How Chiefs Come To Power

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How Chiefs Come to Power

Timothy K. Earle
How Chiefs Come to Power Book PDF

Author : Timothy K. Earle
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0804728569

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How Chiefs Come to Power by Timothy K. Earle Pdf

This book is basically about power-how people came to acquire it and the implications that contrasting paths to power had for the development of societies. Earle argues that chiefdoms, being a regional polity with governance over a population of a few thousand to tens of thousands of people, and with some social stratification, possessed the same fundamental dynamics as those of states, and that the origin of states is to be understood in the emergence and development of chiefdoms. His arguments are developed by three case studies-Denmark during the Neolithic and early Bronze Age (2300-1300) BC, the high Andes of Peru from the early chiefdoms through the Inka conquest (AD 500-1534), and Hawai'i from early settlement to its incorporation in the world economy (AD 800-1824). After summarizing the cultural history of the three societies over a thousand years, he considers the sources of chiefly power-the economy, military power and ideology-and how these sources were linked together.

A Primer on Chiefs and Chiefdoms

Timothy Earle
A Primer on Chiefs and Chiefdoms Book PDF

Author : Timothy Earle
Publisher : Eliot Werner Publications
Page : 185 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2021-12-31
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781734281859

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A Primer on Chiefs and Chiefdoms by Timothy Earle Pdf

Chiefs are political operatives who hold titles of leadership over groups larger than intimate kin-based communities. Although they rule with the consent of their group, they are all about building personal power and respect. Many scholars have viewed chiefs as problem solvers--defending groups against aggressors, resolving disputes, providing support under hardship, organizing labor for community projects, and redistributing goods among those in need. Chiefs do these things, but much of what chiefs do is accumulate benefits for themselves, staying in power and legitimizing control. Anthropological archaeology is well suited to pursue the study of chiefs, their leadership institutions (chiefdoms), and long-term historical processes. The author argues that studying chiefdoms is essential to understanding the role of elemental powers in social evolution. As an illustration, he studies chiefs and their power strategies in historically independent prehistoric and traditional societies and discusses how they continue to exist as powerful actors within modern states.

Chiefdoms

Robert L. Carneiro,Leonid E. Grinin,Andrey V Korotayev
Chiefdoms Book PDF

Author : Robert L. Carneiro,Leonid E. Grinin,Andrey V Korotayev
Publisher : Eliot Werner Publications
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2017-12-31
Category : History
ISBN : 9781733376952

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Chiefdoms by Robert L. Carneiro,Leonid E. Grinin,Andrey V Korotayev Pdf

What many anthropologists regard as the major step in political development occurred when, for the first time in history, previously autonomous villages gave up their individual sovereignties and were brought together into a multi-village political unit--the chiefdom. Though long neglected as a major stage in history, recent years have seen the chiefdom come in for increased attention. As its importance has been more fully recognized, it has become the object of serious scholarly analysis and interpretation. In this volume specialists in political evolution draw on data from ethnography, archaeology, and history and apply fresh insights to enhance the study of the chiefdom. The papers present penetrating analyses of many aspects of the chiefdom, from how this form of political organization first arose to the role it played in giving rise to the next major stage in the development of human society--the state.

Ancient Panama

Mary W. Helms
Ancient Panama Book PDF

Author : Mary W. Helms
Publisher : University of Texas Press
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2014-03-19
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780292766747

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Ancient Panama by Mary W. Helms Pdf

Ancient Panama adds depth to our understanding of the political and religious elite ruling in Panama at the time of the European conquest. Mary W. Helms's research greatly expands knowledge of the distribution, extent, and structural nature of these pre-Columbian chiefdoms. In addition, Helms delves more deeply into select aspects of ancient Panamanian political systems, including the relationship between elite competition and chiefly status, the use of sumptuary goods in the expression of elite power, and the role of elites in regional and long-distance exchange networks. In a significant departure from traditional thinking, she proposes that the search for esoteric knowledge was more important than economic trade in developing long-distance contact among chiefdoms. The primary data for the study are derived from sixteenth-century Spanish records by Oviedo y Valdés, Andagoya, Balboa, and others. The author also turns to ethnographic data from contemporary native people of Panama, Colombia, tropical America, and Polynesia for analogy and comparison. The result is a highly innovative study which illuminates not only pre-Columbian Panamanian elites but also the nature of chiefdoms as a distinctive cultural type.

The Evolution of Human Societies

Allen W. Johnson,Timothy K. Earle
The Evolution of Human Societies Book PDF

Author : Allen W. Johnson,Timothy K. Earle
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 460 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0804740321

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The Evolution of Human Societies by Allen W. Johnson,Timothy K. Earle Pdf

Combining original theoretical ideas and interpretation with ethnographic evidence, Johnson and Earle seek to describe and account for the development of complex human societies. A wealth of case studies are referred to throughout and these are used to support arguments for the proposed causes, mechanisms and patterns of change and for the factors involved, such as technological change, population growth, warfare, the exchange of goods. This second edition sees a complete re-writing of the theoretical chapters, taking account of recent research, plus a new chapter on changes since the Industrial Revolution and the globalisation of society.

