Health Insurance Across Worldwide Health Systems

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Health Insurance Across Worldwide Health Systems

Aida Isabel Tavares
Health Insurance Across Worldwide Health Systems Book PDF

Author : Aida Isabel Tavares
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2024-03-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780854662128

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Health Insurance Across Worldwide Health Systems by Aida Isabel Tavares Pdf

Health insurance is the mechanism used to respond to uncertainty and risk aversion to illness. Health insurance, whether private, public, or mixed, serves as the main structural foundation for health systems across countries. Its objectives are to minimize the financial burden of medical expenses on people and to enhance population health. Globally, there is a great diversity of health systems and even greater variation among them. There are substantial differences in health systems and health insurance between low- and middle-income nations. The primary explanation for this could be the disparities in the resources available to fund the health system. High-income countries have the financing ability to fund the provision of health care, whereas low- and medium-income countries have a harder time funding health care. Another challenge health systems face nowadays is the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3: healthy lives and promoting well-being for all. To create resilient and sustainable health systems that guarantee healthy lives and foster well-being for people of all ages, many countries are redesigning their healthcare systems by improving financing, access, and coverage. This book discusses these issues in different health systems around the world, in low-, middle-, and high-income countries.

The Lancet: Universal Health Coverage

The Lancet
The Lancet Universal Health Coverage Book PDF

Author : The Lancet
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780702054846

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The Lancet: Universal Health Coverage by The Lancet Pdf

Margaret Chan, Director General of the World Health Organization, has stated that "Universal Health Coverage is the single most powerful concept that public health has to offer." In this Series from The Lancet, the first of three papers explores the evidence on the links between expansions in coverage and population health outcomes. The second paper looks at the political and economic dimensions of the transition to universal health coverage, and the third examines nine low-income and lower-middle-income countries in Africa and Asia that have implemented national health insurance reforms. Also, a Viewpoint calls for continued progress and argues for a large public sector role in health systems reform. What becomes clear in this issue is that although universal health coverage is not a guarantee for progress, attention should focus now not on whether, but on how to make the most of the transition. In a Comment, Judith Rodin and David de Ferranti conclude: "what will emerge in the decades ahead in each country undertaking reform is not entirely clear, but, as this Series and many country examples suggest, we are getting closer to a time when this [transition toward universal health coverage] will be achieved and families will no longer be at risk of having the cost of sickness ruin their lives." The Lancet Global Health Series are groups of articles on a topic of global health importance. Series papers and Comments, related articles, links to relevant publications, media highlights, and audio interviews are available from http://www.thelancet.com/global-health-series. Research into prevalent conditions and wider health policy issues are reported by a range of experts.

Universal Health Coverage for Inclusive and Sustainable Development

Akiko Maeda,Cheryl Cashin,Joseph Harris,Naoki Ikegami,Michael Reich
Universal Health Coverage for Inclusive and Sustainable Development Book PDF

Author : Akiko Maeda,Cheryl Cashin,Joseph Harris,Naoki Ikegami,Michael Reich
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 75 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2014-07-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464802973

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Universal Health Coverage for Inclusive and Sustainable Development by Akiko Maeda,Cheryl Cashin,Joseph Harris,Naoki Ikegami,Michael Reich Pdf

The book synthesizes the experiences from Bangladesh, Brazil, France, Ethiopia, Ghana, Indonesia, Japan, Peru, Thailand, Turkey and Vietnam in implementing policies to achieve and sustain Universal Health Coverage. The study focuses on three aspects of UHC reforms: political economy, health financing, and human resources for health.

Lives at Risk

John C. Goodman,Gerald L. Musgrave,Devon M. Herrick
Lives at Risk Book PDF

Author : John C. Goodman,Gerald L. Musgrave,Devon M. Herrick
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Health care reform
ISBN : 0742541525

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Lives at Risk by John C. Goodman,Gerald L. Musgrave,Devon M. Herrick Pdf

Lives at Risk identifies 20 myths about health care as delivered in countries that have national health insurance. These myths have gained the status of fact in both the United States and abroad, even though the evidence shows a far different reality. The authors also explore the political and economic climate of the health care system and offer alternatives to the current health care public policies.

