How Motivation Affects Cardiovascular Response

Author : Rex A. Wright,Guido H. E. Gendolla
Publisher : American Psychological Association (APA)
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Heart
ISBN : 1433810263

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How Motivation Affects Cardiovascular Response by Rex A. Wright,Guido H. E. Gendolla Pdf

Cardiovascular (CV) response consists of changes in CV parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure, and heart contraction force in reaction to an event or set of events. It is significant for multiple reasons, perhaps most notably because research suggests that it affects the development and progression of heart disease. Disease models vary, but most assume that characteristically strong and prolonged CV responses confer health risk. Psychologists have long suspected linkages between motivational variables and CV response. However, formal study of the linkages was limited for many years. Motivationally based CV response research now flourishes, with researchers in various disciplines considering the role of relevant variables such as effort, incentives, and goals. This book conveys the amount and diversity of motivationally based CV response research that currently is being conducted. Chapters discuss mechanisms of motivational influence on CV response and apply motivational approaches to studying CV response in different life circumstances. Health implications are considered throughout. The volume will appeal to scholars and practitioners in numerous specialty areas, including motivation, emotion, psychophysiology, medical/health psychology, social/personality psychology and human factors/ergonomics. It will be a vital research source and could serve as a text or supplement in classes that address motivational, psychophysiological and health issues.

Author : Richard Ryan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 656 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2019-07-15
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780190666477

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The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation by Richard Ryan Pdf

The field of human motivation has been undergoing a revolutionary shift in the 21st century. What new philosophical assumptions, motivational models, and empirical evidence have emerged? What does this look like in theory and in application? The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation, Second Edition addresses these key advances made in the field since the previous edition, offering the latest insights from the top theorists and researchers of human motivation. The volume includes chapters on social learning theory, control theory, self-determination theory, terror management theory, and regulatory focus theory, while also presenting articles from leading scholars on phenomena such as ego-depletion, choice, curiosity, flow, implicit motives, and personal interests. A special section dedicated to goal research highlights achievement goals, goal attainment, goal pursuit and unconscious goals, and the goal orientation process across adulthood. This Handbook also provides practical research and guidance with sections on relationships and applications in areas such as psychotherapy, education, physical activity, sport, and work. By providing reviews of the most advanced work by the very best scholars in this field, The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation, Second Edition represents an invaluable resource for both researchers and practitioners, as well as any student of human nature.

Author : Richard M. Ryan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 1805 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2013-12-15
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780199366255

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The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation by Richard M. Ryan Pdf

Motivation is that which moves us to action. Human motivation is thus a complex issue, as people are moved to action by both their evolved natures and by myriad familial, social and cultural influences. The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation collects the top theorists and researchers of human motivation into a single volume, capturing the current state-of-the-art in this fast developing field. The book includes theoretical overviews from some of the best-known thinkers in this area, including chapters on Social Learning Theory, Control Theory, Self-determination theory, Terror Management theory, and the Promotion and Prevention perspective. Topical chapters appear on phenomena such as ego-depletion, flow, curiosity, implicit motives, and personal interests. A section specifically highlights goal research, including chapters on goal regulation, achievement goals, the dynamics of choice, unconscious goals and process versus outcome focus. Still other chapters focus on evolutionary and biological underpinnings of motivation, including chapters on cardiovascular dynamics, mood, and neuropsychology. Finally, chapters bring motivation down to earth in reviewing its impact within relationships, and in applied areas such as psychotherapy, work, education, sport, and physical activity. By providing reviews of the most advanced work by the very best scholars in this field, The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation represents an invaluable resource for both researchers and practitioners, as well as any student of human nature.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2016-03-29
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780128051191

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Advances in Motivation Science by Anonim Pdf

Advances in Motivation Science, Elsevier's brand new serial on the topic of motivation science, is a timely serial on an area of study that has not only been a mainstay of the science of psychology, but also a major influence in early dynamic and Gestalt models of the mind and fundamental to behaviorist theories of learning and action. The advent of the cognitive revolution in the 1960 and 70s eclipsed the emphasis on motivation to a large extent, but in the past two decades motivation has returned en force. Today, motivational analyses of affect, cognition, and behavior are ubiquitous across psychological literatures and disciplines. In essence, motivation is not just a “hot topic on the contemporary scene, but is firmly entrenched as a foundational issue in scientific psychology. This volume brings together internationally recognized experts focusing on cutting-edge theoretical and empirical contributions in this important area of psychology. Presents the premier volume of Elsevier's brand new serial on the field of motivation science and research Provides a timely overview of important research programs conducted by the most respected scholars in psychology Contains special attention on directions for future research

