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Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 130 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Air
ISBN : 9289071796
Author : United Nations. Economic Commission for Europe
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 106 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Law
ISBN : UOM:39015052467365
Presents the complete 1998 protocols of the 1979 convention that shaped international environmental law. Defines and charts pollution sources and emission control measures. Lacks references and an index. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.
Author : Sivakumaran SIVARAMANAN
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2018-01-18
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1976932483
Heavy metal pollution due to various sources such as from agro chemicals, ballast water, electronic waste, vehicle exhaust, industrial effluents, coal power plants, sludge wastes, medicinal chemicals, laboratory waste and domestic wastes are become a major threat to the environment. WHO has found there is a health risk due to long-range transboundary air pollutants containing heavy metals. Arsenic, Beryllium, radium, chromium and cadmium are well known carcinogens. Some of them(As and Cd) found in well waters (north central province of Sri Lanka, India, Korea, Chile and Bangladesh) or surface water bodies (Chile, Africa, China India and Bangladesh)which are in close proximity with agricultural lands or industrial zones or waste dumping areas (chemical or electronic). Several acute and chronic effects are being recorded. This book reviews heavy metals, sources, effects and remediation techniques in general.
Author : United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
Publisher : United Nations
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2015-12-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789210574914
The UNECE Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution, adopted in 1979, is the first international legally binding instrument to address problems of air pollution on a broad regional basis. Initially focused on problems of acidification and eutrophication, it now addresses a wider array of pollutants including ground-level ozone, persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals and, most recently, particulate matter. This Handbook contains the most recent versions of the Convention's eight protocols as these have been amended and/or adjusted to maintain their relevance to the work of the Convention and to accommodate new Parties.
Author : Pardeep Singh,Rishikesh Singh,Vipin Kumar Singh,Rahul Bhadouria
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 49 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2021-04-12
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781119693611
POLLUTANTS AND WATER MANAGEMENT Pollutants and Water Management: Resources, Strategies and Scarcity delivers a balanced and comprehensive look at recent trends in the management of polluted water resources. Covering the latest practical and theoretical aspects of polluted water management, the distinguished academics and authors emphasize indigenous practices of water resource management, the scarcity of clean water, and the future of the water system in the context of an increasing urbanization and globalization. The book details the management of contaminated water sites, including heavy metal contaminations in surface and subsurface water sources. It details a variety of industrial activities that typically pollute water, such as those involving crude oils and dyes. In its discussion of recent trends in abatement strategies, Pollutants and Water Management includes an exploration of the application of microorganisms, like bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, and cyanobacteria, for the management of environmental contaminants. Readers will also discover a wide variety of other topics on the conservation of water sources including: The role of government and the public in the management of water resource pollution The causes of river system pollution and potential future scenarios in the abatement of river pollution Microbial degradation of organic pollutants in various water bodies The advancement in membrane technology used in water treatment processes Lead contamination in groundwater and recent trends in abatement strategies for it Highly polluting industries and their effects on surrounding water resources Perfect for graduate and postgraduate students and researchers whose focus is on recent trends in abatement strategies for pollutants and the application of microorganisms for the management of environmental contaminants, Pollutants and Water Management: Resources, Strategies and Scarcity also has a place in the libraries of environmentalists whose work involves the management and conservation of polluted sites.
Author : Lubomir I. Simeonov,Mihail V. Kochubovski,Biana G. Simeonova
Publisher : Springer
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2010-12-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400702530
Heavy metals can be emitted into environment by both natural and anthropogenic sources, mainly mining and industrial activity. Human exposure occurs through all environmental media. Infants are more susceptible to the adverse effects of exposure. Increasing attention is now being paid to the mental development of children exposed to heavy metals. The purpose of this book is to evaluate the existing knowledge on intellectual impairment in children exposed to heavy metals in their living environment and to identify the research needs in order to obtain a clearer picture of the situation in countries and regions at risk, in which the economy is closely related to metallurgy and heavy metals emission, and to recommend a strategy for human protection. In greater detail the main objectives could be formulated as follows: to review the principal sources of single, and complex mixtures of, heavy metal pollutants in the environment; to identify suitable methodology for chemical analyses in the environment and in humans; to evaluate the existing methods for measuring mental impairment, including their reliability and validity; to recommend a standard testing protocol to be used in future research; to assess the future role of environmental heavy metal pollution in countries and regions at risk and its effects on children’s neurological development; to recommend a prevention strategy for protecting children’s health and development.
