Human Capital Creation In An Economic Perspective

Author : Rita Asplund
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2013-11-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783642997761

Get Book

Human Capital Creation in an Economic Perspective by Rita Asplund Pdf

The past few decades have seen a revolutionary increase in interest in the economic role of education and training at the societal, business, and individual levels. This is mainly due to the strong post-war growth in industrialized economies, which has been driven by rapid technological progress and far-reaching structural change and, in the end, has resulted in increasingly skill-intensive production and growing demandfor more educated labour. Today it is frequently argued that with the increasing importance of the role of know-how, the workforce has become the most important single input in the production process. Simultaneously the dramatic increase in the availability of large micro-Ievel databases has opened enormous possibilities to study the economic role of human capital creation also empirically. The economic perspective of human capital accumulation is, however, of utmost importance also in times of deep economic recession. Periods of economic slowdown and rapidly increasing unemployment tend to in crease the demandfor advanced education and training in particular. This brings up, in turn, questions regarding overeducation and satisfying both private and social retums on investments in human capital.

Author : Rita Asplund
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2014-09-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3642997775

Get Book

Human Capital Creation in an Economic Perspective by Rita Asplund Pdf

Author : Alan Burton-Jones,J. -C. Spender
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 718 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2012-05-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780191634963

Get Book

The Oxford Handbook of Human Capital by Alan Burton-Jones,J. -C. Spender Pdf

Macroeconomic research on human capital - the stock of human capabilities and knowledge - has been extensively published but to date the literature has lacked a comprehensive analysis of human capital within the organization. The Oxford Handbook of Human Capital has been designed to fill that gap, providing an authoritative, inter-disciplinary, and up to date survey of relevant concepts, research areas, and applications. Specially commissioned contributions from over 40 authors reveal the importance of human capital for contemporary organizations, exploring its conceptual underpinnings, relevance to theories of the firm, implications for organizational effectiveness, interdependencies with other resources, and role in the future economy. Unlike neoclassical macroeconomic concepts of human capital, human capital in organizations is shown to be dynamic and heterogeneous, requiring new theories and management frameworks. The systemic role of human capital is explored, revealing it as the lynchpin of social, structural and other forms of intangible and tangible capital. Connections between human capital and organizational performance are investigated from HR management, procurement, alignment, value appropriation, and accounting perspectives. Links between micro and macro perspectives are provided through analyses of inter firm human capital mobility, national and regional human capital formation regimes and industry employment relations practices. This Handbook is designed for scholars and graduate students of organization and management theory, strategy, entrepreneurship, knowledge and intellectual capital, accounting, IT, HR, IR, economic sociology and cultural studies. For policy makers and practitioners it should provide an up to date guide to the nature and role of human capital in contemporary organizations and the roles that government, industry and other extra firm institutions can play in facilitating its development.

Author : United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
Publisher : United Nations
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2017-01-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789210598668

Get Book

Guide on Measuring Human Capital by United Nations Economic Commission for Europe Pdf

The idea of viewing individuals’ knowledge and abilities as an asset—as human capital—can be traced back to the work of Adam Smith in the 18th century. But human capital is intangible, and hence hard to define and measure. Increasingly, however, policymakers are calling for ways to understand and quantify human capital, in order to better understand what drives economic growth and the functioning of labour markets, to assess the long-term sustainability of a country’s development path, and to measure the output and productivity performance of the educational sector. Devising a robust methodology for the monetary valuation of the stock of human capital is especially important as studies suggest that human capital is by far the most important component of the total capital stock in most advanced economies. This Guide on Measuring Human Capital discusses conceptual, methodological and implementation issues and challenges. The recommendations are a first attempt to come up with a way to estimate and record the role of human capital in a way that is aligned with the principles of the national accounts and that is comparable across economies.

Author : Alfred Greiner,Willi Semmler,Gang Gong
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 203 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2016-06-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780691170961

Get Book

The Forces of Economic Growth by Alfred Greiner,Willi Semmler,Gang Gong Pdf

In economics, the emergence of New Growth Theory in recent decades has directed attention to an old and important problem: what are the forces of economic growth and how can public policy enhance them? This book examines major forces of growth--including spillover effects and externalities, education and formation of human capital, knowledge creation through deliberate research efforts, and public infrastructure investment. Unique in emphasizing the importance of different forces for particular stages of development, it offers wide-ranging policy implications in the process. The authors critically examine recently developed endogenous growth models, study the dynamic implications of modified models, and test the models empirically with modern time series methods that avoid the perils of heterogeneity in cross-country studies. Their empirical analyses, undertaken with newly constructed time series data for the United States and some core countries of the Euro zone, show that models containing scale effects, such as the R&D model and the human capital model, are compatible with time series evidence only after considerable modifications and nonlinearities are introduced. They also explore the relationship between growth and inequality, with particular focus on technological change and income disparity. The Forces of Economic Growth represents a comprehensive and up-to-date empirical time series perspective on the New Growth Theory.

