How To Fight Harmful Microbial Bugs And Superbugs

Author : Alain Fischer,Michel Goldman,Paul-Henri Lambert
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2021-09-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889714667

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How to Fight Harmful Microbial Bugs and Superbugs? by Alain Fischer,Michel Goldman,Paul-Henri Lambert Pdf

The evolution of human beings has been shaped to a large extent by microbes. A number of microbes are innocuous or even contribute to our health equilibrium. This is the case of bacteria and viral phages present in our gut. However, several bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi are damaging our bodies, causing a number of acute and chronic diseases. Until recently, these bugs represented the main causes of death. Better hygiene, vaccines, antibiotics and other anti-microbial drugs have resulted in a better control or cure of many infections. However, malaria, tuberculosis, and AIDS still represent major threats in several countries and the recent epidemics of Ebola and Zika demonstrate how vulnerable we are to newly emerging viruses. Furthermore, diarrhea and pneumonia caused by bacteria or viruses still kill millions of children worldwide. Most importantly, bacteria resistant to existing antibiotics are multiplying at a high pace and these superbugs are expected to kill more and more people in the coming years. Clearly, we need to develop more effective approaches to tackle bugs and superbugs. Better hygiene and better vaccine coverage must be considered first and education of kids is essential in this respect. This is the main objective of this series of papers published in Frontiers for Young Minds under the heading “How to Fight Harmful Microbial Bugs and Superbugs?”. Another key objective of the collection is to elicit the interest of children for research on innovative anti-microbial therapies and vaccines.

Author : Olivier Rubin,Erik Baekkeskov,Louise Munkholm
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2023-04-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780192899491

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Steering Against Superbugs by Olivier Rubin,Erik Baekkeskov,Louise Munkholm Pdf

The societal consequences of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are severe. They include declining health outcomes from longer illnesses, prolonged stays in hospital, loss of protection for patients undergoing medical procedures, increased health care expenditure, and increased mortality. They also include declining global food security as AMR damages farm animal health and crop yields. Despite AMR being a transboundary crisis, concerted global initiatives that effectively combat AMR have been few and far between. Steering Against Superbugs analyses ways to reduce barriers and create opportunities for coordination. The expert contributions in this volume offer specific and original insights about what global governance of AMR means, and ways to help solve AMR issues. They show that effective governance relies crucially on pursuing local level implementation of key policies, and equitable recognition of solutions across multiple sectors within countries, and across the Global North and South. With the COVID-19 pandemic, societies across the world have been reminded of the devastating consequences of not being able to effectively counter global health threats. AMR is arguably one of the most severe long-term threats to human, animal, and environmental health. There is momentum for global political action around novel and emerging disease threats and Steering Against Superbugs contributes with original and insightful research to inform ongoing and future debates.

Author : Suhaib A. Bandh,Javid A. Parray,Nowsheen Shameem
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2022-08-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000609646

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Climate Change and Microbial Diversity by Suhaib A. Bandh,Javid A. Parray,Nowsheen Shameem Pdf

The ongoing global climate change triggered by greenhouse gas growth has had a significant effect on the microbial dynamics of plants and soils. This volume explores the various microbial responses of plants and soils caused directly or indirectly by climate change resulting from rising greenhouse gases and other factors. The book considers the rapidly changing environment and the important role of microbiomes in restoring soil and plant health and in creating sustainable approaches. It discusses the adaptation and mitigation of plants and soils, specifically addressing such topics as biogeochemical processes, antimicrobial resistance, the dynamics of bacteria and fungus in extreme environments, bacterial siderophores for sustainability, and more. The volume also looks at edaphic and regeneration performance of tree species in the temperate forests.

Author : Doreen E. Szollosi
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2023-03-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781527592353

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Antibiotic Discoveries and a Century of Creating Superbugs by Doreen E. Szollosi Pdf

In the pre-antibiotic era, the infections we currently see as relatively minor were sometimes deadly. This book discusses the rise (and sometimes fall) of “wonder drugs” designed to combat infections for which, at the time, there was no cure. However, history has shown us that, when antibiotics are overused, it can ultimately lead to either widespread discontinuation of the antibiotic or a drastic decrease in efficacy, leaving healthcare providers with few or no options for treatment. This book explores the discoveries of the major antibiotic drug classes, and highlights major bacterial strains which have become resistant and now represent difficult-to-treat infections. Barriers to new antibiotic development, as well as novel strategies for treating bacterial infections, are also explored.

