Highlights Of Nitrogen Fixation Research

Author : Esperanza Martínez,Georgina Hernández
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461547952

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Highlights of Nitrogen Fixation Research by Esperanza Martínez,Georgina Hernández Pdf

For 31 years, the North American Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Conference (for merly Rhizobium Conference) has been a forum for scientists and graduate students to discuss their research advances, extending from basic aspects to agricultural appli cations, and dealing with topics ranging from bacterial genetics and metabolism to plant genetics and physiology. Nitrogen fixation, being a major life-supporting process on this planet, has attracted the interest of researchers for more than one century. Nitrogen fixation is responsible for the conversion of "inert" dinitrogen (N ) gas from the atmos z phere into usable ammonia, replacing the fixed nitrogen constantly being lost to the atmosphere by the denitrification process. Worldwide agricultural productivity is deter mined by the availability of fixed nitrogen in all its forms, which the continually increas ing human population depends upon for survival. An international momentum is developing in the use of biofertilizers to improve legume and non-legume crop yields and in the study of genomics in this area. New studies are being undertaken in several laboratories to study novel nitrogen-fixing systems, including non-legume crops. The North American Conferences on Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation have periodically chronicled the advances in our knowledge of this area. For the first time, this conference was held in Mexico. Thus, all three North Amer ican countries have been hosts for this event. This year conference brought nearly 200 scientists from 18 different countries presenting lectures and over 80 posters.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : National Academies
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Biogeochemical cycles
ISBN : NAP:13440

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Biological Nitrogen Fixation by Anonim Pdf

Author : H.J. Evans,P.J. Bottomley,William E. Newton
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 696 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400951754

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Nitrogen fixation research progress by H.J. Evans,P.J. Bottomley,William E. Newton Pdf

This Symposium, held August 4-10, 1985 on the campus of Oregon State University in Corvallis, is the sixth of a series of international symposia concerned with broad aspects of the fixation of nitrogen gas by biological and chemical means. The first symposium of this series was held in Pullman, Washington (1974), the second in Salamanca, Spain (1976), the third in Madison, Wisconsin (1978), the fourth in Canberra, Australia (1980) and the fifth in Noordwij~erhout, The Netherlands (1983). Prior to the organization of these symposia, small groups of usually no more than 10 or 12 of the now "old guard" in the field met in some obscure places, including Butternut Lake, Wisconsin, Sanabel Island, Florida and Camp Sage hen in California, to discuss developments in the field. Concern about an energy crisis in the nineteen seventies served as an impetus for the organization of workshops and preparatiol. of publications urging government agencies to provide funds for the support of several neglected areas in the field, including the genetics of nitrogen-fixing organisms and the biology of Frankia. In looking back, it becomes apparent that there have been drastic changes in the extent of research support in the field and in the contents of the programs of the continuing series of symposia.

Author : Guo-Fan Hong
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 608 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783662103852

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The Nitrogen Fixation and its Research in China by Guo-Fan Hong Pdf

Nitrogen Fixation by symbiotic organisms is considered an important contribution to the solution of food problems throughout the world. For manyyears, Chinese scientists have focused their research in this area. Today more than half of the total nitrogen fertilizers applied are from biological fixation sources. The editor is an international renowned scientist at the Chinese Academy of sciences. He has brought together contributions from various research fields in China and Europe.Together they present the state-of-the-art in nitrogen-fixation research. The studies range from actino- mycete fixation induced in various genera andspecies of plants, mechanisms and chemical modeling of enzyme systems togenetical engineering of organisms.

Author : Igor A. Tikhonovich,Nikolai A. Provorov,Vassily I. Romanov,William E. Newton
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 812 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401103794

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Nitrogen Fixation: Fundamentals and Applications by Igor A. Tikhonovich,Nikolai A. Provorov,Vassily I. Romanov,William E. Newton Pdf

Nitrogen fixation research is presented as a rapidly developing, synergistic area of modern science, using the methods of, and accumulating data from, many fundamental branches of biology and chemistry. These include catalytic mechanisms, protein structure and function, molecular organization of genes and the regulation of their activities, biochemistry of plants and microorganisms, the signalling and surface interactions between organisms, microbial taxonomy and evolution, formal and population genetics, and ecology. The relationships between biological nitrogen fixation research and different branches of applied biology are addressed and analyzed, such as: the monitoring of genetically engineered microorganisms, selection of plant-associated microbes, plant breeding, increasing the protein content of crops, providing ecologically safe food production, and diminishing the chemical pollution of the environment. Immediate impacts and long-term prospects for nitrogen fixation research are presented: both fundamentals and applications.