Author : Alberto Bucci,Klaus Prettner,Alexia Prskawetz
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2019-11-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783030215996

Get Book

Human Capital and Economic Growth by Alberto Bucci,Klaus Prettner,Alexia Prskawetz Pdf

This edited collection explores the links between human capital (both in the form of health and in the form of education), demographic change, and economic growth. Using empirical as well as theoretical perspectives, the authors investigate several important issues in the context of human capital, namely population ageing, inequality, public policy, and long-term economic development. Ultimately, they demonstrate that the accumulation of human capital is of crucial importance to long-run economic growth.

Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2018-10-31
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464813566

Get Book

World Development Report 2019 by World Bank Pdf

Work is constantly reshaped by technological progress. New ways of production are adopted, markets expand, and societies evolve. But some changes provoke more attention than others, in part due to the vast uncertainty involved in making predictions about the future. The 2019 World Development Report will study how the nature of work is changing as a result of advances in technology today. Technological progress disrupts existing systems. A new social contract is needed to smooth the transition and guard against rising inequality. Significant investments in human capital throughout a person’s lifecycle are vital to this effort. If workers are to stay competitive against machines they need to train or retool existing skills. A social protection system that includes a minimum basic level of protection for workers and citizens can complement new forms of employment. Improved private sector policies to encourage startup activity and competition can help countries compete in the digital age. Governments also need to ensure that firms pay their fair share of taxes, in part to fund this new social contract. The 2019 World Development Report presents an analysis of these issues based upon the available evidence.

Author : W. G. Picot,Arthur Sweetman,Ronald S. Saunders
Publisher : Queen's School of Policy Studies
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105122863462

Get Book

Fulfilling Potential, Creating Success by W. G. Picot,Arthur Sweetman,Ronald S. Saunders Pdf

Fulfilling Potential, Creating Success examines human capital development from the perspective of several disciplines including education, psychology, sociology, politics, economics, geography, health, and civic engagement. This volume, produced by the Canadian Policy Research Networks (CPRN), the School of Policy Studies at Queen's University (SPS), and Statistics Canada, outlines what each of the disciplines can tell us about human capital development. Contributors explore the value in integrating family, education, and public health policies into a coherent "life course" so that influences at early stages of life have implications for human capital development at later stages. The volume also emphasizes connections between the acquisition of human capital and individual and societal outcomes and the policy implications of these relationships. Topics include the personal and social gains of the acquisition of skills and knowledge such as improved employment prospects, less crime, improved health, greater participation in political activity, more engagement of citizens in their communities, and a more innovative economy.

Author : Theodore William Schultz
Publisher : New York : Free Press
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1971
Category : Economics
ISBN : UCSC:32106000824695

Get Book

Investment in Human Capital by Theodore William Schultz Pdf

Author : Catherine Sofer
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2004-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781843769750

Get Book

Human Capital Over the Life Cycle by Catherine Sofer Pdf

. . . I am convinced that it should occupy a high position on the desk of policymakers. . . This book constitutes a good state-of-the-art study in this field and paves the way for further research in this direction. Marie-Claire Villeval, Economic Record This attractive publication is carried out as a clear attempt to gain access to a wider audience, relaxing formal and technical details, which makes the lecture easier. . . An international comparison of literature or educational and labour experiences is provided in every contribution in the book, helping to obtain a wider perspective of the problems tackled. Carmen García and Julio López, Education Economics This book makes a novel contribution to economics of education in several key respects. It highlights a broad number of crucial factors over the individual s life cycle that underlie inequalities in education and in the labour market. . . It is amazing how limited our knowledge is about these interactions despite their high priority in national as well as EU-level policy-making. This is a timely book concerned with topics of high policy relevance. Moreover, the authors have well succeeded in their attempt to write "in a style that makes this work accessible to a wider audience", using the editor s words. It is most important that academics as well as politicians are made aware of the considerable knowledge gaps that still prevail in our understanding of the role of education and training for the individual s success or failure in school and in working life. Rita Asplund, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy (ETLA), Finland In the last decade, changes occurring in the demand for skills have produced significant effect on the functioning of labour markets in Europe and elsewhere. The challenge posed by a knowledge based society for sustained growth has been at the centre of the European strategy for employment and has important implications for the design of labour market policies. This book brings together a wide range of contributions written by leading experts on key issues such as: schooling systems, transition from school to work and lifelong learning, thereby providing an essential reference for both researchers and policymakers. Claudio Lucifora, Università Cattolica, Italy Human Capital Over the Life Cycle synthesises comparative research on the processes of human capital formation in the areas of education and training in Europe, in relation to the labour market. The book proposes that one of the most important challenges faced by Europe today is to understand the link between education and training on the one hand and economic and social inequality on the other. The authors focus the analysis on three main aspects of the links between education and social inequality: educational inequality, differences in access to labour markets and differences in lifelong earnings and training. Almost all the stages in the life cycle are tracked from early childhood to stages late in the working life: firstly the characteristics and effects of schooling systems, then the transitions from school to work and, finally, human capital and the working career. Academics and researchers of European studies, labour economics and the economics of education will all find this novel and analytically sound book of interest, as will sociologists and policymakers in Europe.

