Helsinki 1975 And The Transformation Of Europe

Author : Oliver Bange,Gottfried Niedhart
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2008-07-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780857450166

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Helsinki 1975 and the Transformation of Europe by Oliver Bange,Gottfried Niedhart Pdf

It was in Europe that the Cold War reached a decisive turning point in the 1960s, leading to the era of détente. The Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE), with its Final Act in Helsinki in August 1975, led to a rapprochement between East and West in the fields of security, economy and culture. This volume offers a pilot study in what the authors perceive as the key issues within this process: an understanding over the ‘German problem’ (balancing the recognition of the post-war territorial status quo against a formula for the eventuality of a peaceful change of frontiers) and the Western strategy of transformation through a multiplication of contacts between the two blocs. Both of these arguments emerged from the findings of an international research project on ‘Détente and CSCE in Europe, 1966-1975’, funded by the Volkswagen Stiftung and headed by the two editors.

Author : Michael Cotey Morgan
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 414 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2020-08-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691210469

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The Final Act by Michael Cotey Morgan Pdf

The definitive account of the historic diplomatic agreement that provided a blueprint for ending the Cold War The Helsinki Final Act was a watershed of the Cold War. Signed by thirty-five European and North American leaders at a summit in Finland in the summer of 1975, the document presented a vision for peace based on common principles and cooperation across the Iron Curtain. The Final Act is the first in-depth history of the diplomatic saga that produced this important agreement. This gripping book explains the Final Act's emergence from the parallel crises of the Soviet bloc and the West during the 1960s and the conflicting strategies that animated the negotiations. Drawing on research in eight countries and multiple languages, The Final Act shows how Helsinki provided a blueprint for ending the Cold War and building a new international order.

Author : United States. Congress. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1985
Category : Civil rights
ISBN : HARVARD:32044057799157

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The Helsinki Process and East West Relations by United States. Congress. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe Pdf

Author : Poul Villaume,Odd Arne Westad
Publisher : Museum Tusculanum Press
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Cold War
ISBN : 9788763525886

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Perforating the Iron Curtain by Poul Villaume,Odd Arne Westad Pdf

Cold War history research of the recent years suggests that the East-West detente process of the 1970s was a more significant element than previously believed in understanding and explaining the processes, on both sides of the East-West divide, which led to the peaceful end of the Cold War in the late 1980s. This anthology is a contribution to this research. The dozen articles elucidate the European detente process from grass-root - as well as diplomatic - levels, including the Helsinki Conference Final Act of 1975 on respect of human rights and human contacts across the Iron Curtain of the Cold War. The articles are based on recently opened state and private archives from West and East Europe, as well as the US. They are written by a mix of internationally distinguished senior scholars and younger promising researchers from the US, Germany, Poland, Switzerland, Italy, and Denmark.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1985
Category : Civil rights
ISBN : STANFORD:36105009887881

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The Helsinki Process and East West Relations by Anonim Pdf

Author : Leopoldo Nuti
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2008-11-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9781134044979

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The Crisis of Détente in Europe by Leopoldo Nuti Pdf

This edited volume is the first detailed exploration of the last phase of the Cold War, taking a critical look at the crisis of détente in Europe in the late 1970s and early 1980s. The transition from détente to a new phase of harsh confrontation and severe crises is an interesting, indeed crucial, phase of the evolution of the international system. This book makes use of previously unreleased archival materials, moving beyond existing interpretations of this period by challenging the traditional bipolar paradigm that focuses mostly on the role of the superpowers in the transformation of the international system. The essays here emphasize the combination and the interplay of a large number of variables- political, ideological, economic and military - and explore the topic from a truly international perspective. Issues covered include human rights, the Euromissiles, the CSCE (Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe), the Revolution in Military Affairs, economic growth and its consequences.

Author : Nicolas Badalassi,Sarah B. Snyder
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2018-11-16
Category : History
ISBN : 9781789200270

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The CSCE and the End of the Cold War by Nicolas Badalassi,Sarah B. Snyder Pdf

From its inception, the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) provoked controversy. Today it is widely regarded as having contributed to the end of the Cold War. Bringing together new and innovative research on the CSCE, this volume explores questions key to understanding the Cold War: What role did diplomats play in shaping the 1975 Helsinki Final Act? How did that agreement and the CSCE more broadly shape societies in Europe and North America? And how did the CSCE and activists inspired by the Helsinki Final Act influence the end of the Cold War?

Author : William Korey
Publisher : Palgrave Macmillan
Page : 529 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Europe
ISBN : 031212189X

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The Promises We Keep by William Korey Pdf

When the Helsinki Final Act was signed in 1975, no one anticipated the extraordinary impact it would have in undermining Communist rule in Eastern Europe and bringing down the Berlin Wall. Dr. Korey's pioneering study explores both the developments in the Helsinki Process that led to this historic transformation and the United States's leadership role, which proved central to its success. The Promises We Keep delves into the fascinating subject of the United States' initial lack of leadership and the way in which its remarkable policy turnaround was quickly effected and consistently followed. The Helsinki Process is by no means at an end. Dr. Korey also examines the xenophobic nationalisms tearing at the fabric of European society, and which pose new and frightening human rights challenges.

