Growth Inequality And Poverty

Author : Anthony Shorrocks,Rolph van der Hoeven
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2004-03-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780191533334

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Growth, Inequality, and Poverty by Anthony Shorrocks,Rolph van der Hoeven Pdf

The relationship between growth, inequality, and poverty lies at the heart of development economics. This volume draws together many of the most important recent contributions to the controversies surrounding this topic. Some of the chapters help explain why there is profound disagreement on crucial issues of growth, poverty and inequality within academic circles, and among organizations and various groups active in the development field. Another central theme is the cross-country evidence on the relationship between growth and poverty, and the extent to which it is valid to draw policy conclusions from this empirical evidence. The volume also shows how new microeconomic techniques such as poverty maps and microsimulation models can be used to improve poverty analysis and the design of pro-poor policies. The overall conclusion points to the need for diverse strategies towards growth and poverty, rather than simple blanket policy rules. Initial conditions, specific country structures, and time horizons all play a significant role. Initial conditions affect the speed with which growth reduces poverty and can also determine whether policies such as trade liberalization have a pro-poor or an anti-poor outcome. Improved education is valuable in itself, and also contributes to poverty reduction; but its effect on inequality depends on supply and demand factors, which differ significantly across countries. Likewise, the quantitative impact on poverty of redistribution from the rich to the poor vis-à-vis an increase in total national income can vary greatly across countries. Hence the need for creative approaches to poverty which take full account of the specific circumstances of individual nations and which assign a central role to inequality analysis in the discussion of poverty-alleviation policies.

Author : Ms. Valerie Cerra,Mr. Ruy Lama,Norman Loayza
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 54 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2021-03-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781513572666

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Links Between Growth, Inequality, and Poverty: A Survey by Ms. Valerie Cerra,Mr. Ruy Lama,Norman Loayza Pdf

Is there a tradeoff between raising growth and reducing inequality and poverty? This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on the complex links between growth, inequality, and poverty, with causation going in both directions. The evidence suggests that growth can be effective in reducing poverty, but its impact on inequality is ambiguous and depends on the underlying sources of growth. The impact of poverty and inequality on growth is likewise ambiguous, as several channels mediate the relationship. But most plausible mechanisms suggest that poverty and inequality reduce growth, at least in the long run. Policies play a role in shaping these relationships and those designed to improve equality of opportunity can simultaneously improve inclusiveness and growth.

Author : Martin Ravallion
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Bienestar economico y social
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Growth, Inequality and Poverty by Martin Ravallion Pdf

One side in the current debate about who benefits from growth has focused solely on average impacts on poverty and inequality, while the other side has focused on the diverse welfare impacts found beneath the averages. Both sides have a point.

Author : Director Anthony Shorrocks,Anthony Shorrocks,Rolph van der Hoeven,Manager of the Technical Secretariat Rolph Van Der Hoeven
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2004-03-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780199268658

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Growth, Inequality, and Poverty by Director Anthony Shorrocks,Anthony Shorrocks,Rolph van der Hoeven,Manager of the Technical Secretariat Rolph Van Der Hoeven Pdf

This is a collection of papers examining the pressing issue of increasing inequality in the distribution of income in developing countries. While economic growth is a prerequisite for a sustained reduction in poverty, policies aimed at raising growth rates are often associated with a range of adverse short term effects, including rising unemployment, greater economic insecurity, environmental degradation and the weakening of traditional social safety nets. Pro-poor growth strategiesattempt to address these short term problems. But the ideal mix of policies, and their impact on the prospects for poverty reduction in the longer run, remain controversial topics. Growth, Inequality and Poverty comprises many of the most important contributions to the current debate.

Author : Richard H. Adams
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Economic development
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Economic Growth, Inequality and Poverty by Richard H. Adams Pdf

Author : Asad Alam,Mamta Murthi,Ruslan Yemtsov
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105124288346

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Growth, Poverty, and Inequality by Asad Alam,Mamta Murthi,Ruslan Yemtsov Pdf

Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union have witnessed a significant decrease in poverty since the Russian financial crisis of 1998-99. Almost 40 million people moved out of poverty from 1998-2003. Three key factors contributed to poverty reduction: growth in wages, growth in employment, and more adequate social transfers. But poverty and vulnerability persist: more than 60 million people live on less than $2 a day. In their recommendations, the report's authors urge countries to continue with enterprise sector reforms, boost rural growth, promote opportunities in lagging regions, increase access to good quality basic services, and produce better social safety nets especially for the working poor and children.

Author : Juzhong Zhuang
Publisher : Anthem Press
Page : 493 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2010-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780857288066

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Poverty, Inequality, and Inclusive Growth in Asia by Juzhong Zhuang Pdf

While Asia’s growth record in recent decades is remarkable, it has been marred by rising inequalities. This book looks at recent trends of income and non-income inequalities in developing Asian countries, discusses their underlying driving forces, and examines key policy issues that need to be addressed to ensure that the benefits of growth will be more equitably shared in Asia. The book also presents a set of country studies that provide rich information on growth, poverty and inequality dynamics and the policy challenges that arise in marching toward inclusive growth.

Author : Peter Edward,Andy Sumner
Publisher : Springer
Page : 89 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2019-04-23
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783030147648

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The End of Poverty by Peter Edward,Andy Sumner Pdf

In this book Edward and Sumner argue that to better understand the impact of global growth on poverty it is necessary to consider what happens across a wide range of poverty lines. Starting with the same datasets used to produce official estimates of global poverty, they create a model of global consumption that spans the entire world’s population. They go on to demonstrate how their model can be utilised to understand how different poverty lines imply very different visions of how the global economy needs to work in order for poverty to be eradicated.

