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Author : Channing Arndt, Rui Benfica, Nelson Maximiano, Antonio M.D. Nucifora, James T. Thurlow
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2024-07-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Author : International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department,International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.,International Monetary Fund. Policy Development and Review Dept.,International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 21 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2008-09-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781498334136
This report updates the macroeconomic assessment of the impact of global food and fuel price increases provided in the IMF June 2008 Board paper: Food and Fuel Prices—Recent Developments, Macroeconomic Impact, and Policy Response. Food and oil prices peaked in early summer—in particular, oil prices surged to levels envisaged under the most adverse scenario presented in the June paper. Against this background, the effects of higher prices on the balance of payments, budgets, and domestic prices intensified and a large group of low- and middle-income countries is experiencing a substantial weakening of their balance of payments and higher inflation. These findings reinforce the importance of adopting appropriate policies to maintain macroeconomic stability while protecting the poor.
Author : Per Pinstrup-Andersen
Publisher : Wider Studies in Development E
Page : 545 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780198718574
Since 2006, global food prices have fluctuated greatly around an increasing trend and price spikes were observed for key food commodities such as rice, wheat, and maize.
Author : Godsway Cudjoe, Clemens Breisinger, and Xinshen Diao IFPRI Discussion Paper No. 842 2008
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2024-07-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Author : Nicholas Minot,Reno Dewina
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2013-02-25
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
In the wake of the global food crisis of 200708 and additional price spikes since then, greater attention has been given to the welfare impact of food price increases in developing countries. The standard approach in this type of analysis, proposed by Deaton (1989), is based on income and expenditure data from household surveys. Given the widespread use of this method, it is important to revisit the assumptions behind it and examine the sensitivity of results to those assumptions. In this paper, we explore the distributional impact of higher maize, rice, and food prices in Ghana and analyze the robustness of those results to changes in several key assumptions. The results suggest that higher maize and rice prices have a relatively modest short-term impact on national poverty but significant effects on specific groups of households. As expected, urban households lose from higher grain prices, but a surprisingly large share of rural households also lose because they are net buyers. The results also suggest that the current policy of protecting domestic rice producers with an import tax does not contribute to national poverty reduction, in spite of the fact that rice growers tend to be poor. If we relax the assumption that households do not respond to the higher prices, the effects are more positive or less negative, but only modestly so. On the other hand, if we relax the assumption that producer and consumer prices rise by the same proportion, and instead assume a constant marketing margin, the results change substantially. Because producer prices now rise by a larger proportion than consumer prices, the impact of higher prices is much more positive. These findings highlight the need for more research on the effect of price spikes on marketing margins.
Author : John M. Ulimwengu, Sindu Workneh, Zelekawork Paulos
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 24 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
"Previous studies implicitly assume uniform price-effects across regions or provinces within countries. They also do not address the issue of integration between the world food market and local markets. Instead, they assume a complete transmission of changes in world food prices to local food prices. In this paper, we first establish evidence of regional price heterogeneity across Ethiopia. We also applied the Johansen test for market integration over 95 local maize markets and found that none of the Ethiopian regional markets for maize is integrated to the world market. However, there is significant short-term price effects between the world maize market and some Ethiopian regional markets. Using the Almost Ideal Demand System, we estimate loss in household consumption and calorie intake as induced by food price increases. The results suggest a great deal of heterogeneity across regions as well as between rural and urban areas. Studies that fail to account for the characteristics of household demand across locations are more likely to induce misleading policy recommendations."--Authors' abstract.
Author : Prabuddha Sanyal and Suresh Babu
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2024-07-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Author : Bjorn Van Campenhout,Karl Pauw,Nicholas Minot
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2013-08-14
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
In developing countries, all too often policies formulated in response to high food prices are inspired by ideology instead of evidence-based policy research. We look at the immediate effects of these shocks faced by households in Uganda on their poverty and well-being. In addition, we look at the economywide impact in the long run when all markets have settled at a new equilibrium. We find that in the short run, poverty has increased substantially. However, in the longer run, we find welfare levels of rural farm households in particular to rise sharply, primarily as a result of increased returns to farm labor and agricultural land coupled with improved market prices for output sold. These results call for policies that aim to protect the most vulnerable against high food prices and extreme volatility in the short run, without eliminating the incentives of steadily rising commodity prices for longer-run structural agricultural development.
