Historicizing Roma In Central Europe

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Historicizing Roma in Central Europe

Victoria Shmidt,Bernadette Nadya Jaworsky
Historicizing Roma in Central Europe Book PDF

Author : Victoria Shmidt,Bernadette Nadya Jaworsky
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2020-09-13
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000176889

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Historicizing Roma in Central Europe by Victoria Shmidt,Bernadette Nadya Jaworsky Pdf

In Central Europe, limited success in revisiting the role of science in the segregation of Roma reverberates with the yet-unmet call for contextualizing the impact of ideas on everyday racism. This book attempts to interpret such a gap as a case of epistemic injustice. It underscores the historical role of ideas in race-making and provides analytical lenses for exploring cross-border transfers of whiteness in Central Europe. In the case of Roma, the scientific argument in favor of segregation continues to play an outstanding role due to a long-term focus on the limited educability of Roma. The authors trace the long-term interrelation between racializing Roma and the adaptation by Central European scholars of theories legitimizing segregation against those considered non-white, conceived as unable to become educated or "civilized." Along with legitimizing segregation, sterilization and even extermination, theorizing ineducability has laid the groundwork for negating the capacity of Roma as subjects of knowledge. Such negation has hindered practices of identity and quite literally prevented Roma in Central Europe from becoming who they are. This systematic epistemic injustice still echoes in contemporary attempts to historicize Roma in Central Europe. The authors critically investigate contemporary approaches to historicize Roma as reproducing whiteness and inevitably leading to various forms of epistemic injustice. The methodological approach herein conceptualizes critical whiteness as a practice of epistemic justice targeted at providing a sustainable platform for reflecting upon the impact of the past on the contemporary situation of Roma.

Tradition, Literature and Politics in East-Central Europe

Carl Tighe
Tradition Literature and Politics in East Central Europe Book PDF

Author : Carl Tighe
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 253 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2020-12-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000332032

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Tradition, Literature and Politics in East-Central Europe by Carl Tighe Pdf

Milan Kundera warned that in in the states of East-Central Europe, attitudes to the west and the idea of ‘Europe’ were complex and could even be hostile. But few could have imagined how the collapse of communism and membership of the EU would confront these countries with a life that was suddenly and disconcertingly ‘modern’ and which challenged sustaining traditions in literature, culture, politics and established views on identity. Since the countries of East-Central Europe joined the European Union in 2004 the politicians and oppositionists of the centre-left, who once led the charge against communism, have often been forced to give way to right-wing, authoritarian, populist governments. These governments, while keen to accept EU finance, have been determined to present themselves as protecting their traditional ethno-national inheritance, resisting ‘foreign interference’, stemming the ‘gay invasion’, halting ‘Islamic replacement’ and reversing women’s rights. They have blamed Communists, liberals, foreigners, Jews and Gypsies, revised abortion laws, tampered with their constitutions to control the Justice system and taken over the media to an astonishing degree. By 2019, amid calls for the suspension of their voting rights, both Poland and Hungary had been taken to the European Court of Justice and the European Parliament and had begun to explore ways to put conditions on future EU funding. This book focuses on the interface between tradition, literature and politics in east-central Europe, focusing mainly on Poland but also Hungary and the Czech Republic. It explores literary tradition and the role of writers to ask why these left-liberals, who were once ubiquitous in the struggles with communism, are now marginalised, often reviled and almost entirely absent from political debate. It asks, in what ways the advent of capitalism ‘normalised’ literature and what the consequences might be? It asks whether the rise of chauvinism is ‘normal’ in this part of the world and whether the literary traditions that helped sustain independent political thought through the communist years now, instead of supporting literature, feed nationalist opinion and negative attitudes to the idea of ‘Europe’.

