Gunboat Democracy

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Gunboat Democracy

Russell Crandall
Gunboat Democracy Book PDF

Author : Russell Crandall
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : History
ISBN : 0742550486

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Gunboat Democracy by Russell Crandall Pdf

In this balanced and thought-provoking study, Russell Crandall examines the American decision to intervene militarily in three key episodes in American foreign policy: the Dominican Republic, Grenada, and Panama. Drawing upon previously classified intelligence sources and interviews with policymakers, Crandall analyzes the complex deliberations and motives behind each intervention and shows how the decision to intervene was driven by a perceived threat to American national security. By bringing together three important cases, Gunboat Democracy makes it possible to interpret and compare these examples and study the political systems left in the wake of intervention. Particularly salient in today's foreign policy arena, this work holds important lessons for questions of regime change and democracy by force.

Drugs and Thugs

Russell Crandall
Drugs and Thugs Book PDF

Author : Russell Crandall
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 521 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2020-10-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780300255874

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Drugs and Thugs by Russell Crandall Pdf

A sweeping and highly readable work on the evolution of America’s domestic and global drug war How can the United States chart a path forward in the war on drugs? In Drugs and Thugs, Russell Crandall uncovers the full history of this war that has lasted more than a century. As a scholar and a high-level national security advisor to both the George W. Bush and Obama administrations, he provides an essential view of the economic, political, and human impacts of U.S. drug policies. Backed by extensive research, lucid and unbiased analysis of policy, and his own personal experiences, Crandall takes readers from Afghanistan to Colombia, to Peru and Mexico, to Miami International Airport and the border crossing between El Paso and Juarez to trace the complex social networks that make up the drug trade and drug consumption. Through historically driven stories, Crandall reveals how the war on drugs has evolved to address mass incarceration, the opioid epidemic, the legalization and medical use of marijuana, and America’s shifting foreign policy.

Upholding Democracy

John R. Ballard
Upholding Democracy Book PDF

Author : John R. Ballard
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 1998-08-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9781573568067

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Upholding Democracy by John R. Ballard Pdf

An inside account of the U.S. military operation to restore Haitian President Jean-Bertrand Aristide to power in 1994, this study demonstrates progress made in joint warfighting in the period following the end of the Cold War, including improvements in command and control, joint force integration, and techniques for successful humanitarian operations.^L With ties to Haiti that date back over one hundred years, the United States could not stand by as a coup ousted Aristide in 1990. When the coup leaders refused to leave peacefully, forces authorized by the U.N. Security Council deployed toward Haiti. Diplomatic efforts by former President Carter, General Powell, and Senator Nunn eventually obtained the cooperation of coup leaders in the final hour, and on September 19, 1994, the first of over 50,000 U.S. military personnel arrived to ensure security, facilitate Aristide's return, and professionalize the Haitian security forces.^L General Henry Shelton, later the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, commanded the joint task force that entered Haiti under Chapter 7 of the U.N. Charter during one of the few recent instances of U.N. intervention without the concurrence of the host nation. While the operation was unique, its innovations will benefit planners for decades as humanitarian actions around the world continue to be important. This book illustrates the challenges of remaining engaged in support of the United Nations and of conducting modern military operations, which are highly dependent on close interagency and multinational coordination.

Imperial Skirmishes

Andrew Graham-Yooll
Imperial Skirmishes Book PDF

Author : Andrew Graham-Yooll
Publisher : Olive Branch Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2002-06-01
Category : History
ISBN : 1566564484

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Imperial Skirmishes by Andrew Graham-Yooll Pdf

Notorious for its recent military dictatorships, South America is less well known for its wars. But since the dawn of independence in the early nineteenth century, the continent has witnessed a series of conflicts, some short and small-scale, others long-lasting and extensive. Many such conflicts amounted to little more than sabre-rattling and cost little human life. But not all hostilities were small or trivial. More than 400,000 troops and civilians died in 1865-70 when Paraguay went to war with Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay in the continent's greatest military disaster.Using contemporary press reports, unpublished correspondence, and first-hand recollections of battles and skirmishes, this book analyzes how distant wars were viewed in Europe and how they affected the people who actually fought them. It reveals for the first time the true extent of European involvement in Latin America's internal strife, and captures the imperial ambitions, the belligerence, and the incompetence of Victorian generals and profiteers.