Author : Chopra, Dimple Sethi,Kaul, Ankur
Publisher : IGI Global
Page : 319 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2021-06-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781799803096

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Strategies to Overcome Superbug Invasions: Emerging Research and Opportunities by Chopra, Dimple Sethi,Kaul, Ankur Pdf

Recently, there has been an upsurge in microbial infections. Extensive and inappropriate usage of antimicrobial drugs in treating infections has led to the evolution of a resistant strain of microorganisms and irreversible immunosuppression in humans. Medical institutions and hospitals require solutions to combat these contagions in order to avoid future epidemics. Strategies to Overcome Superbug Invasions: Emerging Research and Opportunities highlights current research and potential strategies to prevent the emergence and re-emergence of drug-resistant pathogenic microbial strains. The content within this publication examines biosensing, global initiatives, nanomaterials, and alternative therapies. It is designed for microbiologists, biotechnologists, pharmacists, pharmacologists, virologists, formulation scientists, infectious disease specialists, government officials, policymakers, healthcare practitioners, doctors, nurses, hospital directors, researchers, surgeons, and academicians who are seeking research on innovative solutions for multi-drug-resistant infections.

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Oversight and Investigations Subcommittee
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : History
ISBN : MINN:31951D03162854V

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Fighting Superbugs by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Oversight and Investigations Subcommittee Pdf

Author : Matt McCarthy
Publisher : Penguin
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2019-05-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780735217522

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Superbugs by Matt McCarthy Pdf

International Bestseller "An amazing, informative book that changes our perspective on medicine, microbes and our future." --Siddhartha Mukherjee, MD, New York Times bestselling author of The Emperor of All Maladies A New York Times bestselling author shares this exhilarating story of cutting-edge science and the race against the clock to find new treatments in the fight against the antibiotic-resistant bacteria known as superbugs. Physician, researcher, and ethics professor Matt McCarthy is on the front lines of a groundbreaking clinical trial testing a new antibiotic to fight lethal superbugs, bacteria that have built up resistance to the life-saving drugs in our rapidly dwindling arsenal. This trial serves as the backdrop for the compulsively readable Superbugs, and the results will impact nothing less than the future of humanity. Dr. McCarthy explores the history of bacteria and antibiotics, from Alexander Fleming's discovery of penicillin, to obscure sources of innovative new medicines (often found in soil samples), to the cutting-edge DNA manipulation known as CRISPR, bringing to light how we arrived at this juncture of both incredible breakthrough and extreme vulnerability. We also meet the patients whose lives are hanging in the balance, from Remy, a teenager with a dangerous and rare infection, to Donny, a retired New York City firefighter with a compromised immune system, and many more. The proverbial ticking clock will keep readers on the edge of their seats. Can Dr. McCarthy save the lives of his patients infected with the deadly bacteria, who have otherwise lost all hope?

Author : Attilio Vittorio Vargiu,Klaas Martinus Pos,Keith Poole,Hiroshi Nikaido
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2016-08-12
Category : Microbiology
ISBN : 9782889199310

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Bad Bugs in the XXIst Century: Resistance Mediated by Multi-Drug Efflux Pumps in Gram-Negative Bacteria by Attilio Vittorio Vargiu,Klaas Martinus Pos,Keith Poole,Hiroshi Nikaido Pdf