Capital as Power

Jonathan Nitzan,Shimshon Bichler
Capital as Power Book PDF

Author : Jonathan Nitzan,Shimshon Bichler
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 853 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2009-06-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781134022298

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Capital as Power by Jonathan Nitzan,Shimshon Bichler Pdf

Conventional theories of capitalism are mired in a deep crisis: after centuries of debate, they are still unable to tell us what capital is. Liberals and Marxists both think of capital as an ‘economic’ entity that they count in universal units of ‘utils’ or ‘abstract labour’, respectively. But these units are totally fictitious. Nobody has ever been able to observe or measure them, and for a good reason: they don’t exist. Since liberalism and Marxism depend on these non-existing units, their theories hang in suspension. They cannot explain the process that matters most – the accumulation of capital. This book offers a radical alternative. According to the authors, capital is not a narrow economic entity, but a symbolic quantification of power. It has little to do with utility or abstract labour, and it extends far beyond machines and production lines. Capital, the authors claim, represents the organized power of dominant capital groups to reshape – or creorder – their society. Written in simple language, accessible to lay readers and experts alike, the book develops a novel political economy. It takes the reader through the history, assumptions and limitations of mainstream economics and its associated theories of politics. It examines the evolution of Marxist thinking on accumulation and the state. And it articulates an innovative theory of ‘capital as power’ and a new history of the ‘capitalist mode of power’.

How Chiefs Became Kings

Patrick Vinton Kirch
How Chiefs Became Kings Book PDF

Author : Patrick Vinton Kirch
Publisher : University of California Press
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2019-05-07
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780520303393

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How Chiefs Became Kings by Patrick Vinton Kirch Pdf

In How Chiefs Became Kings, Patrick Vinton Kirch addresses a central problem in anthropological archaeology: the emergence of “archaic states” whose distinctive feature was divine kingship. Kirch takes as his focus the Hawaiian archipelago, commonly regarded as the archetype of a complex chiefdom. Integrating anthropology, linguistics, archaeology, traditional history, and theory, and drawing on significant contributions from his own four decades of research, Kirch argues that Hawaiian polities had become states before the time of Captain Cook’s voyage (1778-1779). The status of most archaic states is inferred from the archaeological record. But Kirch shows that because Hawai‘i’s kingdoms were established relatively recently, they could be observed and recorded by Cook and other European voyagers. Substantive and provocative, this book makes a major contribution to the literature of precontact Hawai‘i and illuminates Hawai‘i’s importance in the global theory and literature about divine kingship, archaic states, and sociopolitical evolution.

The Politics of Custom

John L. Comaroff,Jean Comaroff
The Politics of Custom Book PDF

Author : John L. Comaroff,Jean Comaroff
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2018-03-08
Category : History
ISBN : 9780226510934

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The Politics of Custom by John L. Comaroff,Jean Comaroff Pdf

Includes bibliographical references and index.

The Creation of the Zulu Kingdom, 1815–1828

Elizabeth A. Eldredge
The Creation of the Zulu Kingdom 1815 1828 Book PDF

Author : Elizabeth A. Eldredge
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 421 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2014-10-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107075320

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The Creation of the Zulu Kingdom, 1815–1828 by Elizabeth A. Eldredge Pdf

This scholarly account traces the emergence of the Zulu Kingdom in South Africa in the early nineteenth century, under the rule of the ambitious and iconic King Shaka. In contrast to recent literary analyses of myths of Shaka, this book uses the richness of Zulu oral traditions and a comprehensive body of written sources to provide a compelling narrative and analysis of the events and people of the era of Shaka's rule. The oral traditions portray Shaka as rewarding courage and loyalty and punishing failure; as ordering the targeted killing of his own subjects, both warriors and civilians, to ensure compliance to his rule; and as arrogant and shrewd, but kind to the poor and mentally disabled. The rich and diverse oral traditions, transmitted from generation to generation, reveal the important roles and fates of men and women, royal and subject, from the perspectives of those who experienced Shaka's rule and the dramatic emergence of the Zulu Kingdom.

Surplus

Christopher T. Morehart,Kristin De Lucia
Surplus Book PDF

Author : Christopher T. Morehart,Kristin De Lucia
Publisher : University Press of Colorado
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2015-10-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781607323808

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Surplus by Christopher T. Morehart,Kristin De Lucia Pdf

