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Public Employment and Compensation in Canada by David K. Foot Pdf
Monographic collection of essays on civil service and public service employment and wages in Canada - covers growth in number of civil servants, and public servants, wage determination, wage differentials, fringe benefits, etc. In the public sector at both national level and local level. Bibliography pp. 186 to 188, references and statistical tables.
Government Employment and Pay by Mr.Peter S. Heller,Mr.Alan A. Tait Pdf
How many people are employed by the government? How many are employed by the central government compared with the state and local authorities? How many are employed in public enterprise? How much are they all paid? How much are they paid relative to each other, or relative to the private sector? Such questions interest people in general and economists and policymakers in particular; yet it is remarkable how little information is readily accessible on thes topics.
Author : David L. Lindauer Publisher : World Bank Publications Page : 39 pages File Size : 44,8 Mb Release : 1988 Category : Civil service ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Government Pay and Employment Policies and Government Performance in Developing Economies by David L. Lindauer Pdf
Excessive spending on public employment has contributed significantly to fiscal crises in many developing nations. Less visible, but also important for development, is the impact of pay and employment policies on government performance.
Managing Government Compensation and Employment - Institutions, Policies, and Reform Challenges by International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept. Pdf
Government compensation and employment policies are important for the efficient delivery of public services which are crucial for the functioning of economies and the general prosperity of societies. On average, spending on the wage bill absorbs around one-fifth of total spending. Cross-country variation in wage spending reflects, in part, national choices about the government’s role in priority sectors, as well as variations in the level of economic development and resource constraints.
Government Employment and Pay: A Global and Regional Perspective by Salvatore Schiavo-Campo Pdf
May 1997 An honest and competent civil service is essential for public sector efficiency and economic development. As a complex institutional challenge, civil service reform is worth doing only if it is done well. But even when circumstances are not ripe for genuine reform, governments and development institutions should keep a watching brief on civil service issues - recalling that the slide of many of today's failed states began, in part, with the degradation of their civil service. Schiavo-Campo, de Tommaso, and Mukherjee try to replace myths about government pay and employment with reliable facts from a survey of international, national, and primary sources for about 100 countries in the early 1990s. The study also outlines the general nature of civil service problems in the different regions. Nevertheless, while the facts are useful to flag possible problems and initiate a dialogue, recommendations for reform must be based on country-specific analysis. Globally, government employment is negatively associated with wages, and positively with the fiscal deficit (although the availability of financing is more important) and with per capita income (confirming Wagner's Law). But the global results stem almost entirely from strong results for Africa and Latin America. Civil service reform has suffered in the past from an overemphasis on retrenchment for fiscal reasons. Its true objective, for each country, is to achieve a civil service of the size and skill-mix, incentives, professional ethos, and accountability needed to provide public goods, help formulate and enforce the rules, and intervene to remedy market failures - as these government roles happen to be defined in the country in question. Civil service reform can begin with various diagnostic and fact-finding activities. The key measures concern rightsizing, incentives, and accountability. These are all relative notions: the right size of the workforce depends on the roles assigned to government; wage adequacy depends on private compensation levels; and strengthening of accountability must define accountability for what and to whom. When retrenchment is warranted, it must be carried out with great care to avoid skill reduction, demoralization, and lower-quality service. Adequate compensation is a must, and wage compression is to be avoided. But performance bonuses, popular in some advanced countries, have been only marginally effective in improving performance in developing countries, even in the private sector. And they can be dangerous in countries with ethnic, clan, or religious conflicts. Finally, improvements in accountability will most often require greater external openness and systematic feedback from service users. This paper - a joint product of the Office of the Chief Economist and Senior Vice President, Development Economics, and Europe and Central Asia, and Middle East and North Africa Technical Department, Public Sector Management and Information Technology Team - was produced as a background paper for World Development Report 1997 on the role of the state in a changing world.
Author : International Monetary Fund Publisher : International Monetary Fund Page : 52 pages File Size : 41,6 Mb Release : 1995-07-01 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : 9781451849110
Employment and Wages in the Public Sector by International Monetary Fund Pdf
We study the determinants of employment and wages in the public sector, using a new set of panel data for 34 LDCs and 21 OECD countries from 1972–992, by estimating equations suggested by an efficiency wage model. We find that government employment is positively associated with the relaxation of resource constraints (the revenue-to-GDP ratio and foreign financing in the case of developing countries and GDP per capita in the case of OECD countries), urbanization, the level of education, and certain countercyclical pressures for government hiring (the real effective exchange rate for developing countries and private employment for OECD countries). Certain measures of government wages are positively associated with government revenues and negatively associated with the level of education, government debt, and countercyclical pressures.