The Legacies of the Romani Genocide in Europe since 1945

Celia Donert,Eve Rosenhaft
The Legacies of the Romani Genocide in Europe since 1945 Book PDF

Author : Celia Donert,Eve Rosenhaft
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2021-12-27
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000511031

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The Legacies of the Romani Genocide in Europe since 1945 by Celia Donert,Eve Rosenhaft Pdf

This book explores the legacies of the genocide of Roma in Europe after the end of the Second World War. Hundreds of thousands of people labelled as ‘Gypsies’ were persecuted or killed in Nazi Germany and across occupied Europe between 1933 and 1945. In many places, discrimination continued after the war was over. The chapters in this volume ask how these experiences shaped the lives of Romani survivors and their families in eastern and western Europe since 1945. This book will appeal to researchers and students in Modern European History, Romani Studies, and the history of genocide and the Holocaust.

Power on the Move

Cristina-Ioana Dragomir
Power on the Move Book PDF

Author : Cristina-Ioana Dragomir
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2022-06-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781350229891

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Power on the Move by Cristina-Ioana Dragomir Pdf

Based on intensive ethnographic work in Romania and India conducted over six years, this book traces the struggle for social justice in Roma and Adivasi communities. Throughout centuries of persecution and marginalization, the Roma and Adivasi have been viewed as both victims and fighters, as royals and paupers, beasts and gods, and lately have been challenging the political and social order by defying the status quo. Different from commonly held suppositions that assume most marginalized and mobile communities typically resist the state and engage in hostile acts to undermine its authority, Power on the Move shows how these groups are willing to become full members. By utilizing different means, such as protests, sit-ins and grass roots organizing, they aim to gain the attention of the state (national and international), hoping to reach inclusion and access social justice.

A Critical History of Health Films in Central and Eastern Europe and Beyond

Victoria Shmidt,Karl Kaser
A Critical History of Health Films in Central and Eastern Europe and Beyond Book PDF

Author : Victoria Shmidt,Karl Kaser
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 213 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2023-12-21
Category : History
ISBN : 9781003848486

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A Critical History of Health Films in Central and Eastern Europe and Beyond by Victoria Shmidt,Karl Kaser Pdf

The burgeoning scholarship on Western health films stands in stark contrast to the vacuum in the historical conceptualization of Eastern European films. This book develops a nonlinear historical model that revises their unique role in the inception of national cinematography and establishing supranational health security. Readers witness the revelation of an unknown history concerning how the health films produced in Eastern European countries not only adopted Western patterns of propaganda but actively participated in its formation, especially with regard to those considered “others”: Women and the populations of the periphery. The authors elaborate on the long “echo” of the discursive practices introduced by health films within public health propaganda, as well as the attempts to negate and deconstruct such practices by rebellious filmmakers. A wide range of methods, including the analysis of the sociological biographies of filmmakers, the historical reconstruction of public campaigns against diseases and an investigation into the production of health films, contextualizes these films along a multifaceted continuum stretching between the adaptation of global patterns and the cultivation of national authenticities. The book is aimed at those who study the history of film, the history of public health, Central and Eastern European countries and global history.

White But Not Quite

Kalmar, Ivan
White But Not Quite Book PDF

Author : Kalmar, Ivan
Publisher : Policy Press
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2022-04-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781529213621

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White But Not Quite by Kalmar, Ivan Pdf

Since the ‘migration crisis’ of 2016, long-simmering tensions between the Western members of the European Union and its ‘new’ Eastern members – Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary – have proven to be fertile ground for rebellion against liberal values and policies. In this startling and original book Ivan Kalmar argues that Central European illiberalism is a misguided response to the devastating effects of global neoliberalism, which arose from the area’s brutal transition to capitalism in the 1990s. Kalmar argues that dismissive attitudes towards ‘Eastern Europeans’ are a form of racism and explores the close relation between racism towards Central Europeans and racism by Central Europeans: a people white but not quite.