Author : Milena Jovašević-Stojanović,Alena Bartonova
Publisher : Institut za nuklearne nauke VINČA
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2017-10-10
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9788673061399
Author : Wim de Vries,Jean-Paul Hettelingh,Maximilian Posch
Publisher : Springer
Page : 662 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2015-04-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401795081
This book provides a unique overview of research methods over the past 25 years assessing critical loads and temporal effects of the deposition of air pollutants. It includes critical load methods and applications addressing acidification, eutrophication and heavy metal pollution of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Applications include examples for each air pollution threat, both at local and regional scale, including Europe, Asia, Canada and the US. The book starts with background information on the effects of the deposition of sulphur, nitrogen and heavy metals and geochemical and biological indicators for risk assessments. The use of those indicators is then illustrated in the assessment of critical loads and their exceedances and in the temporal assessment of air pollution risks. It also includes the most recent developments of assessing critical loads and current and future risks of soil and water chemistry and biodiversity under climate change, with a special focus on nitrogen. The book thus provides a complete overview of the knowledge that is currently used for the scientific support of policies in the field of air pollution control to protect ecosystem services.
Author : Rajeev Pratap Singh,Pooja Singh,Amrita Srivastava
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 442 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2023-10-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789819903979
This contributed volume covers a comprehensive account of the sources, toxic biological as well as environmental impacts, and possible remediation strategies for contamination by heavy metals. In biological systems, toxic metals affect the integrity of cellular organelles and act as carcinogens causing chromosomal aberrations or as systemic toxicants leading to cardiovascular, neurobehavioral, and immunological disorders. In plants, they interfere with photosynthesis, fertility, metabolite, and chlorophyll synthesis. Toxicity induced by heavy metals involves mechanistic approaches that need to be understood properly. They cannot be degraded by biological or chemical means and thus can only be converted to less harmful forms. The conventional detection methods include biosensors, voltammetry, atomic absorption spectrometry, and inductively coupled plasma with atomic emission spectrometry. All such strategies for metal detection and mitigation strategies are covered in this title under one section. This book incorporates classical views along with modern scientific approaches to develop an understanding of the subject matter suitable for academicians, researchers, planners, policymakers, NGOs, and environmental consultancies and raise awareness on this concern. Topics representing diverse sections namely environmental impacts, biological effects, and methods used for detection and remediation have been included to address all possible contemporary issues on the topic in one concise volume.
Author : Fauser, P;Ketzel, M;Becker, T;Plejdrup, M;Brandt, J,Gidhagen, L,Omstedt, G,Skårman, T,Bartonova, A,Schwarze, P,Karvosenoja, N,Paunu, V-V,Kukkonen, J,Karppinen, A
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
Page : 86 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2016-08-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789289346337
Seventeen pollutants (particles, heavy metals, inorganic gasses and organic compounds) are for the first time analyzed in a screening of the carcinogenic risk at very high resolution and large scale in ambient air in the Nordic countries. Modelled 2010 annual mean air concentrations show no exceedances of the EU air quality values. The only exceedance of US-EPA 1:100,000 cancer risk concentrations occurs for the PAH BaP in Denmark. However, the EU target value threshold for BaP is not exceeded. No emission data for BaP are available for the other countries and important uncertainties are still related to the Danish emissions. Long-range transport is significant except for BaP that originates mostly from residential wood combustion. It is recommended to monitor the influence from residential wood combustion more extensively, and to analyze longer time trends for long-term human exposure.
Author : Rajeev Bhat,Vicente M. Gómez-López
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 652 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2014-06-23
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781118474600
The past few years have witnessed an upsurge in incidences relating to food safety issues, which are all attributed to different factors. Today, with the increase in knowledge and available databases on food safety issues, the world is witnessing tremendous efforts towards the development of new, economical and environmentally-friendly techniques for maintaining the quality of perishable foods and agro-based commodities. The intensification of food safety concerns reflects a major global awareness of foods in world trade. Several recommendations have been put forward by various world governing bodies and committees to solve food safety issues, which are all mainly targeted at benefiting consumers. In addition, economic losses and instability to a particular nation or region caused by food safety issues can be huge. Various ‘non-dependent’ risk factors can be involved with regard to food safety in a wide range of food commodities such as fresh fruits, vegetables, seafood, poultry, meat and meat products. Additionally, food safety issues involves a wide array of issues including processed foods, packaging, post-harvest preservation, microbial growth and spoilage, food poisoning, handling at the manufacturing units, food additives, presence of banned chemicals and drugs, and more. Rapid change in climatic conditions is also playing a pivotal role with regard to food safety issues, and increasing the anxiety about our ability to feed the world safely. Practical Food Safety: Contemporary Issues and Future Directions takes a multi-faceted approach to the subject of food safety, covering various aspects ranging from microbiological to chemical issues, and from basic knowledge to future perspectives. This is a book exclusively designed to simultaneously encourage consideration of the present knowledge and future possibilities of food safety. This book also covers the classic topics required for all books on food safety, and encompasses the most recent updates in the field. Leading researchers have addressed new issues and have put forth novel research findings that will affect the world in the future, and suggesting how these should be faced. This book will be useful for researchers engaged in the field of food science and food safety, food industry personnel engaged in safety aspects, and governmental and non-governmental agencies involved in establishing guidelines towards establishing safety measures for food and agricultural commodities.