Public Sector Pay and Employment Reform by Barbara Nunberg Pdf
Overstaffed bureaucracies afflicted by eroding salaries, demoralization, corruption, moonlighting, and chronic absenteeism are often unable to carry out the key tasks of economic recovery. What should the Bank do about it?
Rightsizing Brazil’s Public-Sector Wage Bill by Ms.Izabela Karpowicz,Mauricio Soto Pdf
Brazil’s public-sector wage bill is comparatively high. It grows inertially and competes with other spending. Rightsizing the wage bill could stimulate administrative efficiency and bring more equity into a system where public employees earn more than private in comparable professions. Most importantly, however, a reform is necessary to comply with the Federal government expenditure ceiling and the subnational fiscal responsibility rules. A reform should thus encompass all government levels, and all careers, and should aim to achieve a real decrease in salaries and lower employment. In the medium term, a review of the compensation structure should rationalize the multitude if wage grids, merge allowances into the base wage, and align public sector compensation to private wages in low-skilled professions.
Author : International Monetary Fund Publisher : International Monetary Fund Page : 48 pages File Size : 45,6 Mb Release : 1988-08-08 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : 9781451958461
Government Pay Policies and Structural Adjustment by International Monetary Fund Pdf
The paper provides an overview of the main elements of pay systems that are typically used to remunerate government employees and, with reference to the experience of developed and developing countries, discusses structural issues frequently arising in the formulation of government pay policies: (1) the role of fringe benefits in the compensation system; (2) the pros and cons of a greater merit orientation in the pay system and of special pay schemes designed to remunerate staff at the professional and managerial level; and (3) factors determining internal pay differentials with special emphasis on the compressing effect of flat amount cost of living adjustments.
Governments, Parties, and Public Sector Employees by Andre Blais,Donald E. Blake Pdf
Public sector employees, as part of both society and government, offer an excellent case study to test the autonomy of politics from society. After rigorous research, André Blais, Donald E. Blake, and Stéphane Dion confirm that in the great majority of cases the Left is indeed more generous to employees than the Right, with some unusual and provocative exceptions. There is an alliance, albeit a loose one, between public sector employees and the Left, an alliance consistent over time in Europe and North America. Governments, Parties, and Public Sector Employees also shows that when the Left has to choose between more employment and higher wages for public employees, it tends to choose the former, suggesting that ideology is more important than supporters' pressures in inducing party divergence.
Author : International Monetary Fund Publisher : International Monetary Fund Page : 99 pages File Size : 45,9 Mb Release : 2016-12-04 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : 9781498345736
Case Studies on Managing Government Compensation and Employment - Institutions, Policies, and Reform Challenges by International Monetary Fund Pdf
This supplement presents country case studies reviewing country experiences with managing wage bill pressures, which are the basis for the compensation and employment reform lessons identified in the main paper. The selection of countries for the case studies reflects past studies carried out by either the IMF or the World Bank in the context of technical assistance or bilateral surveillance (Table 1). These studies provide important insights into the different sources of wage bill pressures as well as the reform challenges governments have faced when addressing these pressures over the short and medium term. The studies cover 20 countries, including five advanced economies, six countries from sub-Saharan Africa, two countries in developing Asia, one country in the Middle East and North Africa, three countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, and three countries in Central and Eastern Europe and the CIS. The structure of each case study is similar, with each study starting with a presentation of the institutional coverage and framework for setting and managing the wage bill; a description of employment and compensation levels, including their comparison with the private sector; and a discussion of the challenges that motivated the need for reforms and, when applicable, the reforms implemented and lessons derived from these.
Mr.A. E. Wayne Mitchell,Ronald James,Ann Marie Wickham
Author : Mr.A. E. Wayne Mitchell,Ronald James,Ann Marie Wickham Publisher : International Monetary Fund Page : 33 pages File Size : 44,8 Mb Release : 2019-05-17 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : 9781498316071
Government Wage Bill Management and Civil Service Reform in the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union by Mr.A. E. Wayne Mitchell,Ronald James,Ann Marie Wickham Pdf
In this study, we assess the size of the government wage bill and employment in the member countries of the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union and their implications for fiscal sustainability and the adequacy of public service delivery. Over the period 2005 to 2015 their wage bill (as a percentage of GDP, government revenues and expenditures) is higher than in other small states notwithstanding recent efforts by governments to make it more manageable. The composition and distribution of employment is sub-optimal and is reflected in skills mismatches contributing to inefficiencies in public service delivery. Using a dynamic fixed-effects panel, we find that wage bill growth reflects the expansion of government activities to speed up economic and social development and that wage bill spending is procyclical in good times but is rigid during downturns. Finally, we identify the main institutional and legal reforms needed to improve wage bill management and public service efficiency.