Comparative Health Systems

Johnson,Carleen Stoskopf,Leiyu Shi
Comparative Health Systems Book PDF

Author : Johnson,Carleen Stoskopf,Leiyu Shi
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Learning
Page : 612 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2017-03-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781284111736

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Comparative Health Systems by Johnson,Carleen Stoskopf,Leiyu Shi Pdf

The Second Edition of Comparative Health Systems: A Global Perspective offers new perspectives in health administration, public health, and public policy that address evidence-based approaches to health system improvement; systems thinking at the policy level; integrated information management; macro and micro innovation, and systems sustainability. Part I offers introduces foundational concepts including health and disease; and policy and economics. Two new chapters explore innovation and sustainability; and the role and contributions of non-governmental organizations. In Part II, the health systems of 19 countries are each examined in their own chapter, that carefully explores the country’s geography and culture, the history of its health system, followed by a detailed evaluation of cost, quality, access and innovation.

Health Care Systems Around the World

Marie L. Lassey,William R. Lassey,Martin J. Jinks
Health Care Systems Around the World Book PDF

Author : Marie L. Lassey,William R. Lassey,Martin J. Jinks
Publisher : Pearson
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Cross-cultural studies
ISBN : UCSC:32106016516905

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Health Care Systems Around the World by Marie L. Lassey,William R. Lassey,Martin J. Jinks Pdf

This book provides a multidisciplinary examination of health care systems in a variety of countries. Major concepts, perspectives, and issues are introduced, defined, and used as the basis for analysis. Thirteen countries are described and analyzed in considerable detail along with the demographic, social, and economic characteristics and health care systems of each. The book presents a general model and definition of health care systems, including important factors to consider in understanding health promotion, prevention of disease, and health care. It provides detailed descriptions of diverse health care systems, ranging from centralized and government operated to largely private enterprises, noting the virtues and liabilities of each system. A valuable resource for anyone who wishes to understand the changes taking place in health care delivery systems in the United States and in a variety of countries across the world.

Health Systems Financing

World Health Organization
Health Systems Financing Book PDF

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789241564021

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Health Systems Financing by World Health Organization Pdf

"This World Health Report was produced under the overall direction of Carissa Etienne ... and Anarfi Asamoa Baah ... The principal writers were David B. Evans ... [et al] -- t.p. verso.

National Health Systems of the World

Milton I. Roemer
National Health Systems of the World Book PDF

Author : Milton I. Roemer
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 1993-01-14
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199762675

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National Health Systems of the World by Milton I. Roemer Pdf

This is the companion to the comprehensive review of national health systems presented in Volume I. In that volume, the author analyzed the resources, organization, financing, management, and delivery of health services in 68 countries at diverse levels of economic development and political ideology. In Volume II, the principal issues in health systems across countries are carefully examined. These issues are categorized according to the several components by which national health systems may be analyzed. In the general field of health resources, Roemer discusses physicians and traditional healers, nurses, pharmacists, auxiliary health personnel, the background and distribution of hospitals and health centers, and the production and consumption of drugs. The sections of this important work elucidate the various issues surrounding the world's health systems. The scope and functions of Ministries of Health and social security programs for health care in different types of health systems are reviewed. The book recognizes the contributions of voluntary health agencies, as well as the characteristics of major services in the private sector of national economies. The serious implications of private profit in health systems and the benefits and difficulties of private/public sector relationships are also examined. This authoritative volume presents a global analyzation of economic and management support for national health systems including a discussion of world-wide expenditures according to the source of financing and the purposes for which money is spent. Special attention is also given to experiences in the delivery of health service including ambulatory and primary care, and equivalent analyses are made of world-wide delivery of hospital services, regionalization, and long-term care. Volume II concludes with a review of international health activities from the 19th century International Sanitary Conferences up to the present era of the World Health Organization. This critical work probes the political factors involved in this evolution. The last chapter summarizes major social trends in society, along with major trends in the health system components: resources, programs, economic support, management, and delivery of services.

Going Universal

Daniel Cotlear,Somil Nagpal,Owen Smith,Ajay Tandon,Rafael Cortez
Going Universal Book PDF

Author : Daniel Cotlear,Somil Nagpal,Owen Smith,Ajay Tandon,Rafael Cortez
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2015-09-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781464806117

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Going Universal by Daniel Cotlear,Somil Nagpal,Owen Smith,Ajay Tandon,Rafael Cortez Pdf

This book is about 24 developing countries that have embarked on the journey towards universal health coverage (UHC) following a bottom-up approach, with a special focus on the poor and vulnerable, through a systematic data collection that provides practical insights to policymakers and practitioners. Each of the UHC programs analyzed in this book is seeking to overcome the legacy of inequality by tackling both a “financing gap†? and a “provision gap†?: the financing gap (or lower per capita spending on the poor) by spending additional resources in a pro-poor way; the provision gap (or underperformance of service delivery for the poor) by expanding supply and changing incentives in a variety of ways. The prevailing view seems to indicate that UHC require not just more money, but also a focus on changing the rules of the game for spending health system resources. The book does not attempt to identify best practices, but rather aims to help policy makers understand the options they face, and help develop a new operational research agenda. The main chapters are focused on providing a granular understanding of policy design, while the appendixes offer a systematic review of the literature attempting to evaluate UHC program impact on access to services, on financial protection, and on health outcomes.

