are, and how this has changed over time.
Author : Jeroen C. J. M. van den Bergh Publisher : Cambridge University Press Page : 575 pages File Size : 52,5 Mb Release : 2018-10-18 Category : Nature ISBN : 9781108470971
Governance for Urban Sustainability and Resilience by Jeroen van der Heijden Pdf
Cities, and the built environment more broadly, are key in the global response to climate change. This groundbreaking book seeks to understand what governance tools are best suited for achieving cities that are less harmful to the natural environment,
The Marketing Plan of Solar Frame in Germany by Shanshan Ren Pdf
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2011 in the subject Business economics - Offline Marketing and Online Marketing, grade: 1,7, Highschool of Amsterdam (HES Hogeschool voor Economische Studies), course: Marketing, language: English, abstract: Problem statement Solar products have been used more often in people’s daily life with the development of technology. From year 2005, Chinese companies accelerated their development of solar panels. Even China government has started promoting companies to develop solar technology and use solar products. Many companies and factories are producing and selling the solar panels. But there are no more than 20 factories that produce solar panel frames, and less than 40 companies that sell solar frame only. In fact, the whole world is getting more interested in solar panel applications, thus the demand for solar panels is increasing as well. As all we know each solar panel needs one solar frame, a higher demand for solar panel means a higher demand for solar frames, as a result, the current demand for solar frames exceeds of its supplies. Thus, Joyance, a Bedding company, wants to conduct some marketing research about German solar frame’s market to decide if it should enter into the German market. This dissertation aims to find out if Joyance should enter into solar frame market and how to enter by the external and internal analysis? Abstract This thesis describes analyses and evaluates Joyance’s strategy to enter the German market for solar panel frames. Joyance originally is a manufacturer of bed-frames. On the basis of external and internal analysis this thesis focuses on the general decision to enter the German market by using five-force, SWOT, DOWS and marketing matrix analysis. The external analysis shows that the demand of German market for solar panel frames is significant. Our research shows that the market size of solar panel frame is around 47 million Euros in 2010 and is still growing. It is mainly due to the stimulation by Germany government. The main suppliers for German market are Chinese solar frame manufactories and wholesalers due to its cheap price and relatively good quality. The five-force analysis shows German market is attractive due to its low threats for substitute products, low entry barriers, medium bargaining power for suppliers and buyers, and medium industry rivalry. By using SWOT analysis, 4P marketing mix, Porter’s generic strategies, Ansoff”s marketing matrix and Kotler’s STP, we figure out Joyance should enter Germany market as a wholesaler by targeting the SME of retailers and installation companies. Its .... Finally,... TABLE OF CONTENTS PROBLEM STATEMENT 3 ABSTRACT 4 1.INTRODUCTION 5 2.EXTERNAL ANALYSES 7
Solar Cells by Majid Nayeripour,Mahdi Mansouri,Farnaz Orooji,Eberhard Waffenschmidt Pdf
This edited volume Solar Cells is a collection of reviewed and relevant research chapters offering a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field of renewable energy. The book comprises single chapters authored by various researchers and is edited by a group of experts active in the physical sciences, engineering, and technology research areas. All chapters are complete in themselves but united under a common research study topic. This publication aims at providing a thorough overview of the latest research efforts by international authors on physical sciences, engineering, and technology, and opens new possible research paths for further novel developments.
The Handbook of Global Energy Policy by Andreas Goldthau Pdf
This is the first handbook to provide a global policy perspective on energy, bringing together a diverse range of international energy issues in one volume. Maps the emerging field of global energy policy both for scholars and practitioners; the focus is on global issues, but it also explores the regional impact of international energy policies Accounts for the multi-faceted nature of global energy policy challenges and broadens discussions of these beyond the prevalent debates about oil supply Analyzes global energy policy challenges across the dimensions of markets, development, sustainability, and security, and identifies key global policy challenges for the future Comprises newly-commissioned research by an international team of scholars and energy policy practitioners
The Economics and Policy of Solar Photovoltaic Generation by Pere Mir-Artigues,Pablo del Río Pdf
This book provides an up-to-date, rigorous analysis of the state of the art of solar photovoltaic (PV) generation. It focuses on the economic analysis of solar PV generation technologies as well as the policies that have been devised and implemented around the globe to support it. It provides the main theoretical tools for understanding the cost of these technologies, and discusses them from both a historical and comparative perspective with respect to other competing technologies (both conventional and renewable). In addition, it presents the conceptual rationale to maximize reader insights into whether and how public support for these technologies is justified as well as the consequences for the economy of different promotion measures. Integrating concepts from different economics disciplines (environmental economics, innovation economics, industrial economics and public economics) into a coherent basis for the analysis of the costs and policies for solar PV electricity, it provides an update to the literature to reflect recent advances in and deployments of solar electricity and the drastic reduction in associated costs.