Author : J. Postgate
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 339 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781468418187

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The Chemistry and Biochemistry of Nitrogen Fixation by J. Postgate Pdf

Understanding of biological nitrogen fixation has advanced with impressive rapidity during the last decade. As befits a developing area of Science, these advances have uncovered information and raised questions which will have, and indeed have had, repercussions in numerous other branches of science and its applications. This 'information explosion', to use one of to-day's cant idioms, was initiated by the discovery, by a group of scientists working in the Central Research laboratories of Dupont de Nemours, U. S. A. , of a reproducibly active, cell-free enzyme preparation from a nitrogen fixing bacterium. Full credit is due to them. But subsequent developments, albeit sometimes quite as impressive, have too often been marked by that familiar disorder of a developing field of research-the scramble to publish. It is a scramble which, at its best, may represent a laudable desire to inform colleagues of the latest developments; yet which too easily develops into an undignified rush for priority, wherewith to impress one's Board of Directors or Grant-giving Institution. This, in miniature, is the tragedy of scientific research to-day: desire for credit causes research to be published in little bulletins, notes and preliminary communications, so that only those intimately involved in the field really know what is happening (and even they may well not see the forest for the trees). Those outside the field, or working in peripheral areas, may glean something of what is going on from reviews and fragments presented at meetings, but the broad pattern of development is often elusive.

Author : Frans J. de Bruijn
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 2250 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2015-06-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118637098

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Biological Nitrogen Fixation by Frans J. de Bruijn Pdf

Nitrogen is arguably the most important nutrient required by plants. However, the availability of nitrogen is limited in many soils and although the earth's atmosphere consists of 78.1% nitrogen gas (N2) plants are unable to use this form of nitrogen. To compensate , modern agriculture has been highly reliant on industrial nitrogen fertilizers to achieve maximum crop productivity. However, a great deal of fossil fuel is required for the production and delivery of nitrogen fertilizer. Moreover carbon dioxide (CO2) which is released during fossil fuel combustion contributes to the greenhouse effect and run off of nitrate leads to eutrophication of the waterways. Biological nitrogen fixation is an alternative to nitrogen fertilizer. It is carried out by prokaryotes using an enzyme complex called nitrogenase and results in atmospheric N2 being reduced into a form of nitrogen diazotrophic organisms and plants are able to use (ammonia). It is this process and its major players which will be discussed in this book. Biological Nitrogen Fixation is a comprehensive two volume work bringing together both review and original research articles on key topics in nitrogen fixation. Chapters across both volumes emphasize molecular techniques and advanced biochemical analysis approaches applicable to various aspects of biological nitrogen fixation. Volume 1 explores the chemistry and biochemistry of nitrogenases, nif gene regulation, the taxonomy, evolution, and genomics of nitrogen fixing organisms, as well as their physiology and metabolism. Volume 2 covers the symbiotic interaction of nitrogen fixing organisms with their host plants, including nodulation and symbiotic nitrogen fixation, plant and microbial "omics", cyanobacteria, diazotrophs and non-legumes, field studies and inoculum preparation, as well as nitrogen fixation and cereals. Covering the full breadth of current nitrogen fixation research and expanding it towards future advances in the field, Biological Nitrogen Fixation will be a one-stop reference for microbial ecologists and environmental microbiologists as well as plant and agricultural researchers working on crop sustainability.

Author : C. Veeger,William E. Newton
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 738 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789400969230

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Advances in Nitrogen Fixation Research by C. Veeger,William E. Newton Pdf

As for the preceding four International Symposia on Nitrogen Fixation, held in Pullman, Washington USA (1974); Salamanca, Spain (1976); Madison, Wisconsin, USA (1978); and Canberra, Australia (1980), the 5th Symposium held from August 28 - September 3, 1983 in Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands, received the gene rous support of the Charles F. Kettering Foundation Research Laboratory and the Tennessee Valley Authority. This support has helped research progress in this broad field of science by offering a forum both for the exchange of ideas and for scientific summary and discussion as captured over the last 10 years in each of the four books published previously. Although all previous meetings were well attended, the present conference was the largest so far. 550 scien tists from 60 different countries attended the "Leeuwenhorst Conference", re presenting the many different disciplines actively involved in research in this field: chemists, biochemists, molecular biologists, geneticists, microbiologists, plant physiologists, agriculturalists. A large number of them had to go through a difficult period to raise the necessary funds to attend. In addition, a parallel meeting of "policymakers" from Southeast Asia, Africa and South America was held under the auspices of Crosscurrents International Institute, Dayton, OR, USA and the United Nations University, Tokyo, Japan. These participants attended some of the scientific sessions to benefit from the vision of a number of scientists at the symposium.

Author : William Shurtleff; Akiko Aoyagi
Publisher : Soyinfo Center
Page : 1129 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2018-11-26
Category : Nitrogen
ISBN : 9781948436007

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History of Research on Nitrogen Fixation in Soybeans (1887-2018) by William Shurtleff; Akiko Aoyagi Pdf

This is the world's most comprehensive, well documented, and well illustrated book on this subject. With extensive subject and geographical index. 91 photographs and illustrations - mostly color, Free of charge.