Universal Health Care

Claudio Butticè
Universal Health Care Book PDF

Author : Claudio Butticè
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2019-11-15
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9781440868450

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Universal Health Care by Claudio Butticè Pdf

This accessibly written book explains universal healthcare; the many forms it can take; and the issues, debates, and historical context underpinning the continued struggle for its implementation in the United States. Universal healthcare may be defined as any healthcare system that ensures at least basic coverage to most, if not all, citizens of a country. Although it may be implemented in many ways, universal healthcare has been widely accepted by international humanitarian organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) as the best way to ensure the universal human right to health. So why is the United States the only industrialized country without universal healthcare? What are the political, social, and economic factors that have prevented its successful introduction? Universal Healthcare explores what universal healthcare is, the many forms it can take—using examples from countries around the world—and the tumultuous history of attempts to implement a system of universal healthcare in the United States. Part II delves into the contentious issues and debates surrounding adoption of universal healthcare in the United States. Lastly, Part III provides a variety of useful materials, including case studies, a timeline of critical events, a glossary, and a directory of resources.

Approaches to Universal Health Coverage and Occupational Health and Safety for the Informal Workforce in Developing Countries

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Public-Private Partnerships for Global Health and Safety
Approaches to Universal Health Coverage and Occupational Health and Safety for the Informal Workforce in Developing Countries Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Public-Private Partnerships for Global Health and Safety
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 141 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2016-06-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309374095

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Approaches to Universal Health Coverage and Occupational Health and Safety for the Informal Workforce in Developing Countries by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Public-Private Partnerships for Global Health and Safety Pdf

Universal health coverage (UHC) has been recognized by the World Health Organization as a key element in reducing social inequality and a critical component of sustainable development and poverty reduction. In most of the world UHC is sought through a combination of public and private-sector health care systems. In most low- and middle-income countries health systems are evolving to increasingly rely on the private sector because the public sector lacks the infrastructure and staff to meet all health care needs. With growing individual assets available for private-sector expenditure, patients often seek better access to technology, staff, and medicines. However, in low-income countries nearly 50 percent of health care financing is out-of-pocket. With the expected increase in the overall fraction of care provided through the private sector, these expenditures can be financially catastrophic for individuals in the informal workforce. In the global workforce of approximately 3 billion people, only 10 to 15 percent are estimated to have some type of access to occupational health services. The informal workforce is growing worldwide, and the degree to which its occupational health needs are satisfied depends on the capabilities of the general health care system. In July 2014, the Institute of Medicine held a workshop on approaches to universal health coverage and occupational health and safety for informal sector workers in developing countries. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from this workshop. Approaches to Universal Health Coverage and Occupational Health and Safety for the Informal Workforce in Developing Countries identifies best practices and lessons learned for the informal workforce in developing countries in the financing of health care with respect to health care delivery models that are especially suitable to meeting a population's needs for a variety of occupational health issues, including the prevention of or mitigation of hazardous risks and the costs of providing medical and rehabilitation services and other benefits to various types of workers within this population. These experiences and lessons learned may be useful for stakeholders in moving the discussions, policies, and mechanisms forward to increase equitable access to quality health services without financial hardship for the informal workforce.

Comparative Health Systems

James A. Johnson
Comparative Health Systems Book PDF

Author : James A. Johnson
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Publishers
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2009-05-21
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781449666743

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Comparative Health Systems by James A. Johnson Pdf

In an increasingly globalized society, a clear understanding of international healthcare systems is a fundamental step toward improving the quality of health and healthcare systems in the United States and abroad. Comparative Health Systems: Global Perspectives explores the health systems of 17 countries through comparative study. Important Notice: The digital edition of this book is missing some of the images or content found in the physical edition.

