Health Economic Growth And Poverty Reduction In Africa
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Reproductive Health, Economic Growth, and Poverty Reduction in Africa by Germano M. Mwabu Pdf
This volume contains framework papers prepared for a collaborative research project on Reproductive Health, Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction in Africa, an initiative of the African Economic Research Consortium (AERC). Taken together, the chapters in this book make a compelling argument that improvement in reproductive health is key to raising household incomes and to reducing poverty. the books reveals that the triple phenomena of better reproductive health, economic growth, and declining poverty, are likely to be found in an environment in which labour and product markets function. Further, a macroeconomic framework that encourages domestic and foreign investments and promotes social protection for current and future generations is essential.
Health and Economic Growth by Guillem López i Casasnovas,Berta Rivera,Luis Currais Pdf
Leading international researchers offer theoretical and empirical microeconomic and macroeconomic perspectives on the ways a population's health status affects a country's economic growth.
Health, Economic Development and Household Poverty by Sara Bennett,Lucy Gilson,Anne Mills Pdf
Accessible and edited by authors based at a top institution, this book provides readers with an excellent summary in an easy-to-read style of this burgeoning field of research. In this volume Bennett, Gilson and Mills have gathered together essays written by academics and experts in the fields of health policy and economic development, each underscoring the need for political commitment to meet the needs of the poor and the development of strategies to build this commitment, covering: evidence regarding the links between health, economic development and household poverty evidence on the extent to which health care systems address the needs of the poor and the near poor innovative measures to make health care interventions widely available to the poor. Current and topical, this book is of great relevance to policy makers and practitioners in the field of international health and development and researchers engaged with global health and poverty as well as being ideal reading for students of international health and development.
New Growth and Poverty Alleviation Strategies for Africa by Karl Wohlmuth Pdf
This Volume XIV analyses the New Growth and Poverty Alleviation Strategies for Africa. Institutional issues and perspectives in designing new growth and poverty alleviation strategies are considered in various case studies (Cote d'Ivoire, Nigeria, Botswana and Tanzania). Other studies deal with institutional problems of resource-rich countries after conflict (Sudan), and with the institutions to enhance environmental protection parallel with economic growth and poverty reduction (Niger). Further studies deal with institutions to bridge the gap between formal and informal entrepreneurial sectors in Kenya and Tanzania. Local issues and perspectives for designing new growth and poverty alleviation strategies are considered in case studies on rural-urban development gaps in Tanzania, and on microfinance as an instrument for new growth and poverty alleviation strategies (Tanzania and Eritrea). A study on small farmers in Ghana provides information on the role they can play in value chains. Two studies on Nigeria highlight the local and the sub-regional health and poverty alleviation programmes and the relation to growth. Book Reviews and Book Notes on the theme are part of the volume. This Volume builds the foundation for a comprehensive strategy of policy reforms in Africa so as to integrate new growth and poverty alleviation strategies. Complementary to Volume XIV is Volume XIII on New Growth and Poverty Alleviation Strategies for Africa - International and Regional Perspectives. Both Volumes are of importance for all those who work in African countries as officials, executives, managers, researchers, and policy-makers, but also for all those who actively support Africa's development concerns at the international, regional, country, local and project levels. They will experience this Volume XIV and also the complementary Volume XIII as indispensable sources of insight, reference and inspiration.
The Role of Social Health Protection in Reducing Poverty by Maria-Pia Waelkens,Bart Criel,Werner Soors Pdf
This literature review aims to increase our knowledge of the potential that social health protection has in reducing poverty in sub-Saharan Africa. Of all regions in the world, sub-Saharan Africa ranks lowest in income per capita, life expectancy at birth, and highest in mortality. It is the only region with a negative growth for the period 1980-2000. Trapped in poverty and excluded from decent health care, the African poor have to face both the catastrophic costs of seeking health care and bear the burden of lost productivity. Evidence for the link between illness and poverty is particularly striking in the case of malaria and AIDS. Social protection is increasingly seen as a key strategy to contribute to poverty reduction and to sustainable development. But in Africa, where the informal economy sector remains huge and where poorly effective risk management strategies often prevail, there still is a long way to go. Community health insurance, however, appears to be an interesting option for meeting the goal of universal social protection. There is convincing evidence of its positive effect on access to health care. Moreover, community health insurance constitutes a promising channel to give voice to the poor. Today, this particular instrument of social health protection reaches only a small fraction of the African population, but enjoys a growing acceptance and is subject to increasing demands. Besides the ethical imperative of providing social protection, there is evidence today, albeit limited, indicating that the expansion of social health protection, by improving access to care, may increase people's participation in the labour market, improve their income and contribute to economic growth.
ICT Pathways to Poverty Reduction by Edith Ofwona Adera,T. M. Waema,Julian D. May,Ophelia Mascarenhas,Kathleen Diga Pdf
'ICT Pathways to Poverty Reduction' presents a conceptual framework to analyse how poverty dynamics change over time and to shed light on whether ICT access benefits the poor as well as the not-so-poor. Essential reading for policymakers, researchers, and academics in international development or ICT for development.