(Un)Following in Winnetou’s Footsteps

Sanja Runtić,Jana Marešová,Klára Kolinská
Un Following in Winnetou s Footsteps Book PDF

Author : Sanja Runtić,Jana Marešová,Klára Kolinská
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2024-01-03
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9789819974214

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(Un)Following in Winnetou’s Footsteps by Sanja Runtić,Jana Marešová,Klára Kolinská Pdf

This book examines the ways in which North American Indigenous identity has been (re)imagined, represented, and negotiated in German, Croatian, Italian, Polish, and Czech culture. Employing a cross-disciplinary and comparative approach and drawing on a range of media—from literature, comics, and film to photography, painting, and the performative arts—across different historical and cultural backgrounds, it aims to both contribute innovative scholarship on Indigenous studies in Europe and open a new avenue in the field by focusing on Central European settings that have received little or no critical attention to date. The book’s novelty also comes from its focus on the latest developments in the field, including the “Ravensburger/Winnetou controversy,” which swept across Europe in 2022, echoing the 2017 Canadian debate over Indigenous appropriation and free speech. It seeks to provide a sound reference and lay the groundwork for future scholarship by opening up a conversation on how Indigenous identities have been portrayed in Central European literature and media texts. To this end, it not only addresses generalized expectations about North American Indigenous people underlying (Central) European public discourse and imagination but also questions whether and to what extent some of the ingrained stereotypical views and practices, such as hobbyism, have been challenged in the face of Indigenous resurgence, rapidly changing media and information-sharing realities, and global cultural shifts. The closing interview with Métis playwright, actor, and director Bruce Sinclair underscores one of the book’s key goals—to spark an informed cross-cultural dialogue that will reveal the mechanisms of, as well as the contradictions and tensions inherent in, the politics of Indigenous representation in (Central) European cultural industries and encourage (Central) Europeans to confront their own cultural assumptions and attitudes.

The Macedonian Question and the Macedonians

Alexis Heraclides
The Macedonian Question and the Macedonians Book PDF

Author : Alexis Heraclides
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2020-12-31
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000289442

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The Macedonian Question and the Macedonians by Alexis Heraclides Pdf

This book is a comprehensive and dispassionate analysis of the intriguing Macedonian Question from 1878 until 1949 and of the Macedonians (and of their neighbours) from the 1890s until today, with the two themes intertwining. The Macedonian Question was an offshoot of the wider Eastern Question – i.e., the fate of the European remnants of the Ottoman Empire once it dissolved. The initial protagonists of the Macedonian Question were Greece, Bulgaria and Serbia, and a Slav-speaking population inhabiting geographical Macedonia in search of its destiny, the largest segment of which ended up creating a new nation, comprising the Macedonians, something unacceptable to its three neighbours. Alexis Heraclides analyses the shifting sands of the Macedonian Question and of the gradual rise of Macedonian nationhood, with special emphasis on the Greek, Bulgarian and Serbian claims to Macedonia (1870s–1919); the birth and vicissitudes of the most famous Macedonian revolutionary organization, the VM(O)RO, and of other organizations (1893–1940); the appearance and gradual establishment of the Macedonian nation from the 1890s until 1945; Titos’s crucial role in Macedonian nationhood-cum-federal status; the Greek-Macedonian name dispute (1991–2018), including the ‘skeletons in the cupboard’ – the deep-seated reasons rendering the clash intractable for decades; the final Greek-Macedonian settlement (the 2018 Prespa Agreement); the Bulgarian-Macedonian dispute (1950–today) and its ephemeral settlement in 2017; the issue of the Macedonian language; and the Macedonian national historical narrative. The author also addresses questions around who the ancient Macedonians were and the fascination with Alexander the Great. This monograph will be an essential resource for scholars working on Macedonian history, Balkan politics and conflict resolution.

Creating Europe from the Margins

Kristín Loftsdóttir,Brigitte Hipfl,Sandra Ponzanesi
Creating Europe from the Margins Book PDF

Author : Kristín Loftsdóttir,Brigitte Hipfl,Sandra Ponzanesi
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2023-08-10
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781000955200

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Creating Europe from the Margins by Kristín Loftsdóttir,Brigitte Hipfl,Sandra Ponzanesi Pdf