Author : Lusha Xiang,Robert L. Hester
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Page : 127 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781615043453

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Cardiovascular Responses to Exercise by Lusha Xiang,Robert L. Hester Pdf

Exercise is the act of increasing metabolic rate for the purpose of enhancing physical fitness. Exercise can be one of the most stressful physiological responses that the body undertakes. With exercise, there are increases in metabolic rate, heart rate, blood flow (hyperemia), respiration, and heat production. The increased metabolic requirement during exercise is well met by an increased blood flow (functional hyperemia) and oxygen supply to the exercising tissue, which is regulated by multiple local and systemic mechanisms. The local mechanisms (factors) are responsible for mediating the muscle homeostasis and vascular conductance to match the increased metabolic requirement, whereas the systemic mechanisms are responsible for the maintenance of blood pressure and global cardiovascular homeostasis, including the increase in and redistribution of cardiac output, which is mainly mediated by sympathetic activation. For instance, the substantial decreases in vascular resistance and resultant large increase in blood flow during exercise require higher blood pressure and more cardiac output, such that the metabolically active muscle can be perfused with adequate blood flow. This book will provide an overview of the cardiovascular responses to exercise under physiological conditions as well as some pathological circumstances. Table of Contents: Capillary Perfusion in Skeletal Muscle During Exercise / Local Control of Arteriolar Diameter and Blood Flow During Exercise / Systemic Control of Cardiovascular Response to Exercise / Cardiovascular Response to Exercise under Pathological Conditions / References / Author Biography

Author : Guido H.E. Gendolla,Mattie Tops,Sander L. Koole
Publisher : Springer
Page : 413 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2014-09-22
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781493912360

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Handbook of Biobehavioral Approaches to Self-Regulation by Guido H.E. Gendolla,Mattie Tops,Sander L. Koole Pdf

​How can people master their own thoughts, feelings, and actions? This question is central to the scientific study of self-regulation. The behavioral side of self-regulation has been extensively investigated over the last decades, but the biological machinery that allows people to self-regulate has mostly remained vague and unspecified. Handbook of Biobehavioral Approaches to Self-Regulation corrects this imbalance. Moving beyond traditional mind-body dualities, the various contributions in the book examine how self-regulation becomes established in cardiovascular, hormonal, and central nervous systems. Particular attention is given to the dynamic interplay between affect and cognition in self-regulation. The book also addresses the psychobiology of effort, the impact of depression on self-regulation, the development of self-regulation, and the question what causes self-regulation to succeed or fail. These novel perspectives provide readers with a new, biologically informed understanding of self-awareness and self-agency. Among the topics being covered are: Self-regulation in an evolutionary perspective. The muscle metaphor in self-regulation in the light of current theorizing on muscle physiology. From distraction to mindfulness: psychological and neural mechanisms of attention strategies in self-regulation. Self-regulation in social decision-making: a neurobiological perspective. Mental effort: brain and autonomic correlates in health and disease. A basic and applied model of the body-mind system. Handbook of Biobehavioral Approaches to Self-Regulation provides a wealth of theoretical insights into self-regulation, with great potential for future applications for improving self-regulation in everyday life settings, including education, work, health, and interpersonal relationships. The book highlights a host of exciting new ideas and directions and is sure to provoke a great deal of thought and discussion among researchers, practitioners, and graduate-level students in psychology, education, neuroscience, medicine, and behavioral economics.

Author : Arto J Hautala,Anthony S Leicht,Daniel Boullosa
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2015-03-12
Category : Electronic book
ISBN : 9782889194636

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The Role of Physical Fitness on Cardiovascular Responses to Stress by Arto J Hautala,Anthony S Leicht,Daniel Boullosa Pdf

Cardiovascular responses to physical and/ or mental stressors has been a topic of great interest for some time. For example, significant changes of cardiovascular control and reactivity have been highlighted as important mechanisms for the protective effect of exercise as a simple and effective, non medical therapy for many pathologies. However, despite the great number of studies performed to date (e.g. >54,000 entries in Pubmed for “cardiovascular stress”), important questions of the role stress has on cardiovascular function still remain. For instance, What factors account for the different cardiovascular responses between mental and physical stressors? How do these different components of the cardiovascular system interact during stress? Which cardiovascular responses to stress are the most important for identifying normal, depressed, and enhanced cardiovascular function? Can these stress-induced responses assist with patient diagnosis and prognosis? What impact does physical fitness have on the relationship between cardiovascular function and health? The current topic examined our current understanding of cardiovascular responses to stress and the significant role that physical fitness has on these responses for improved function and health. Manuscripts focusing on heart rate variability (HRV), heart rate recovery, and other novel cardiovascular assessments were especially encouraged.

