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Author : Salvatore Schiavo-Campo,Giulio De Tommaso,Amitava Mukherjee
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 92 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Administracion publica
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Author : Salvatore Schiavo-Campo
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1290705322
An honest and competent c ...
Author : Salvatore Schiavo-Campo
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:913715804
May 1997 An honest and competent civil service is essential for public sector efficiency and economic development. As a complex institutional challenge, civil service reform is worth doing only if it is done well. But even when circumstances are not ripe for genuine reform, governments and development institutions should keep a watching brief on civil service issues - recalling that the slide of many of today's failed states began, in part, with the degradation of their civil service. Schiavo-Campo, de Tommaso, and Mukherjee try to replace myths about government pay and employment with reliable facts from a survey of international, national, and primary sources for about 100 countries in the early 1990s. The study also outlines the general nature of civil service problems in the different regions. Nevertheless, while the facts are useful to flag possible problems and initiate a dialogue, recommendations for reform must be based on country-specific analysis. Globally, government employment is negatively associated with wages, and positively with the fiscal deficit (although the availability of financing is more important) and with per capita income (confirming Wagner's Law). But the global results stem almost entirely from strong results for Africa and Latin America. Civil service reform has suffered in the past from an overemphasis on retrenchment for fiscal reasons. Its true objective, for each country, is to achieve a civil service of the size and skill-mix, incentives, professional ethos, and accountability needed to provide public goods, help formulate and enforce the rules, and intervene to remedy market failures - as these government roles happen to be defined in the country in question. Civil service reform can begin with various diagnostic and fact-finding activities. The key measures concern rightsizing, incentives, and accountability. These are all relative notions: the right size of the workforce depends on the roles assigned to government; wage adequacy depends on private compensation levels; and strengthening of accountability must define accountability for what and to whom. When retrenchment is warranted, it must be carried out with great care to avoid skill reduction, demoralization, and lower-quality service. Adequate compensation is a must, and wage compression is to be avoided. But performance bonuses, popular in some advanced countries, have been only marginally effective in improving performance in developing countries, even in the private sector. And they can be dangerous in countries with ethnic, clan, or religious conflicts. Finally, improvements in accountability will most often require greater external openness and systematic feedback from service users. This paper - a joint product of the Office of the Chief Economist and Senior Vice President, Development Economics, and Europe and Central Asia, and Middle East and North Africa Technical Department, Public Sector Management and Information Technology Team - was produced as a background paper for World Development Report 1997 on the role of the state in a changing world.
Author : Salvatore Schiavo-Campo,Giulio de Tommaso
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:753218292
Author : Salvatore Schiavo-Campo
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:913715843
August 1997 Detailed statistical and econometric evidence on government employment and pay, both global and regional. This paper complements a separate study in this Series (Government Employment and Pay: A Global and Regional Perspective, Policy Research Working Paper 1771, May 1997) by providing the detailed statistical and econometric evidence on which that separate study is based. Schiavo-Campo, de Tommaso, and Mukherjee briefly summarize the key findings of the earlier paper for the reader's convenience and to permit this paper to stand alone. However, the purpose of the paper is to provide the country-by-country statistics. The reader is referred to the companion paper for a description and analysis of the main findings. This paper-a joint product of the Office of the Chief Economist and Senior Vice President, Development Economics, and Europe and Central Asia, and Middle East and North Africa Technical Department, Public Sector Management and Information Technology Team-was produced as a background paper for World Development Report 1997 on the role of the state in a changing world.