China’s Road to Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality by Guiyang Zhuang,Hongchun Zhou Pdf
This book explains China's approach to emission peak and carbon neutrality. It provides knowledge related to emission peak and carbon neutrality in terms of the concept and connotations, practice path, energy basis, investment demand, technological innovation, consumption revolution, comprehensive response, carbon pricing mechanism, city leadership, goal synergy, role of carbon sinks, and global cooperation and gives answers to questions such as the profound significance of emission peak and carbon neutrality, China’s strategic considerations for setting the dual carbon goals, how should China achieve the dual carbon goals, and what far-reaching impact will the dual carbon campaign have on China and the world. It discusses the wide-ranging content in an easy-to-understand way. This book is a reference for global readers to learn about green and low-carbon development in China.
Planning and Installing Photovoltaic Systems by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sonnenenergie (DGS) Pdf
New third edition of the bestselling manual from the German Solar Energy Society (DGS), showing you the essential steps to plan and install a solar photovoltaic system. With a global focus, it has been updated to include sections on new technology and concepts, new legislation and the current PV market. Updates cover: new developments in inverter and module technology market situation worldwide and outlook integration to the grid (voltage stabilization, frequency, remote control) new legal requirements for installation and planning operational costs for dismantling and recycling feed-in management new requirements for fire protection new requirements in Europe for electric waste (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment, WEEE) and the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances (RoHS). Also providing information on current developments in system design, economic analysis, operation and maintenance of PV systems, as well as new software tools, hybrid and tracking systems. An essential manual for installers, engineers and architects, it details every subject necessary for successful project implementation, from the technical design to the legal and marketing issues of PV installation.
The Marketing Plan of Solar Frame in Germany by Shanshan Ren Pdf
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2011 in the subject Business economics - Offline Marketing and Online Marketing, grade: 1,7, Highschool of Amsterdam (HES Hogeschool voor Economische Studies), course: Marketing, language: English, abstract: Problem statement Solar products have been used more often in people's daily life with the development of technology. From year 2005, Chinese companies accelerated their development of solar panels. Even China government has started promoting companies to develop solar technology and use solar products. Many companies and factories are producing and selling the solar panels. But there are no more than 20 factories that produce solar panel frames, and less than 40 companies that sell solar frame only. In fact, the whole world is getting more interested in solar panel applications, thus the demand for solar panels is increasing as well. As all we know each solar panel needs one solar frame, a higher demand for solar panel means a higher demand for solar frames, as a result, the current demand for solar frames exceeds of its supplies. Thus, Joyance, a Bedding company, wants to conduct some marketing research about German solar frame's market to decide if it should enter into the German market. This dissertation aims to find out if Joyance should enter into solar frame market and how to enter by the external and internal analysis? Abstract This thesis describes analyses and evaluates Joyance's strategy to enter the German market for solar panel frames. Joyance originally is a manufacturer of bed-frames. On the basis of external and internal analysis this thesis focuses on the general decision to enter the German market by using five-force, SWOT, DOWS and marketing matrix analysis. The external analysis shows that the demand of German market for solar panel frames is significant. Our research shows that the market size of solar panel frame is around 47 million Euros in 2010 and is still growing. It is mainly due to the stimulation b
Energy Policy in the U.S. by Laurance R. Geri,David E. McNabb Pdf
In an effort to provide greater awareness of the necessary policy decisions facing our elected and appointed officials, Energy Policy in the U.S.: Politics, Challenges, and Prospects for Change presents an overview of important energy policies and the policy process in the United States, including their history, goals, methods of action, and consequences. In the first half of the book, the authors frame the energy policy issue by reviewing U.S. energy policy history, identifying the policy-making players, and illuminating the costs, benefits, and economic and political realities of currently competing policy alternatives. The book examines the stakeholders and their attempts to influence energy policy and addresses the role of supply and demand on the national commitment to energy conservation and the development of alternative energy sources. The latter half of the book delves into specific energy policy strategies, including economic and regulatory options, and factors that influence energy policies, such as the importance of international cooperation. Renewed interest in various renewable and nontraditional energy resources—for example, hydrogen, nuclear fusion, biomass, and tide motion—is examined, and policy agendas are explored in view of scientific, economic, regulatory, production, and environmental constraints. This book provides excellent insight into the complex task of creating a comprehensive energy policy and its importance in the continued availability of energy to power our way of life and economy while protecting our environment and national security.