US Democracy Promotion in the Middle East

Dionysis Markakis
US Democracy Promotion in the Middle East Book PDF

Author : Dionysis Markakis
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2015-08-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781317919018

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US Democracy Promotion in the Middle East by Dionysis Markakis Pdf

US Democracy Promotion in the Middle East seeks to explore the changes in US strategy towards democracy promotion in the Middle East during the Clinton and Bush administrations, with a particular focus on Egypt, Iraq and Kuwait. At a time of regional turmoil and political reform, the topic of democracy promotion has never been more pertinent. We are witnessing the emergence of popular movements that are challenging authoritarian governments long supported by the US. Tracing the contours of the ongoing transition in US policy in the Middle East, this book critically deconstructs the strategy of democracy promotion on both a theoretical and empirical level. By formulating and applying an analytical framework derived from a Gramscian approach, Markakis seeks to propose a re-evaluation of what US foreign policy in the Middle East truly constitutes, critiquing both the ideological foundations of the strategy as well as the implementation. This book will provide a solid foundation for the analysis of US policy and in particular the strategy of democracy promotion at this time of momentous transition across the region.

Encyclopedia of U.S. Military Interventions in Latin America [2 volumes]

Alan McPherson
Encyclopedia of U S Military Interventions in Latin America 2 volumes Book PDF

Author : Alan McPherson
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 850 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2013-07-08
Category : History
ISBN : 9781598842609

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Encyclopedia of U.S. Military Interventions in Latin America [2 volumes] by Alan McPherson Pdf

This unique reference shows how the United States has intervened militarily, politically, and economically in Central America, South America, and the Caribbean from the early 19th century to the present day. What do baseball, American war crimes, and a slice of watermelon have in common in the annals of Latin American history? Believe it or not, this disparate grouping reflects the cultural and historical remnants of America's military and political involvement in the region. As early as 1811, the United States began intervening in the affairs of Central America, South America, and the Caribbean ... and it hasn't stopped since. This compelling reference analyzes both the major interventions and minor conflicts stemming from our nation's military operations in these areas and examines the people, places, legislation, and strategies that contributed to these events. In addition to documented facts and figures, the alphabetically organized entries in Encyclopedia of U.S. Military Interventions in Latin America present fascinating anecdotes on the subject, including why the United States once invaded Panama over a slice of watermelon, how an intervention in Nicaragua landed our country on trial for war crimes, and how the popularity of baseball in Latin America is a direct result of American influence. Primary source documents and visual aids accompany the content.

Covert Regime Change

Lindsey A. O'Rourke
Covert Regime Change Book PDF

Author : Lindsey A. O'Rourke
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2018-12-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781501730689

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Covert Regime Change by Lindsey A. O'Rourke Pdf

States seldom resort to war to overthrow their adversaries. They are more likely to attempt to covertly change the opposing regime, by assassinating a foreign leader, sponsoring a coup d’état, meddling in a democratic election, or secretly aiding foreign dissident groups. In Covert Regime Change, Lindsey A. O’Rourke shows us how states really act when trying to overthrow another state. She argues that conventional focus on overt cases misses the basic causes of regime change. O’Rourke provides substantive evidence of types of security interests that drive states to intervene. Offensive operations aim to overthrow a current military rival or break up a rival alliance. Preventive operations seek to stop a state from taking certain actions, such as joining a rival alliance, that may make them a future security threat. Hegemonic operations try to maintain a hierarchical relationship between the intervening state and the target government. Despite the prevalence of covert attempts at regime change, most operations fail to remain covert and spark blowback in unanticipated ways. Covert Regime Change assembles an original dataset of all American regime change operations during the Cold War. This fund of information shows the United States was ten times more likely to try covert rather than overt regime change during the Cold War. Her dataset allows O’Rourke to address three foundational questions: What motivates states to attempt foreign regime change? Why do states prefer to conduct these operations covertly rather than overtly? How successful are such missions in achieving their foreign policy goals?