Author : Adams, Jr. (Richard H.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1290701532

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Economic Growth, Inequality, and Poverty by Adams, Jr. (Richard H.) Pdf

Adams uses new data from 50 developing countries and 101 intervals to examine the impact of economic growth on poverty and inequality. He finds that growth represents an important means for reducing poverty in the developing world. When economic growth is measured by survey mean income (consumption), there is a strong, statistical link between growth and poverty reduction. When economic growth is measured by GDP per capita, the statistical relationship between growth and poverty reduction is still present, albeit not quite as strong.Economic growth reduces poverty because growth has little impact on income inequality. In the data set income inequality rises on average less than 1.0 percent a year. Since income distributions are relatively stable over time, economic growth tends to raise incomes for all members of society, including the poor. When growth is measured by survey mean income (consumption), the elasticity of poverty with respect to growth is -2.59. In other words, on average, a 10 percentage point increase in economic growth (measured by survey mean income) will produce a 25.9 percent decrease in the proportion of people living in poverty ($1 a person a day).This paper - a product of the Poverty Reduction Group, Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Network - is part of a larger effort in the network to better inform policy debates about economic growth, poverty, and inequality.

Author : Gary S. Fields
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 62 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Economic development
ISBN : CORNELL:31924000739932

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Poverty, Inequality, and Development by Gary S. Fields Pdf

Author : Tamara Tonoyan,Michael Sauer,Frank Schulz-Nieswandt
Publisher : LIT Verlag Münster
Page : 130 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783643104120

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Growth, Inequality, Poverty and Pro-poor Health Policy by Tamara Tonoyan,Michael Sauer,Frank Schulz-Nieswandt Pdf

Improving health is a key concern of all societies, a crucial aspect for individuals but at the same time, it can contribute to higher economic growth and welfare. Thus health care has always been a complicated policy issue and cannot be separated from other issues that impinge on health such as growth, inequality, poverty etc. With a special reference to the Republic of Armenia, this book discusses the problem of achieving and sustaining redistributive health care in the context of inequality and low incomes and presents the pro-poor aspects of health policies in most important aspects.

Author : Ayodele F. Odusola,Giovanni Andrea Cornia,Haroon Bhorat,Pedro Conceição
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 43 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Africa, Sub-Saharan
ISBN : 9211264243

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Income Inequality Trends in Sub-Saharan Africa by Ayodele F. Odusola,Giovanni Andrea Cornia,Haroon Bhorat,Pedro Conceição Pdf

Author : Atsushi Maki
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2015-06-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317444794

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Poverty, Inequality and Growth in Developing Countries by Atsushi Maki Pdf

There are many problems regarding poverty, inequality and growth in developing countries in Asia and Africa. Policy makers at the national level and at international institutions such as the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund and others have implemented various policies in order to decrease poverty and inequality. This book provides empirical observations on Asian countries and Africa. Each chapter provides theoretical and empirical analysis on regional case studies with an emphasis on policy implications. The book will be of use to many who wish to assess and improve policies in developing countries and mitigate poverty and inequality, and stimulate growth, by drawing on relevant empirical research and economic theories. Clearly, there have been numerous policy failures and the book aims to provide a basis for improving policies and outcomes based on relevant empirical observations.

Author : Martin Ravallion
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 27 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1290704728

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Growth, Inequality, and Poverty by Martin Ravallion Pdf

One side in the current debate about who benefits from growth has focused solely on average impacts on poverty and inequality, while the other side has focused on the diverse welfare impacts found beneath the averages. Both sides have a point. The evidence is compelling that the poor in developing countries do typically share in the gains from rising aggregate affluence and in the losses from aggregate contraction. But how much do poor people share in growth? Do they gain more in some settings than others? Do some gain while others lose? Does pro-poor growth mean more or less aggregate growth?Recent theories and evidence suggest some answers, but deeper microeconomic empirical work is needed on growth and distributional change. Only then will we have a firm basis for identifying the specific policies and programs needed to complement and possibly modify growth-oriented policies.This paper - a product of Poverty and Human Resources, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to better inform development policy debates.

Author : Giovanni Andrea Cornia
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 438 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0199284105

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Inequality, Growth, and Poverty in an Era of Liberalization and Globalization by Giovanni Andrea Cornia Pdf

Within-country income inequality has risen since the early 1980s in most of the OECD, all transitional, and many developing countries. More recently, inequality has risen also in India and nations affected by the Asian crisis. Altogether, over the last twenty years, inequality worsened in 70per cent of the 73 countries analysed in this volume, with the Gini index rising by over five points in half of them. In several cases, the Gini index follows a U-shaped pattern, with the turn-around point located between the late 1970s and early 1990s. Where the shift towards liberalization andglobalization was concluded, the right arm of the U stabilized at the 'steady state level of inequality' typical of the new policy regime, as observed in the UK after 1990. Mainstream theory focusing on rises in wage differentials by skill caused by either North-South trade, migration, or technological change poorly explains the recent rise in income inequality. Likewise, while the traditional causes of income polarization-high land concentration, unequal access toeducation, the urban bias, the 'curse of natural resources'-still account for much of cross-country variation in income inequality, they cannot explain its recent rise. This volume suggests that the recent rise in income inequality was caused to a considerable extent by a policy-driven worsening in factorial income distribution, wage spread and spatial inequality. In this regard, the volume discusses the distributive impact of reforms in trade and financialliberalization, taxation, public expenditure, safety nets, and labour markets. The volume thus represents one of the first attempts to analyse systematically the relation between policy changes inspired by liberalization and globalization and income inequality. It suggests that capital accountliberalization appears to have had-on average-the strongest disequalizing effect, followed by domestic financial liberalization, labour market deregulation, and tax reform. Trade liberalization had unclear effects, while public expenditure reform often had positive effects.