The discovery of antibiotics represented a key milestone in the history of medicine. However, with the rise of these life-saving drugs came the awareness that bacteria deploy defence mechanisms to resist these antibiotics, and they are good at it. Today, we appear at a crossroads between discovery of new potent drugs and omni-resistant superbugs. Moreover, the misuse of antibiotics in different industries has increased the rate of resistance development by providing permanent selective pressure and, subsequently, enrichment of multidrug resistant pathogens. As a result, antimicrobial resistance has now become an urgent threat to public health worldwide (http://www.who.int/drugresistance/documents/surveillancereport/en/). The development of multidrug resistance (MDR) in an increasing number of pathogens, including Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Klebsiella, Salmonella, Burkholderia, and other Gram-negative bacteria is a most severe issue. Membrane efflux pump complexes of the Resistance-Nodulation-cell Division (RND) superfamily play a key role in the development of MDR in these bacteria. RND pumps, together with other transporters, contribute to intrinsic and acquired resistance to most, if not all, of the antimicrobial compounds available in our drug arsenal. Given the enormous drug polyspecificity of MDR efflux pumps, studies on their mechanism of action are extremely challenging, and this has negatively impacted both the development of new antibiotics that are able to evade these efflux pumps as well as the design of pump inhibitors. The collection of articles in this eBook, published as a Research Topic in Frontiers in Microbiology, section of Antimicrobials, Resistance, and Chemotherapy, aims to update the reader about the latest advances on the structure and function of RND efflux transporters, their roles in the overall multidrug resistance phenotype of Gram-negative pathogens, and on strategies to inhibit their activities. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which RND efflux pumps, alone or synergistically with other efflux pumps, are able to limit the concentration of antimicrobial compounds inside the bacterial cell, may pave the way for new, more directed, inhibitor and antibiotic design to ultimately overcome antimicrobial resistance by Gram-negatives.

Author : Jessica Snyder Sachs
Publisher : Hill and Wang
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2008-09-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781429923293

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Good Germs, Bad Germs by Jessica Snyder Sachs Pdf

Making Peace with Microbes Public sanitation and antibiotic drugs have brought about historic increases in the human life span; they have also unintentionally produced new health crises by disrupting the intimate, age-old balance between humans and the microorganisms that inhabit our bodies and our environment. As a result, antibiotic resistance now ranks among the gravest medical problems of modern times. Good Germs, Bad Germs addresses not only this issue but also what has become known as the "hygiene hypothesis"— an argument that links the over-sanitation of modern life to now-epidemic increases in immune and other disorders. In telling the story of what went terribly wrong in our war on germs, Jessica Snyder Sachs explores our emerging understanding of the symbiotic relationship between the human body and its resident microbes—which outnumber its human cells by a factor of nine to one! The book also offers a hopeful look into a future in which antibiotics will be designed and used more wisely, and beyond that, to a day when we may replace antibacterial drugs and cleansers with bacterial ones—each custom-designed for maximum health benefits.

Author : Ian Wilker,Marylou Ambrose
Publisher : Enslow Publishing, LLC
Page : 98 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2014-07-01
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 9781622930852

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Tuberculosis and Superbugs by Ian Wilker,Marylou Ambrose Pdf

Even though tuberculosis can be successfully treated with antibiotics, it still infects millions of people every year, causing painful, debilitating symptoms and sometimes death. The overuse of antibiotics has lead to the evolution of "superbugs," creating strains of TB and other diseases that are much more difficult to cure. This book investigates the history of TB and other drug-resistant diseases, explains who is most susceptible, and discusses the very real threat of these diseases today.

Author : Michelle Schoffro Cook
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2024-01-09
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9781644117415

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Super-Powered Immunity Starts in the Gut by Michelle Schoffro Cook Pdf

A research-backed guide to healing your gut and boosting immunity • Presents a four-week plan for healing the gut and obtaining—and sustaining—optimum immune system function • Offers methods to assess your gut health, determine if you have a specific problem, and select which healing approach would be best • Shares powerful yet natural remedies centered on probiotics, fermented foods, herbs, essential oils, and nutritional supplements Did you know that 70 percent of the immune system resides in the gut? As Dr. Michelle Schoffro Cook explains, a healthy, microbially balanced gastrointestinal tract is one of the biggest keys to warding off and fighting infectious diseases. In this practical guide, Dr. Cook shares tools and hands-on methods to transform your gut health for greater immunity and well-being. Distilling the most recent research, she explains the connection between GALT (gut-associated lymphoid tissue) and a strong gut-immune relationship. She offers methods to assess your gut health and select which healing approach would be best. She explores some of the main illnesses, conditions, and disorders that afflict the gut and lead to poor immune system performance, including excessive yeast growth, dysbiosis (an imbalanced microbiome where harmful microbes far outnumber the beneficial ones), and excessive gut permeability (which allows dangerous germs, microbes, and toxins to invade the blood stream). Showing how to treat these conditions holistically without damaging and compromising your gut and immune system, Dr. Cook shares powerful yet natural remedies like herbs, essential oils, and nutritional supplements. She looks at the role of probiotics and fermented foods in immunity, providing an extensive examination of how and why they work. She examines new research about particular probiotic strains that are effective against even the most drug-resistant health conditions like MRSA and C. difficile. She explains the often-invisible, immune-depleting damage caused by antibiotic use and what to do immediately if you’re taking antibiotics or have suffered damage from having done so. She also offers a detailed four-week plan for healing the gut and obtaining—and sustaining—optimum immune system function. Explaining all of the necessary research-backed tools and techniques, this guide empowers you to take charge of your gut health, transform your immune system, and achieve vibrant health.