Global Marketplace for Private Health Insurance

Alexander S. Preker,Peter Zweifel,Onno P. Schellekens
Global Marketplace for Private Health Insurance Book PDF

Author : Alexander S. Preker,Peter Zweifel,Onno P. Schellekens
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 528 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2009-11-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821376772

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Global Marketplace for Private Health Insurance by Alexander S. Preker,Peter Zweifel,Onno P. Schellekens Pdf

Financial protection against the cost of illness and inclusion of vulnerable groups will require better mobilization and use of private means. Private voluntary health insurance already plays an important role in mobilizing additional resources to the health sector and protecting against the catastrophic cost of illness in some countries. This review explores the context under which private voluntary health insurance could contribute to an improvement in the sustainability of the health sector and financial protection in other countries.

The Impact of Health Insurance in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Maria-Luisa Escobar,Charles C. Griffin,R. Paul Shaw
The Impact of Health Insurance in Low and Middle Income Countries Book PDF

Author : Maria-Luisa Escobar,Charles C. Griffin,R. Paul Shaw
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2011-01-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780815705611

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The Impact of Health Insurance in Low- and Middle-Income Countries by Maria-Luisa Escobar,Charles C. Griffin,R. Paul Shaw Pdf

Over the past twenty years, many low- and middle-income countries have experimented with health insurance options. While their plans have varied widely in scale and ambition, their goals are the same: to make health services more affordable through the use of public subsidies while also moving care providers partially or fully into competitive markets. Colombia embarked in 1993 on a fifteen-year effort to cover its entire population with insurance, in combination with greater freedom to choose among providers. A decade later Mexico followed suit with a program tailored to its federal system. Several African nations have introduced new programs in the past decade, and many are testing options for reform. For the past twenty years, Eastern Europe has been shifting from government-run care to insurance-based competitive systems, and both China and India have experimental programs to expand coverage. These nations are betting that insurance-based health care financing can increase the accessibility of services, increase providers' productivity, and change the population's health care use patterns, mirroring the development of health systems in most OECD countries. Until now, however, we have known little about the actual effects of these dramatic policy changes. Understanding the impact of health insurance–based care is key to the public policy debate of whether to extend insurance to low-income populations—and if so, how to do it—or to serve them through other means. Using recent household data, this book presents evidence of the impact of insurance programs in China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ghana, Indonesia, Namibia, and Peru. The contributors also discuss potential design improvements that could increase impact. They provide innovative insights on improving the evaluation of health insurance reforms and on building a robust knowledge base to guide policy as other countries tackle the health insurance challenge.

Investing in Global Health Systems

Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Committee on Investing in Health Systems in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Investing in Global Health Systems Book PDF

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Committee on Investing in Health Systems in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2014-09-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309311724

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Investing in Global Health Systems by Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Committee on Investing in Health Systems in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Pdf

The United States has been a generous sponsor of global health programs for the past 25 years or more. This investment has contributed to meaningful changes, especially for women and children, who suffer the brunt of the world's disease and disability. Development experts have long debated the relative merits of vertical health programming, targeted to a specific service or patient group, and horizontal programming, supporting more comprehensive care. The U.S. government has invested heavily in vertical programs, most notably through the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), its flagship initiative for HIV and AIDS. PEPFAR and programs like it have met with good success. Protecting these successes and continuing progress in the future depends on the judicious integration of vertical programs with local health systems. A strong health system is the best insurance developing countries can have against a disease burden that is shifting rapidly and in ways that history has not prepared us for. Reaching the poor with development assistance is an increasingly complicated task. The majority of the roughly 1 billion people living in dire poverty are in middle-income countries, where foreign assistance is not necessarily needed or welcome. Many of the rest live in fragile states, where political volatility and weak infrastructure make it difficult to use aid effectively. The poorest people in the world are also the sickest; they are most exposed to disease vectors and infection. Nevertheless, they are less likely to access health services. Improving their lot means removing the systemic barriers that keep the most vulnerable people from gaining such access. Investing in Global Health Systems discusses the past and future of global health. First, the report gives context by laying out broad trends in global health. Next, it discusses the timeliness of American investment in health systems abroad and explains how functional health systems support health, encourage prosperity, and advance global security. Lastly, it lays out, in broad terms, an effective donor strategy for health, suggesting directions for both the manner and substance of foreign aid given. The challenge of the future of aid programming is to sustain the successes of the past 25 years, while reducing dependence on foreign aid. Investing in Global Health Systems aims to help government decision makers assess the rapidly changing social and economic situation in developing countries and its implications for effective development assistance. This report explains how health systems improvements can lead to better health, reduce poverty, and make donor investment in health sustainable.