Accelerating Poverty Reduction in Africa by Kathleen Beegle,Luc Christiaensen Pdf
Sub-Saharan Africa's turnaround over the past couple of decades has been dramatic. After many years in decline, the continent's economy picked up in the mid-1990s. Along with this macroeconomic growth, people became healthier, many more youngsters attended schools, and the rate of extreme poverty declined from 54 percent in 1990 to 41 percent in 2015. Political and social freedoms expanded, and gender equality advanced. Conflict in the region also subsided, although it still claims thousands of civilian lives in some countries and still drives pressing numbers of displaced persons. Despite Africa’s widespread economic and social welfare accomplishments, the region’s challenges remain daunting: Economic growth has slowed in recent years. Poverty rates in many countries are the highest in the world. And notably, the number of poor in Africa is rising because of population growth. From a global perspective, the biggest concentration of poverty has shifted from South Asia to Africa. Accelerating Poverty Reduction in Africa explores critical policy entry points to address the demographic, societal, and political drivers of poverty; improve income-earning opportunities both on and off the farm; and better mobilize resources for the poor. It looks beyond macroeconomic stability and growth—critical yet insufficient components of these objectives—to ask what more could be done and where policy makers should focus their attention to speed up poverty reduction. The pro-poor policy agenda advanced in this volume requires not only economic growth where the poor work and live, but also mitigation of the many risks to which African households are exposed. As such, this report takes a "jobs" lens to its task. It focuses squarely on the productivity and livelihoods of the poor and vulnerable—that is, what it will take to increase their earnings. Finally, it presents a road map for financing the poverty and development agenda.
Poverty in a Rising Africa by Kathleen Beegle,Luc Christiaensen,Andrew Dabalen,Isis Gaddis Pdf
Perceptions of Africa have changed dramatically. Viewed as a continent of wars, famines and entrenched poverty in the late 1990s, there is now a focus on “Africa rising†? and an “African 21st century.†? Two decades of unprecedented economic growth in Africa should have brought substantial improvements in well-being. Whether or not they did, remains unclear given the poor quality of the data, the nature of the growth process (especially the role of natural resources), conflicts that affect part of the region, and high population growth. Poverty in a Rising Africa documents the data challenges and systematically reviews the evidence on poverty from monetary and nonmonetary perspectives, as well as a focus on dimensions of inequality. Chapter 1 maps out the availability and quality of the data needed to track monetary poverty, reflects on the governance and political processes that underpin the current situation with respect to data production, and describes some approaches to addressing the data gaps. Chapter 2 evaluates the robustness of the estimates of poverty in Africa. It concludes that poverty reduction in Africa may be slightly greater than traditional estimates suggest, although even the most optimistic estimates of poverty reduction imply that more people lived in poverty in 2012 than in 1990. A broad-stroke profile of poverty and trends in poverty in the region is presented. Chapter 3 broadens the view of poverty by considering nonmonetary dimensions of well-being, such as education, health, and freedom, using Sen's (1985) capabilities and functioning approach. While progress has been made in a number of these areas, levels remain stubbornly low. Chapter 4 reviews the evidence on inequality in Africa. It looks not only at patterns of monetary inequality in Africa but also other dimensions, including inequality of opportunity, intergenerational mobility in occupation and education, and extreme wealth in Africa.
Improving Health, Nutrition, and Population Outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa by Anonim Pdf
Annotation This book takes an in-depth look at health, nutrition and population challenges faced by Sub-Sharan Africa, particularly how disease, malnutrition and high fertility affect poverty reduction.
Development Centre Studies Education and Health Expenditure and Poverty Reduction in East Africa Madagascar and Tanzania by Morrisson Christian Pdf
This book demonstrates that in the case of very poor countries, policies aimed at universal provision of education and health services benefit the poor significantly more than more expensive targeted schemes.
Macroeconomics and Health: Investing in Health for Economic Development by Jeffrey Sachs,World Health Organization. Commission on Macroeconomics and Health,World Health Organization Pdf
Describes a strategy for investing in health for economic development, especially in the world's poorest countries. The report proposes a partnership of developing and developed countries, to save eight million lives yearly, in developing countries from infectious diseases and maternal conditions.
Economic Development in Africa in the Age of Globalization and HIV/AIDS by Daniel K. Song'ony Pdf
Economic development in Africa in the age of globalization is written for use at the university level in economic development, political economy, agricultural economics, poverty and health economics. The text provides basis for poverty in Africa then defines poverty and provides the determinants of poverty. The first part describes how agricultural development is crucial to alleviation of poverty. The text provides relevant economic theories that claim to define economic development and critically examines their applicability on alleviation of poverty in Africa. The text then provides two mathematical models that illustrate the determinants of poverty based on prices of commodities and an alternative model that is used to represent the maximization of rural household income which results in minimization of poverty. In the conclusion, the text emphasizes how HIV/AIDS has evolved from an health issue to a developmental crises resulting in perpetuated poverty in Africa.
Poverty Reduction and Beyond by T. Shiraishi,T. Yamagata,S. Yusuf Pdf
This book highlights strategies for poverty reduction in developing countries, with emphasis on the power of the market mechanism and vigor of the private sector, focusing ODA on a few longer term challenges and leveraging advances in technology to the fullest, and underlining the importance of human rights and security.