This edited volume explores the idea of Europe through a focus on its margins. The chapters in the volume inquire critically into the relations and tensions inherent in divisions between the Global North and the Global South as well as internal regional differentiation within Europe itself. In doing so, the volume stresses the need to consider Europe from critical interdisciplinary perspectives, highlighting historical and contemporary issues of racism and colonialism. While recent discussions of migration into ‘Fortress Europe’ seem to assume that Europe has clearly demarcated geographic, political and cultural boundaries, this book argues that the reality is more complex. The book explores margins conceptually and positions margins and centres as open to negotiation and contestation and characterized by ambiguity. As such, margins can be contextualized in relation to hierarchies within Europe, with different processes involved in creating boundaries and borders between different kinds of Europes and Europeans. Deploying case studies from different places, such as Iceland, Italy, Poland, Spain, Turkey, the UK, Romania, Cyprus, Greece, Sicily, European colonies in the Caribbean and the former Yugoslavia, the contributors analyse how different geopolitical hierarchies intersect with racialized subject positions of diverse people living in Europe, while also exploring issues of gender, class, sexuality, religion and nationality. Some chapters draw attention to the fortification of Europe’s ‘borderland,’ while others focus on internal hierarchies within Europe, critiquing the meaning of spatial boundaries in an increasingly digitalized Europe. In doing so, the chapters interrogate the hierarchies at play in the processes of being and becoming ‘European’ and the ongoing impacts of race and colonialism. This timely and thought-provoking collection will be of considerable significance to those in the humanities and social sciences with an interest in Europe. Chapter 11 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license.

A Critical Cultural Sociological Exploration of Attitudes toward Migration in Czechia

Bernadette Nadya Jaworsky,Radka Klvanová,Alica Synek Rétiová,Ivana Rapoš Božic,Jan Kotýnek Krotký
A Critical Cultural Sociological Exploration of Attitudes toward Migration in Czechia Book PDF

Author : Bernadette Nadya Jaworsky,Radka Klvanová,Alica Synek Rétiová,Ivana Rapoš Božic,Jan Kotýnek Krotký
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2023-07-10
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781666927429

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A Critical Cultural Sociological Exploration of Attitudes toward Migration in Czechia by Bernadette Nadya Jaworsky,Radka Klvanová,Alica Synek Rétiová,Ivana Rapoš Božic,Jan Kotýnek Krotký Pdf

A Critical Cultural Sociological Exploration of Attitudes toward Migration in Czechia: What Lies Beneath the Fear of the Thirteenth Migrant qualitatively deciphers what lies beneath the fears about the imaginary “thirteenth migrant” and explores how individuals make sense of migration in nontraditional destination countries, utilizing critical, cultural sociological methods to explore the deep meaning-making processes that inform migration attitudes.

Politics and the Slavic Languages

Tomasz Kamusella
Politics and the Slavic Languages Book PDF

Author : Tomasz Kamusella
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2021-06-17
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000395990

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Politics and the Slavic Languages by Tomasz Kamusella Pdf

During the last two centuries, ethnolinguistic nationalism has been the norm of nation building and state building in Central Europe. The number of recognized Slavic languages (in line with the normative political formula of language = nation = state) gradually tallied with the number of the Slavic nation-states, especially after the breakups of Czechoslovakia, the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia. But in the current age of borderless cyberspace, regional and minority Slavic languages are freely standardized and used, even when state authorities disapprove. As a result, since the turn of the 19th century, the number of Slavic languages has varied widely, from a single Slavic language to as many as 40. Through the story of Slavic languages, this timely book illustrates that decisions on what counts as a language are neither permanent nor stable, arguing that the politics of language is the politics in Central Europe. The monograph will prove to be an essential resource for scholars of linguistics and politics in Central Europe.

Communist Propaganda at School

Joanna Wojdon
Communist Propaganda at School Book PDF

Author : Joanna Wojdon
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 150 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2021-05-10
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000381320

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Communist Propaganda at School by Joanna Wojdon Pdf

Communist Propaganda at School is based on an analysis of reading primers from the Soviet bloc and recreates the world as presented to the youngest schoolchildren who started their education between 1949 and 1989 across the nine Eastern European countries. The author argues that those first textbooks, from their first to last pages, were heavily laden with communist propaganda, and that they share similar concepts, techniques and even contents, even if some national specificities can be observed. This volume reconstructs the image of the world presented to schoolchildren in the first books they were required to read in their school life, and argues that the image was charged with communist propaganda. The book is based on the analysis of over sixty reading primers from nine countries of the Soviet bloc: Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, the German Democratic Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia from the period. Written with simplicity and straightforwardness, this book will be a valuable resource, not only to international academics dealing with the issues of propaganda, censorship, education, childhood and everyday life under communism in Eastern and Central Europe, but can also academics dealing with education under communism or with the content of primary education. It also brings educational experiences of the Soviet bloc to international researchers, in particular to researchers of education under totalitarian and authoritarian regimes.