Author : Vanda Maria Falcão Espada Lopes de Andrade
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2023-08-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781000954333
The current exposure of human populations to toxic metals makes the prevention and control of such exposures crucial. Biomarkers are undoubtably recognized as vital tools to achieve these goals. This book is for researchers, toxicologists, physicians, pharmacologists and those working in governmental regulatory agencies and other public health fields. The first part of this book covers general aspects of biomarkers of toxic metals, while parts 2 and 3 cover biomarkers of xenobiotic metals and essential metals with potential for toxicity, respectively. In part 4, novel approaches to metal biomarkers are focused.
Author : Mohammad Hadi Dehghani,Rama Rao Karri,Inderjeet Tyagi
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 538 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2023-09-12
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780443186196
Sustainable Technologies for Remediation of Emerging Pollutants from Aqueous Environment compiles and collates advanced technologies for the purification of water and wastewater. The book covers the biological purification of wastewater, the use of adsorbents for decontamination of water, the role of membrane technology and its composites for removing emerging pollutants, and applications of advanced oxidation processes (AOP) for removal of emerging pollutants. This resource provides a single source solution to academicians and young researchers by assembling the latest information on the application of the conventional and non-conventional in water and wastewater purification. Presents global impacts of pollutants in the water environment, including organic pollutants, inorganic pollutants and biological contamination Compares removal mechanisms of emerging pollutants by different purification technologies Applies conventional and non-conventional techniques to water and wastewater purification processes
Author : Michael Schmidt,John Glasson,Lars Emmelin,Hendrike Helbron
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 509 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2008-03-04
Category : Law
ISBN : 9783540311416
Standards and Thresholds play an important role in many stages of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process. They can be legally binding or guidance values and are linked to environmental data. This book provides a comprehensive collection of standards and thresholds, with their derivation and application in case studies of EIA projects. The text introduces key drivers of standards, their effect on environment and health, emerging issues and more.
Author : Ingela Helmfrid
Publisher : Linköping University Electronic Press
Page : 69 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2019-10-17
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789176850060
There are many villages where environmental contamination is substantial due to historical industrial activities. According to the European Environment Agency, there are about 2.5 million potentially contaminated sites in the European member states. In Sweden, there are about 80 000 more or less contaminated areas. About 1000 of them are classified into the highest risk category, Hazard Class 1, and should be remediated. Population exposure due to these industrially contaminated sites may contribute to adverse health effects and is a global environmental problem. The general aim of this thesis was to evaluate the occurrence of cancer in populations residing in contaminated areas in relation to indirect exposure via the long-term consumption of locally produced food, taking into account residential, occupational and lifestyle factors. Associations between reported local food consumption frequencies, biomarker concentrations and environmental and lifestyle factors were explored. The Swedish national cancer registers and questionnaire information was used to identify cancer risk groups in the study population. The questionnaire was evaluated regarding how well it reflected measured levels of biomarkers in human biological samples, and how the consumption of local food from contaminated areas contributed to the total body burden of contaminants. Despite historically high environmental levels of contaminants in the soil and sediments, current contaminant exposure in the studied population living in the contaminated areas was similar to or only moderately higher than that of the general population. No significant associations with increased cancer risk were detected in the highest tertile of metals concentrations in blood or PAH in urine. Reported long-term high consumption of certain local foods was associated with higher cadmium (vegetarian food) and lead (fish, meat) concentrations in blood and urine. Long-term high consumption of non-local food from places outside the study areas was not associated with increased concentrations of metals compared with consumers of local food. It was concluded that the questionnaire information on consumption of locally produced food describes differences in food consumption in the study population reasonably well. An increased risk of cancer was associated with smoking, family history of cancer and obesity. Residing in a contaminated area during the first five years of life was associated with an increased risk of cancer, which may indicate exposure to contaminants in early life. Also, long-term high consumption of particular local foods (fish, chicken, lamb, game meat) was associated with an increased risk of various forms of cancer, while reported high consumption of these foods from non-local sources was not associated with increased risk of cancer. The associations between habitual consumption of local food and different types of cancer may reflect a higher exposure in the past, and thus, if consumption of local food contributes to the risk of acquiring cancer, that contribution is probably lower today than previously. Furthermore, it cannot be ruled out that other contaminants in the food contribute to the increased cancer risks observed. In conclusion, the questionnaire that was developed for the present thesis can identify risk groups within populations and can be used as a tool in a health-risk assessment.