The Icarus Syndrome

Peter Beinart
The Icarus Syndrome Book PDF

Author : Peter Beinart
Publisher : Melbourne Univ. Publishing
Page : 494 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Ambition
ISBN : 9780522858044

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The Icarus Syndrome by Peter Beinart Pdf

In The Icarus Syndrome, Peter Beinart tells a tale as old as the Greeks - a story about the seductions of success. Beinart describes Washington on the eve of three wars - World War I, Vietnam and Iraq - three moments when American leaders decided they could remake the world in their image. Each time, leading intellectuals declared that history was over, and the spread of democracy was inevitable. Each time, a president held the nation in the palm of his hand. And each time, a war conceived in arrogance brought untold tragedy. In dazzling colour, Beinart portrays three extraordinary generations: the progressives who took America into World War I, led by Woodrow Wilson, the lonely preacher's son who became the closest thing to a political messiah the world had ever seen. The Camelot intellectuals who took America into Vietnam, led by Lyndon Johnson, who lay awake night after night shaking with fear that his countrymen considered him weak. And George W. Bush and the post-cold war neoconservatives, the romantic bullies who believed they could bludgeon the Middle East and liberate it at the same time. Like Icarus, each of these generations crafted 'wings' - a theory about America's relationship to the world. They flapped carefully at first, but gradually lost their inhibitions until, giddy with success, they flew into the sun. But every era also brought new leaders and thinkers who found wisdom in pain. They reconciled American optimism - our belief that anything is possible - with the realities of a world that will never fully bend to our will. In their struggles lie the seeds of American renewal today. Based on years of research, The Icarus Syndrome is a provocative and strikingly original account of hubris in the American century - and how we learn from the tragedies that result.

The New Democracy Wars

Neil A. Burron
The New Democracy Wars Book PDF

Author : Neil A. Burron
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2016-03-03
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781317022930

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The New Democracy Wars by Neil A. Burron Pdf

Burron provides a critical analysis of Canadian and US democracy promotion in the Americas. He concentrates on Haiti, Peru, and Bolivia in particular but situates them within a larger analysis of Canadian and US foreign policy - bilateral and regional - in the areas of trade, investment, diplomacy, security and, for the United States, the war on drugs. His main argument is that democracy promotion is typically formulated to advance commercial, geopolitical and security objectives that conflict with a genuine commitment to democratic development. Given this broad scope, the book is well positioned to contribute to a number of debates in comparative Latin American politics and international political economy (IPE) with a focus on North-South relations in the hemisphere.

In the Shadow of International Law

Michael Poznansky
In the Shadow of International Law Book PDF

Author : Michael Poznansky
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2020-04-28
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190096618

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In the Shadow of International Law by Michael Poznansky Pdf

Secrecy is a staple of world politics and a pervasive feature of political life. Leaders keep secrets as they conduct sensitive diplomatic missions, convince reluctant publics to throw their support behind costly wars, and collect sensitive intelligence about sworn enemies. In the Shadow of International Law explores one of the most controversial forms of secret statecraft: the use of covert action to change or overthrow foreign regimes. Drawing from a broad range of cases of US-backed regime change during the Cold War, Michael Poznansky develops a legal theory of covert action to explain why leaders sometimes turn to covert action when conducting regime change, rather than using force to accomplish the same objective. He highlights the surprising role international law plays in these decisions and finds that once the nonintervention principle-which proscribes unwanted violations of another state's sovereignty-was codified in international law in the mid-twentieth century, states became more reluctant to pursue overt regime change without proper cause. Further, absent a legal exemption to nonintervention such as a credible self-defense claim or authorization from an international body, states were more likely to pursue regime change covertly and concealing brazen violations of international law. Shining a light on the secret underpinnings of the liberal international order, the conduct of foreign-imposed regime change, and the impact of international law on state behavior, Poznansky speaks to the potential consequences of America abandoning its role as the steward of the postwar order, as well as the promise and peril of promoting new rules and norms in cyberspace.