Author : Yi-Ping Wang
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 478 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2005-08-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 1402035691

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Biological Nitrogen Fixation, Sustainable Agriculture and the Environment by Yi-Ping Wang Pdf

This volume covers all aspects of fundamental and applied nitrogen-fixation research, extending from biochemistry and chemistry through genetics, regulation and physiology to agricultural practice and environmental impact. It describes recent progress on studies of potential catalysts for nitrogen fixation; how the N2-fixing process is regulated in living cells; the use and impact of genetics and genomics on our understanding of the biological process; the wide variety of associations of nitrogen-fixing microbes with plants, including the formalized Rhizobium-legume and actinorrhizal associations as well as the less formalized associative and endophytic interactions; and the impact of nitrogen fixation in agriculture and forestry, including its effect on the environment. This volume provides an up-to-date referenced source, which can be readily accessed by all practicing and otherwise interested proponents of nitrogen fixation research, including those with related interests in the areas of plant and microbial science, genomics, plant-microbe interactions, genetics and regulation, plant growth and biocontrol, agriculture, forestry, ecology, taxonomy and evolution.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2020-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780081027998

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Regulation of Nitrogen-Fixing Symbioses in Legumes by Anonim Pdf

The Nitrogen-Fixing Legume-Rhizobium Symbiosis, Volume 94, the latest release in the Advances in Botanical Research series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on The diversity of legume-rhizobium symbioses, Parasponia; an evolutionary outlier of rhizobium symbiosis, Rhizobium diversity in the light of evolution, Genomes of rhizobia, Gene regulation by extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors in alpha-rhizobia, Early symbiotic signaling between Plant and Bacteria, Rhizobia infection, a journey to the inside of plant cells, Differentiation of symbiotic nodule cells and their rhizobium endosymbionts, Nodule Organogenesis, Nitrogen Fixation by the Legume-Rhizobium Symbiosis, and much more. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Advances in Botanical Research series Updated release includes the latest information on the Nitrogen-Fixing Legume-Rhizobium Symbiosis

Author : Nanjappa Shamanna Subba Rao
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Science
ISBN : 2881241891

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Biological Nitrogen Fixation by Nanjappa Shamanna Subba Rao Pdf

Author : G.H. Elkan,R.G. Upchurch
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401157001

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Current Issues in Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation by G.H. Elkan,R.G. Upchurch Pdf

In the 100 years since the legume-Rhizobium symbiotic nitrogen fixation interaction was first described, interest in this field has grown rapidly. The types of studies have been cyclical in nature, involving a cross-section of disciplines. The availability of cheap nitrogenous fertilizers caused much of the biological nitrogen fixation research to become more theoretical in the developed world. The high cost of energy, coupled with environmental concerns and the interest in sustainable agriculture, has stimulated research in symbiotic nitrogen fixation. The development of modern genetic techniques has resulted in interdisciplinary research on plant-microbe interactions controlling nitrogen fixation. This has resulted in a better understanding of environmental factors influencing the nodulation process, chemical signalling between the symbiotic partners and the nature of the specificity between host plant and microsymbiotant. This volume summarizes the diverse research efforts in biological nitrogen fixation by presenting a collection of papers in the areas of physiology and metabolism, taxonomy and evolution, genetics and ecology.

Author : Peter M. Gresshoff
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2018-01-18
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781351083195

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Molecular Biology Of Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation by Peter M. Gresshoff Pdf

The core of the text is aimed at the research worker in the field of nitrogen fixation, but, despite its specialisation, does not lose the emphasis on teaching, both as a direct reference book and as a backbone for a graduate course on the subject.The closing part of the book includes a subject index and a glossary of terms. The latter was included not for the expert, for whom many of the definitions will be too general, but for the newcomer; the author hopes that the quick survey of key terms will help in the reading of this book.

Author : P. Graham,Michael J. Sadowsky,Carroll P. Vance
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401110884

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Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation by P. Graham,Michael J. Sadowsky,Carroll P. Vance Pdf

During the past three decades there has been a large amount of research on biological nitrogen fixation, in part stimulated by increasing world prices of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and environmental concerns. In the last several years, research on plant--microbe interactions, and symbiotic and asymbiotic nitrogen fixation has become truly interdisciplinary in nature, stimulated to some degree by the use of modern genetic techniques. These methodologies have allowed us to make detailed analyses of plant and bacterial genes involved in symbiotic processes and to follow the growth and persistence of the root-nodule bacteria and free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria in soils. Through the efforts of a large number of researchers we now have a better understanding of the ecology of rhizobia, environmental parameters affecting the infection and nodulation process, the nature of specificity, the biochemistry of host plants and microsymbionts, and chemical signalling between symbiotic partners. This volume gives a summary of current research efforts and knowledge in the field of biological nitrogen fixation. Since the research field is diverse in nature, this book presents a collection of papers in the major research area of physiology and metabolism, genetics, evolution, taxonomy, ecology, and international programs.