The concept of surplus captures the politics of production and also conveys the active material means by which people develop the strategies to navigate everyday life. Surplus: The Politics of Production and the Strategies of Everyday Life examines how surpluses affected ancient economies, governments, and households in civilizations across Mesoamerica, the Southwest United States, the Andes, Northern Europe, West Africa, Mesopotamia, and eastern Asia. A hallmark of archaeological research on sociopolitical complexity, surplus is central to theories of political inequality and institutional finance. This book investigates surplus as a macro-scalar process on which states or other complex political formations depend and considers how past people—differentially positioned based on age, class, gender, ethnicity, role, and goal—produced, modified, and mobilized their social and physical worlds. Placing the concept of surplus at the forefront of archaeological discussions on production, consumption, power, strategy, and change, this volume reaches beyond conventional ways of thinking about top-down or bottom-up models and offers a comparative framework to examine surplus, generating new questions and methodologies to elucidate the social and political economies of the past. Contributors include Douglas J. Bolender, James A. Brown, Cathy L. Costin, Kristin De Lucia, Timothy Earle, John E. Kelly, Heather M. L. Miller, Christopher R. Moore, Christopher T. Morehart, Neil L. Norman, Ann B. Stahl, Victor D. Thompson, T. L. Thurston, and E. Christian Wells.

The Archaeology of Events

Zackary I. Gilmore,Jason M. O'Donoughue
The Archaeology of Events Book PDF

Author : Zackary I. Gilmore,Jason M. O'Donoughue
Publisher : University of Alabama Press
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2015-03-31
Category : History
ISBN : 9780817318505

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The Archaeology of Events by Zackary I. Gilmore,Jason M. O'Donoughue Pdf

These perspectives are applied to a broad range of archeological contexts stretching across the Southeast and spanning more than 7,000 years of the region's pre-Columbian history. New data suggest that several of this region's most pivotal historical developments, such as the founding of Cahokia, the transformation of Moundville from urban center to vacated necropolis, and the construction of Poverty Point's Mound A, were not protracted incremental processes, but rather watershed moments that significantly altered the long-term trajectories of indigenous Southeastern societies. In addition to exceptional occurrences that impacted entire communities or peoples, Southeastern archaeologists are increasingly recognizing the historical importance of localized, everyday events, such as building a house, crafting a pot, or depositing shell.

Zamumo's Gifts

Joseph M. Hall, Jr.
Zamumo s Gifts Book PDF

Author : Joseph M. Hall, Jr.
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2012-05-26
Category : History
ISBN : 9780812202144

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Zamumo's Gifts by Joseph M. Hall, Jr. Pdf

In 1540, Zamumo, the chief of the Altamahas in central Georgia, exchanged gifts with the Spanish conquistador Hernando de Soto. With these gifts began two centuries of exchanges that bound American Indians and the Spanish, English, and French who colonized the region. Whether they gave gifts for diplomacy or traded commodities for profit, Natives and newcomers alike used the exchange of goods such as cloth, deerskin, muskets, and sometimes people as a way of securing their influence. Gifts and trade enabled early colonies to survive and later colonies to prosper. Conversely, they upset the social balance of chiefdoms like Zamumo's and promoted the rise of new and powerful Indian confederacies like the Creeks and the Choctaws. Drawing on archaeological studies, colonial documents from three empires, and Native oral histories, Joseph M. Hall, Jr., offers fresh insights into broad segments of southeastern colonial history, including the success of Florida's Franciscan missionaries before 1640 and the impact of the Indian slave trade on French Louisiana after 1699. He also shows how gifts and trade shaped the Yamasee War, which pitted a number of southeastern tribes against English South Carolina in 1715-17. The exchanges at the heart of Zamumo's Gifts highlight how the history of Europeans and Native Americans cannot be understood without each other.

Chiefdoms

Timothy K. Earle
Chiefdoms Book PDF

Author : Timothy K. Earle
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1993-04
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0521448964

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Chiefdoms by Timothy K. Earle Pdf

These eleven case studies of different chiefdoms examine how ruling elites retain and legitimize their power.

Indigenous African Institutions

George Ayittey
Indigenous African Institutions Book PDF

Author : George Ayittey
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 600 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2006-09-01
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789047440031

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Indigenous African Institutions by George Ayittey Pdf

George Ayittey’s Indigenous African Institutions presents a detailed and convincing picture of pre-colonial and post-colonial Africa - its cultures, traditions, and indigenous institutions, including participatory democracy.

Drift

Rachel Maddow
Drift Book PDF

Author : Rachel Maddow
Publisher : Crown
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2012-03-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780307461001

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Drift by Rachel Maddow Pdf

The #1 New York Times bestseller that charts America’s dangerous drift into a state of perpetual war. Written with bracing wit and intelligence, Rachel Maddow's Drift argues that we've drifted away from America's original ideals and become a nation weirdly at peace with perpetual war. To understand how we've arrived at such a dangerous place, Maddow takes us from the Vietnam War to today's war in Afghanistan, along the way exploring Reagan's radical presidency, the disturbing rise of executive authority, the gradual outsourcing of our war-making capabilities to private companies, the plummeting percentage of American families whose children fight our constant wars for us, and even the changing fortunes of G.I. Joe. Ultimately, she shows us just how much we stand to lose by allowing the scope of American military power to overpower our political discourse. Sensible yet provocative, dead serious yet seri­ously funny, Drift reinvigorates a "loud and jangly" political debate about our vast and confounding national security state.