Milan Rastislav Štefánik

Michal Kšiňan
Milan Rastislav tef nik Book PDF

Author : Michal Kšiňan
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2021-04-26
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000381306

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Milan Rastislav Štefánik by Michal Kšiňan Pdf

This is the first scientific biography of Milan Rastislav Štefánik (1880–1919) that is focused on analysing the process of how he became the Slovak national hero. Although he is relatively unknown internationally, his contemporaries compared him “to Choderlos de Laclos for the use of military tactics in love affairs, to Lawrence of Arabia for vision, to Bonaparte for ambition ... and to one of apostles for conviction”. He played the key role in founding an independent Czechoslovakia in 1918 through his relentless worldwide travels during the First World War in order to create the Czechoslovak Army: he visited Serbia and Romania on the eve of invasion by the Central Powers, Russia before the February revolution, the United States after it declared war on Germany, Italy dealing with the consequences of defeat in the Caporetto battle, and again when Russia plunged into Civil War. Several historical methods are used to analyse the aforementioned central research question of this biography such as social capital to explain his rise in French society, the charismatic leader to understand how he convinced and won over a relatively large number of people; more traditional political, military, and diplomatic history to show his contribution to the founding of Czechoslovakia, and memory studies to analyse his extraordinary popularity in Slovakia. By mapping his intriguing life, the book will be of interest to scholars in a broad range of areas including history of Central Europe, especially Czechoslovakia, international relations, social history, French society at the beginning of the 20th century and biographical research.

Staged Otherness

Dagnosław Demski,Dominika Czarnecka
Staged Otherness Book PDF

Author : Dagnosław Demski,Dominika Czarnecka
Publisher : Central European University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2021-12-22
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789633864401

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Staged Otherness by Dagnosław Demski,Dominika Czarnecka Pdf

The cultural phenomenon of exhibiting non-European people in front of the European audiences in the 19th and 20th century was concentrated in the metropolises in the western part of the continent. Nevertheless, traveling ethnic troupes and temporary exhibitions of non-European humans took place also in territories located to the east of the Oder river and Austria. The contributors to this edited volume present practices of ethnographic shows in Russia, Poland, Czechia, Slovenia, Hungary, Germany, Romania, and Austria and discuss the reactions of local audiences. The essays offer critical arguments to rethink narratives of cultural encounters in the context of ethnic shows. By demonstrating the many ways in which the western models and customs were reshaped, developed, and contested in Central and Eastern European contexts, the authors argue that the dominant way of characterizing these performances as “human zoos” is too narrow. The contributors had to tackle the difficult task of finding traces other than faint copies of official press releases by the tour organizers. The original source material was drawn from local archives, museums, and newspapers of the discussed period. A unique feature of the volume is the rich amount of images that complement every single case study of ethnic shows.

The Roma and Their Struggle for Identity in Contemporary Europe

Huub van Baar,Angéla Kóczé
The Roma and Their Struggle for Identity in Contemporary Europe Book PDF

Author : Huub van Baar,Angéla Kóczé
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 366 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2020-02-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781789206425

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The Roma and Their Struggle for Identity in Contemporary Europe by Huub van Baar,Angéla Kóczé Pdf

Thirty years after the collapse of Communism, and at a time of radically diverse kinds of identity politics, including anti-migrant, anti-Roma, anti-Muslim and anti-establishment movements, this book analyses how Roma identity is expressed in contemporary Europe. From backgrounds ranging from political theory, postcolonial, cultural and gender studies to art history, feminist critique and anthropology, the contributors reflect on the extent to which a politics of identity regarding historically disadvantaged, racialized minorities such as the Roma can still be legitimately articulated. In part, the contributors argue, the answer lies in a movement beyond classic identity politics and any opposition between essentialism and constructivism.