Author : Marco Aurelio Dos Santos Bernardes
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 466 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2011-08-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789533071787
This book aspires to be a comprehensive summary of current biofuels issues and thereby contribute to the understanding of this important topic. Readers will find themes including biofuels development efforts, their implications for the food industry, current and future biofuels crops, the successful Brazilian ethanol program, insights of the first, second, third and fourth biofuel generations, advanced biofuel production techniques, related waste treatment, emissions and environmental impacts, water consumption, produced allergens and toxins. Additionally, the biofuel policy discussion is expected to be continuing in the foreseeable future and the reading of the biofuels features dealt with in this book, are recommended for anyone interested in understanding this diverse and developing theme.
Author : Göran Djurfeldt,Ernest Aryeetey,Aida C. Isinika
Publisher : CABI
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781845937164
This book investigates how the changed agricultural policy climate affected government policies in the nine countries studied already as part of the preceding project: Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia. By repeating the cross-sectional survey made in over 100 villages in 2002 and converting it into a panel, it is possible to trace village- and household-level effects of agricultural policies and other macro-level processes. The book consists of 14 chapters most of which revolve around studies on each of the nine case study countries.
Author : Hovland, Ingeborg
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2011-07-08
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
This paper aims to document IFPRI’s communications activities during the recent food crisis which peaked in mid-2008. IFPRI’s communications activities during the food crisis were somewhat unusual for the Institute. The communications campaign included IFPRI’s usual avenues, and built on IFPRI’s existing place in the global food policy system, but was unusual in its concerted coordination across all divisions of the Institute, the relatively low number of publications and unusually high engagement with the media, as well as a high number of face-to-face presentations and meetings. All in all the campaign, which arose in response to the policy window that opened up in early and mid-2008, was considered particularly effective, and IFPRI earned the position as one of the “thought leaders” during the crisis.
Author : Miguel Robles
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
"This paper studies an economy in which the government is not able to perfectly enforce tax compliance among operating firms, and compares it with a similar economy but with perfect tax enforcement. I develop a competitive general equilibrium model where imperfect tax enforcement may affect aggregate outcomes through two mechanisms. First, it may distort firms' optimal output level as long as the probability of avoiding tax compliance is related to the firm's size. Second, poor tax enforcement may lead to a low provision of the public goods that complement firms' productivity. The results for a calibrated version of the model suggest that in economies with tax enforcement problems, aggregate output might be reduced by 12 percent. I also conclude that sizable aggregate effects can be obtained only when the public goods mechanism is at work."--Authors' abstract.
Author : Stefan Dercon, Daniel O. Gilligan, John Hoddinott, and Tassew Woldehanna IFPRI Discussion Paper No. 840 2008
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 28 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2024-07-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Author : Daniel O. Gilligan, John Hoddinott, and Alemayehu Seyoum Taffesse
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 28 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2024-07-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Author : Headey, Derek D.,Ruel, Marie T.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 41 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2022-11-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
The 21st Century has been marked by increased volatility in food prices, with global price spikes in 2007-08, 2010-11, and again in 2021-22. The impact of food inflation on the risk of child undernutrition is not well understood, however. This study explores the potential impacts of food inflation on wasting and stunting among 1.27 million pre-school children from 44 developing countries. On average, a 5 percent increase in the real price of food increases the risk of wasting by 9 percent and severe wasting by 14 percent. These risks apply to young infants, suggesting a prenatal pathway, as well as to older children who typically experience a deterioration in diet quality in the wake of food inflation. Male children and children from poor and rural landless households are more severely impacted. Food inflation during pregnancy and the first year after birth also increases the risk of stunting for children 2-5 years of age. This evidence provides a strong rationale for interventions to prevent food inflation and mitigate its impacts on vulnerable children and their mothers.