Author : Marco Solera,Esteban Durán,Jordi Prat,Víctor Dumas,Mariano Lafuente,Martín Ardanaz,Priscilla Gutiérrez Juárez,Jorge Vargas Cullell,Javier Beverinotti
Publisher : Inter-American Development Bank
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2016-03-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781597822510
Social spending is a powerful tool to reduce poverty, achieve higher equality and better life conditions for the inhabitants of a country. In "Social Expenditure in Central America, Panama and the Dominican Republic: 2007-2013", a characterization of the different variables that have taken social expenditure to its current position is performed. During the economic crisis period, many governments of the region confront this situation with an increase in social expenditures. However, part of the increase was centered on inflexible items, particularly wages, which facilitated the increase in fiscal deficits and, consequently, on public debt. Thus, after the financial crisis, the fiscal situation has reduced governments' buffers to respond to economic shocks, which imply that we need to examine the fiscal policy given its rigidity, the scarcity of public resources and the institutional contract. The study of wage bill increases provides more information related to the causes of this dynamic, and allow us to offer recommendations to improve spending management without threatening public finances. A better use of resources could contribute to define a more efficient and equitable agenda for the countries in the region. Finally, something that was not deeply explored, as of today, is the institutional complexity and how this could facilitate, or hinder, the government's ability to express its fiscal policy, including the effectiveness in the use of public resources.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2024-07-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Author : David L. Lindauer,Barbara Nunberg
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 1994-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821330004
Analyzes the issues affecting income security for the elderly in both developing and industrial nations. Systems providing financial security for the old are under increasing strain throughout the world. Changing demographics have led to an increased proportion of old people in the general population. Traditional means of support for the old, such as extended families, are weakening. Meanwhile, formal systems, such as government-backed pensions, have proven unstable. For these reasons economists, policymakers, and government officials are exploring ways to address such issues as: *How to ensure financial security for the old and the best ways of paying for such security *The roles of the public and private sectors when systems are used to enhance rather than detract from economic growth. This study, the first comprehensive and global examination of old age security, addresses such issues. It identifies three functions of old age financial security programs--redistribution, saving, and insurance. It evaluates the policy options for meeting these functions using two criteria: their impact on the aged and their impact on the economy as a whole. The study suggests that financial security for the old and economic growth would be better served if governments relied on three systems: 1) A publicly managed system with mandatory participation and the limited goal of reducing poverty among the old 2) A privately managed mandatory savings system 3) A voluntary savings system. These three systems would ensure against the many risks of old age. The study concludes that a combination of different income security policies is more effective than any single approach and that all countries should begin planning for their aging populations now. A Copublication of the World Bank and Oxford University Press.
Author : Salvatore Schiavo-Campo,Pachampet Sabhesa Aiyar Sundaram
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 908 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Administrative agencies
ISBN : UCSD:31822031115942
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Asia
ISBN : UOM:39015086914259
Author : Armando Castelar Pinheiro,Kiichiro Fukasaku
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Privatization
ISBN : UTEXAS:059173008384002
Author : Anita Hammer,Adam Fishwick
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2020-03-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781350305106
Part of the Critical Perspectives on Work and Employment series, this edited collection brings together contributions from leading international scholars to initiate an important dialogue between labour process analysis and scholarship on work in the Global South. This book characterises the forms of work and labour process that characterise globalising capitalism today and addresses core analytical concerns within Labour Process Theory and research on work in the South. It explores how a wide range of production relations in the Global South, ranging from formal to informal employment and self-employment, are embedded in wider social relations of gender, caste, religion and ethnicity, and are related to wider patterns of commodification and resistance. Drawing on cutting-edge research, the book's chapters consider a diverse range of working situations, covering migrant workers in the Middle East, commercial surrogacy work in India and cooperative garment workers in Argentina. In offering a novel reading of the political economy of work in the Global South and shedding light on lesser-considered fields of work and worker organization, this volume will provide new insights for making sense of the changing world of work for students, scholars, labour activists and practitioners alike.
Author : Umesh Chand
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 24 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Public health personnel
ISBN : UOM:39015069164724
Author : Howard Whitton
Publisher : Org. for Economic Cooperation & Development
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015062439727
Conflicts of interest in both the public and private sectors have become a major matter of public concern world-wide. The OECD Guidelines define a conflict of interest as occurring when a public official has private-capacity interests which could improperly influence the performance of their official duties and responsibilities. However, identifying a specific conflict of interest in practice can be difficult. And resolving the conflicting interests appropriately in a particular case is something that most people find even more challenging. The Toolkit focuses on specific techniques, resources and strategies for: Identifying, managing and preventing conflict-of-interest situations more effectively; and Increasing integrity in official decision-making, which might be compromised by a conflict of interest. This Toolkit provides non-technical, practical help to enable officials to recognise problematic situations and help them to ensure that integrity and reputation are not compromised. The tools themselves are provided in generic form. They are based on examples of sound conflict-of-interest policy and practice drawn from various OECD member and non-member countries. They have been designed for adaptation to suit countries with different legal and administrative systems. FURTHER READING: Managing Conflict of Interest in the Public Service: OECD Guidelines and Country Experiences
Author : Mr.Peter S. Heller,Mr.Alan A. Tait
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 78 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 1983-10-31
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1557750688
How many people are employed by the government? How many are employed by the central government compared with the state and local authorities? How many are employed in public enterprise? How much are they all paid? How much are they paid relative to each other, or relative to the private sector? Such questions interest people in general and economists and policymakers in particular; yet it is remarkable how little information is readily accessible on thes topics.