Author : Peter M. Gollwitzer,John A. Bargh
Publisher : Guilford Press
Page : 706 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1996-01-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 1572300329

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The Psychology of Action by Peter M. Gollwitzer,John A. Bargh Pdf

Moving beyond the traditional, and unproductive, rivalry between the fields of motivation and cognition, this book integrates the two domains to shed new light on the control of goal-directed action. Renowned social and motivational psychologists present concise formulations of the latest research programs which are effectively mapping the territory, providing new findings, and suggesting innovative strategies for future research. Ideally structured for classroom use, this book will effectively familiarize readers with important theories in the psychology of action.

Author : Lusha Xiang,Robert L. Hester
Publisher : Biota Publishing
Page : 135 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2016-12-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781615047277

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Cardiovascular Responses to Exercise by Lusha Xiang,Robert L. Hester Pdf

Exercise is the act of increasing metabolic rate for the purpose of enhancing physical fitness. Exercise can be one of the most stressful physiological responses that the body undertakes. With exercise, there are increases in metabolic rate, heart rate, blood flow (hyperemia), respiration, and heat production. The increased metabolic requirement during exercise is well met by an increased blood flow (functional hyperemia) and oxygen supply to the exercising tissue, which is regulated by multiple local and systemic mechanisms. The local mechanisms (factors) are responsible for mediating the muscle homeostasis and vascular conductance to match the increased metabolic requirement, whereas the systemic mechanisms are responsible for the maintenance of blood pressure and global cardiovascular homeostasis, including the increase in and redistribution of cardiac output, which is mainly mediated by sympathetic activation. For instance, the substantial decreases in vascular resistance and resultant large increase in blood flow during exercise require higher blood pressure and more cardiac output, such that the metabolically active muscle can be perfused with adequate blood flow. This book will provide an overview of the cardiovascular responses to exercise under physiological conditions as well as some pathological circumstances.

Author : Grzegorz Sedek,Thomas Hess,Dayna Touron
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 449 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2021-09-24
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780197528976

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Multiple Pathways of Cognitive Aging by Grzegorz Sedek,Thomas Hess,Dayna Touron Pdf

"The empirical study of aging and cognition has progressed tremendously over the past 50-plus years. Much of the original research had its roots in the medical realm as investigators sought to characterize cognitive deficits associated with aging. For the most part, this research adhered to a biomedical model, in which aging was considered akin to a disease, and the focus was on understanding patterns of decline that were assumed to be an inevitable part of getting older (Hess & Blanchard-Fields, 1996). Indeed, aging was often studied by comparing patterns of decline to those associated with atypical populations with specific diseases or cortical lesions/insults (e.g., West, 1996). The study of aging and cognitive change made its way into mainstream experimental psychology in the 1960s and 1970s as researchers focused more on understanding normal aging through the lens of verbal learning and cognitive psychology (for reviews, see Kausler, 1982, 1991). One of the great advantages of these perspectives was the availability of sophisticated models to characterize memory and cognitive functions, and associated methods for assessing specific processes within these models. In these traditions, aging was usually studied by introducing a two-level age variable into traditional experimental designs that consisted of groups of young and older adults. The former groups typically comprised university undergraduates, whereas the latter groups usually encompassed a much wider age range of community-dwelling volunteers"--

Author : Michele M. Tugade,Michelle N. Shiota,Leslie D. Kirby
Publisher : Guilford Publications
Page : 544 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2016-02-12
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781462526710

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Handbook of Positive Emotions by Michele M. Tugade,Michelle N. Shiota,Leslie D. Kirby Pdf

This authoritative handbook reviews the breadth of current knowledge about positive emotions: their nature, functions, and consequences for individuals and society. Specific emotions are analyzed in depth, including happiness, pride, romantic love, compassion, gratitude, awe, challenge, and hope. Major theoretical perspectives are presented and cutting-edge research methods explained. The volume addresses neurobiological and physiological aspects of positive emotions as well as their social and intrapersonal contexts. Implications for physical health, coping, and psychopathology are explored, as are connections to organizational functioning and consumer behavior.