Author : Sari Autio-Sarasmo,Katalin Miklóssy
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2010-10-18
Category : History
ISBN : 9781136898358

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Reassessing Cold War Europe by Sari Autio-Sarasmo,Katalin Miklóssy Pdf

Presents a reassessment of Europe in the Cold War period, 1945-91. This book shows that relations between East and West were based not only on confrontation and mutual distrust, but also on collaboration. It reveals that there is in fact considerable interaction and exchange between states, enterprises, associations, organisations and individuals.

Author : Yale Richmond
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2008-02-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780857450135

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Practicing Public Diplomacy by Yale Richmond Pdf

There is much discussion these days about public diplomacy—communicating directly with the people of other countries rather than through their diplomats—but little information about what it actually entails. This book does exactly that by detailing the doings of a US Foreign Service cultural officer in five hot spots of the Cold War - Germany, Laos, Poland, Austria, and the Soviet Union - as well as service in Washington DC with the State Department, the Helsinki Commission of the US Congress, and the National Endowment for Democracy. Part history, part memoir, it takes readers into the trenches of the Cold War and demonstrates what public diplomacy can do. It also provides examples of what could be done today in countries where anti-Americanism runs high.

Author : Oliver Bange,Poul Villaume
Publisher : Central European University Press
Page : 373 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2017-02-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789633862230

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The Long Détente by Oliver Bange,Poul Villaume Pdf

This book presents pieces of evidence, which – taken together – lead to an argument that goes against the grain of the established Cold War narrative. The argument is that a “long détente” existed between East and West from the 1950s to the 1980s, that it existed and lasted for good (economic, national security, societal) reasons, and that it had a profound impact on the outcome of the conflict between East and West and the quintessentially peaceful framework in which this “endgame” was played. New, Euro-centered narratives are offered, including both West and East European perspectives. These contributions point to critical inconsistencies and inherent problems in the traditional U.S. dominated narrative of the “Victory in the Cold War.” The argument of a “long détente” does not need to replace the ruling American narrative. Rather, it can and needs to be augmented with European experiences and perceptions. After all, it was Europe – its peoples, societies, and states – that stood both at the ideological and military frontline of the conflict between East and West, and it was here that the struggle between liberalism and communism was eventually decided.

Author : Stephan Kieninger
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 389 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2016-03-23
Category : History
ISBN : 9781498532426

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Dynamic Détente by Stephan Kieninger Pdf

This book examines the dynamic evolution of Western détente policies which sought to transform Europe and overcome its Cold War division through more communication and engagement. Kieninger challenges the traditional Cold War narrative that détente prolonged the division of Europe and precipitated America’s decline in the aftermath of the Vietnam War. Rather, he argues that policymakers in the U.S. Department of State and in Western Europe envisaged the stability enabled by détente as a precondition for change, as Communist regimes saw a sense of security as a prerequisite for opening up their societies to Western influence over time. Kieninger identifies the Helsinki Accords, Lyndon Johnson’s bridge building, and Willy Brandt’s Ostpolitik as efforts aimed at constructive changes in Eastern Europe through a multiplication of contacts, communication, and cooperation on all societal levels. This study also illuminates the longevity of America’s policy of peaceful change against the background of the nuclear stalemate and the military status quo.

Author : Aurélie Élisa Gfeller
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2012-07-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780857452276

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Building a European Identity by Aurélie Élisa Gfeller Pdf

The Arab-Israeli war of 1973, the first oil price shock, and France’s transition from Gaullist to centrist rule in 1974 coincided with the United States’ attempt to redefine transatlantic relations. As the author argues, this was an important moment in which the French political elite responded with an unprecedented effort to construct an internationally influential and internally cohesive European entity. Based on extensive multi-archival research, this study combines analysis of French policy making with an inquiry into the evolution of political language, highlighting the significance of the new concept of a political European identity.

Author : Laurien Crump,Susanna Erlandsson
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2019-11-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9780429758461

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Margins for Manoeuvre in Cold War Europe by Laurien Crump,Susanna Erlandsson Pdf

The Cold War is conventionally regarded as a superpower conflict that dominated the shape of international relations between World War II and the fall of the Berlin Wall. Smaller powers had to adapt to a role as pawns in a strategic game of the superpowers, its course beyond their control. This edited volume offers a fresh interpretation of twentieth-century smaller European powers – East–West, neutral and non-aligned – and argues that their position vis-à-vis the superpowers often provided them with an opportunity rather than merely representing a constraint. Analysing the margins for manoeuvre of these smaller powers, the volume covers a wide array of themes, ranging from cultural to economic issues, energy to diplomacy and Bulgaria to Belgium. Given its holistic and nuanced intervention in studies of the Cold War, this book will be instrumental for students of history, international relations and political science.

Author : Sarah B. Snyder
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2011-06-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781139498920

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Human Rights Activism and the End of the Cold War by Sarah B. Snyder Pdf

Two of the most pressing questions facing international historians today are how and why the Cold War ended. Human Rights Activism and the End of the Cold War explores how, in the aftermath of the signing of the Helsinki Final Act in 1975, a transnational network of activists committed to human rights in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe made the topic a central element in East-West diplomacy. As a result, human rights eventually became an important element of Cold War diplomacy and a central component of détente. Sarah B. Snyder demonstrates how this network influenced both Western and Eastern governments to pursue policies that fostered the rise of organized dissent in Eastern Europe, freedom of movement for East Germans and improved human rights practices in the Soviet Union - all factors in the end of the Cold War.