Author : Jerome Groopman,Pamela Hartzband
Publisher : Penguin Books
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2012-08-28
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9780143122241

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Your Medical Mind by Jerome Groopman,Pamela Hartzband Pdf

Drs. Groopman and Hartzband reveal a clear path for making the right medical choices. Such factors as authority figures, statistics, other patients' stories, technology, and natural healing are key factors that shape choices.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Emerging Infections
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 333 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2003-03-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309168304

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The Resistance Phenomenon in Microbes and Infectious Disease Vectors by Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Emerging Infections Pdf

The resistance topic is timely given current events. The emergence of mysterious new diseases, such as SARS, and the looming threat of bioterrorist attacks remind us of how vulnerable we can be to infectious agents. With advances in medical technologies, we have tamed many former microbial foes, yet with few new antimicrobial agents and vaccines in the pipeline, and rapidly increasing drug resistance among infectious microbes, we teeter on the brink of loosing the upperhand in our ongoing struggle against these foes, old and new. The Resistance Phenomenon in Microbes and Infectious Disease Vectors examines our understanding of the relationships among microbes, disease vectors, and human hosts, and explores possible new strategies for meeting the challenge of resistance.

Author : Jun Lin,Kunihiko Nishino,Marilyn C. Roberts,Marcelo Tolmasky,Rustam I. Aminov,Lixin Zhang
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2015-06-01
Category : Antibiotics
ISBN : 9782889195268

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Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance by Jun Lin,Kunihiko Nishino,Marilyn C. Roberts,Marcelo Tolmasky,Rustam I. Aminov,Lixin Zhang Pdf

Antibiotics represent one of the most successful forms of therapy in medicine. But the efficiency of antibiotics is compromised by the growing number of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Antibiotic resistance, which is implicated in elevated morbidity and mortality rates as well as in the increased treatment costs, is considered to be one of the major global public health threats (www.who.int/drugresistance/en/) and the magnitude of the problem recently prompted a number of international and national bodies to take actions to protect the public (http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/health_consumer/docs/road-map-amr_en.pdf: http://www.who.int/drugresistance/amr_global_action_plan/en/; http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/docs/carb_national_strategy.pdf). Understanding the mechanisms by which bacteria successfully defend themselves against the antibiotic assault represent the main theme of this eBook published as a Research Topic in Frontiers in Microbiology, section of Antimicrobials, Resistance, and Chemotherapy. The articles in the eBook update the reader on various aspects and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. A better understanding of these mechanisms should facilitate the development of means to potentiate the efficacy and increase the lifespan of antibiotics while minimizing the emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogens.

Author : Laura Bowater
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2016-12-16
Category : Antibiotics
ISBN : 9781782621676

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The Microbes Fight Back by Laura Bowater Pdf

Antibiotics are familiar drugs to us all, so familiar that we may take them for granted. They allow us to survive life-threatening infections, and allow us to protect the animals we farm for food. Many antibiotics have now become ineffective against common diseases, and there are few alternative treatments to replace them. In this topical book, Laura Bowater, Professor of Microbiology Education and Engagement at Norwich Medical School, considers the past, present and uncertain future of antibiotics. This book begins by looking back at how infectious diseases, such as smallpox and The Plague, were able to wreak havoc on populations before the discovery of the first antibiotics. These then revolutionised the medical world. In an engaging and accessible style, Professor Bowater takes the reader through how antibiotics are made, how bacteria are able to mutate and develop resistance and she explains why there is now a lack of new antibiotic drugs coming to market. What will a future of continued antibiotic resistance look like? How can human activities prevent the rise of ‘superbugs'? Professor Bowater highlights the need for universal cooperation in order to tackle this global health challenge, which, if not addressed, could transport us back to the medical dark ages.