Red Heat

Alex von Tunzelmann
Red Heat Book PDF

Author : Alex von Tunzelmann
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 673 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2012-09-13
Category : History
ISBN : 9781471114779

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Red Heat by Alex von Tunzelmann Pdf

America's secret war in the Caribbean during the Cold War is revealed as never before in this riveting story of the machinations and blunders of superpowers, and the daring of the mavericks who took them on. During the presidencies of Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson, the Caribbean was in crisis, while the United States and the USSR acted out the world's rising tensions in its island nations. Meanwhile the leaders of these nations - the charismatic Fidel Castro, and his mysterious brother Raúl; the ideologue Che Guevara; the capricious psychopath Rafael Trujillo; and François 'Papa Doc' Duvalier, a buttoned-down doctor with interests in Vodou, embezzlement and torture - had ambitions of their own. Alex von Tunzelmann's brilliant narrative follows these five rivals and accomplices from the beginning of the Cold War to its end. The superpowers thought they could use these Caribbean leaders as puppets, but what neither bargained on was that their puppets would come to life. The United States, in its all-consuming fight against communism, stumbled into one disaster after another. First, with the Bay of Pigs, and then with the Cuban Missile Crisis, it helped bring the world as close to catastrophic nuclear war as it has ever been. Red Heatis an authoritative and eye-opening account of a wildly dramatic and dangerous era of international politics that has unmistakable resonance today.

Concepts and Theories of Modern Democracy

Anthony H. Birch
Concepts and Theories of Modern Democracy Book PDF

Author : Anthony H. Birch
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 287 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2002-01-04
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781134589517

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Concepts and Theories of Modern Democracy by Anthony H. Birch Pdf

The first aim of this text book is to define and examine the principle concepts that are employed when people write or argue about modern democratic politics, to discuss the implications of using the concepts in this way or that, and to examine the normative theories associated with the concepts. A second purpose is to summarise methods of analysis used by political scientists and to discuss the controversies that have arisen about these methods, with particular reference to attempts to create a science of politics.

Deterring Democracy

Noam Chomsky
Deterring Democracy Book PDF

Author : Noam Chomsky
Publisher : Hill and Wang
Page : 466 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 1992-04-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781466801530

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Deterring Democracy by Noam Chomsky Pdf

From World War II until the 1980s, the United States reigned supreme as both the economic and the military leader of the world. The major shifts in global politics that came about with the dismantling of the Eastern bloc have left the United States unchallenged as the preeminent military power, but American economic might has declined drastically in the face of competition, first from Germany and Japan ad more recently from newly prosperous countries elsewhere. In Deterring Democracy, the impassioned dissident intellectual Noam Chomsky points to the potentially catastrophic consequences of this new imbalance. Chomsky reveals a world in which the United States exploits its advantage ruthlessly to enforce its national interests--and in the process destroys weaker nations. The new world order (in which the New World give the orders) has arrived.

Encyclopedia of Chinese-American Relations

Yuwu Song
Encyclopedia of Chinese American Relations Book PDF

Author : Yuwu Song
Publisher : McFarland
Page : 367 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2016-03-18
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780786491643

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Encyclopedia of Chinese-American Relations by Yuwu Song Pdf

Since 1784, when the American ship Empress of China arrived in Guangzhou, Chinese-American relations have experienced advances and setbacks. As the Chinese economy rapidly expands, China assumes a more dominant position in world politics, and continued fruitful relations with the United States are a primary concern for both nations in the twenty-first century. This encyclopedia contains more than 400 descriptive entries of important events, issues, personalities, controversies, treaties, agreements, organizations and alliances in the history of Sino-American relations, from Chinese and American perspectives. Also included are maps, a chronology, a list of acronyms, and three appendices (American chiefs on missions to China, Chinese chiefs on missions to the United States, and the correspondence of Wade-Giles to Pinyin).

Presidential Command

Peter W. Rodman
Presidential Command Book PDF

Author : Peter W. Rodman
Publisher : Vintage
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2010-01-12
Category : History
ISBN : 9780307390523

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Presidential Command by Peter W. Rodman Pdf

An official in the Nixon, Ford, Reagan, and both Bush administrations, Peter W. Rodman draws on his firsthand knowledge of the Oval Office to explore the foreign-policy leadership of every president from Nixon to George W. Bush. This riveting and informative book about the inner workings of our government is rich with anecdotes and fly-on-the-wall portraits of presidents and their closest advisors. It is essential reading for historians, political junkies, and for anyone in charge of managing a large organization.