Author : Todd S. Braver
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2015-12-22
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317326366

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Motivation and Cognitive Control by Todd S. Braver Pdf

Individuals do not always perform to their full capability on cognitive tasks. When this occurs, the usual explanation is that the individual was not properly motivated. But this begs the important question: How and why does motivation interact with and influence cognitive processing and the control processes that regulate it? What are the underlying mechanisms that govern such interactions? Motivation has been an important component of psychology and neuroscience throughout the history of the field, but has recently been rejuvenated by rapidly accelerating research interest in the nature of motivation-cognition interactions, particularly as they impact control processes and goal-directed behavior. This volume provides an up-to-date snapshot of the state of research in this exciting, expanding area. The contributors to the volume are internationally-renowned researchers that lead the field in conducting groundbreaking studies. Moreover, they represent a variety of research perspectives and traditions: cognitive psychology and neuroscience, animal learning, social, affective, and personality psychology, and development, lifespan, and aging studies. This book summarizes our current state of understanding of the relationship between motivation and cognitive control, and serves as an essential reference for both students and researchers.

Author : John D. Salamone,Liana Fattore
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 119 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2022-08-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889768073

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Motivation and Reward - Editors' Pick 2022 by John D. Salamone,Liana Fattore Pdf

Author : Christopher Rolfe Agnew,Susan C. South
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199936632

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Interpersonal Relationships and Health by Christopher Rolfe Agnew,Susan C. South Pdf

Gathering leading thinkers in social and clinical psychology, public health, medicine, and sociology, Interpersonal Relationships and Health considers theoretical and empirical issues relevant to understanding the social and clinical psychological mechanisms linking close relationship processes with mental and physical health outcomes. The volume arises out of a recent explosion of interest, across multiple academic and research fields, in the ways that interpersonal relationships affect health and well-being. This volume pulls together a range of scholars who focus on different aspects of relationships and health in order to encourage both collaboration and cross-disciplinary initiatives. This is the first edited volume to pull together noted experts across myriad disciplines whose research is at the intersection of human relationships and health. Topics addressed include key biological processes that influence and, in turn, are influenced by close relationships. Interpersonal Relationships and Health presents research that demonstrates the connections between interpersonal relationships, mental and physical health outcomes, and biophysical markers that figure prominently in the fields of psychoneuroimmunology, endocrinology, and cardiology. In addition, it highlights recent work on marital, family, and social relationships and their interplay with health and well-being. Chapters also address sexual health among young and older adults, as well as clinical intervention efforts that focus on the role of relational factors in influencing health. Each chapter highlights extant theoretical and empirical findings and suggests future avenues for research in this burgeoning area.

Author : Anne-Marie Pense-Lheritier,Irene Bacle,Julien Delarue
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2021-08-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780128219683

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Nonfood Sensory Practices by Anne-Marie Pense-Lheritier,Irene Bacle,Julien Delarue Pdf

Sensory evaluation is applied in very diverse and sometimes unexpected sectors. Nonfood Sensory Practices aims to show how sensory professionals from sectors other than food have embraced sensory evaluation methods for product development and communication of their products’ sensory properties. This book is thus intended as a first assessment of what is happening in nonfood sectors. It will open perspectives to those sensory professionals who wish to apply and adapt their expertise in food sensory science to other types of products, as well as to those working in nonfood sectors but with lesser background in sensory evaluation. Many nonfood products are intrinsically complex. They can be used in diverse ways, often in strong interaction with context and – unlike food – over several hours, days or months. This book shows how sensory professionals have adapted to these specificities, not to mention specific needs in terms of panel management and different ways to deal with consumers, users, customers or even sometimes with patients. First chapters present general methodological principles that will allow readers to fully apprehend the use of sensory practices. Then, contributions from many professionals in nonfood sectors will help to realize and promote the potential added value of sensory evaluation to their own field of application. Presents methodological specificities and solutions for the sensory evaluation of non-food products Includes case studies that help readers understand how to adapt food-centric sensory methods developed for non-food applications Triggers new ideas and further useful developments for the sensory evaluation of food products and the study of food-related consumer behaviors