Author : Partha Dasgupta,Ismail Serageldin
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 438 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0821350048

Get Book

Social Capital by Partha Dasgupta,Ismail Serageldin Pdf

This book contains a number of papers presented at a workshop organised by the World Bank in 1997 on the theme of 'Social Capital: Integrating the Economist's and the Sociologist's Perspectives'. The concept of 'social capital' is considered through a number of theoretical and empirical studies which discuss its analytical foundations, as well as institutional and statistical analyses of the concept. It includes the classic 1987 article by the late James Coleman, 'Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital', which formed the basis for the development of social capital as an organising concept in the social sciences.

Author : Margaret Lawrence,Felicia Murray
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Human capital
ISBN : 1536129852

Get Book

Human Capital by Margaret Lawrence,Felicia Murray Pdf

In this compilation, the authors outline the main stages that have marked the transformations of the notion of human capital, as well as the attempts to measure it, with particular reference to the OECD Survey of Adult Skills. They assess whether Sachs et al. (2015) negative long run welfare consequences of digitalization also arise when the government as an agent of young households invests in human capital with the aim to counteract the decrease in labor productivity resulting from the substitution of robots for traditional capital. They also question whether robots raise or diminish existing unemployment. Next, the book explores how brain drain affects human capital development and utilization with its consequences on the development of West Africa, using descriptive information along with a review of relevant literature. The authors examine the link between human capital development and substance use from the perspective of adolescence into adulthood. Theoretical, methodological and practical implications for extending research on this particular population are also addressed. Following this, the book discusses a scientific analysis with qualitative and quantitative results that demonstrate the relevance of the organizational and administrative behavior that makes it possible to develop productive human capital in different settings, including within families. The authors present findings on the Theory of Vacuum which allows for the performing of deep analysis of vacuums structure and determining their previously unstudied aspects. This work offers and verifies a hypothesis on the existence of vacuums in human capital, with the goal of studying the structure of human capital from the position of the Theory of Vacuum. Following this, the work provides an overview of a human capital theory based on increasing rates of return to education. This theory explains their relative historical growth path divergence and simulations that predict their future income per capita convergence. The authors also analyze how High-performance Work Systems could create human capital that efficiently develops organizational processes and increases company performance, thus making it easier to understand how Human Resource Management practices could enhance organizational performance. In the final chapter, the authors determine new challenges for human capital through consideration of its infrastructural role in the system of entrepreneurship. In order to determine the role of human capital in the system of entrepreneurship, the authors use the methods of regression and correlation analysis.

Author : Margaret Lawrence,Felicia Murray
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 303 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : BUSINESS & ECONOMICS
ISBN : 1536129860

Get Book

Human Capital by Margaret Lawrence,Felicia Murray Pdf

Author : Cosmin Stoica,Cristina Balaceanu,Dan Boaja,Daniela Penu,Diana Mihaela Apostol,Doina Maria Tilea,Elena Cofas,Gheorghe Marinescu,Mirela Dogaru,Monica Predonu,Valentina Zaharia
Publisher : AuthorHouse
Page : 293 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2013-11-01
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781491878378

Get Book

The Human Capital: Challenges and Perspectives by Cosmin Stoica,Cristina Balaceanu,Dan Boaja,Daniela Penu,Diana Mihaela Apostol,Doina Maria Tilea,Elena Cofas,Gheorghe Marinescu,Mirela Dogaru,Monica Predonu,Valentina Zaharia Pdf

The nowadays society is confronted with some of the most pronounced disparities in the economic system, with direct repercussions on the labor market, borne by both employees and employers. The main deficiencies of the labor market are caused by the low growth rate of the demand for goods, with consequences in terms of employment, the effect of decreasing the purchasing power of the population, the lack of correlation between the growth rates of labor productivity and the price of labor, and also to an insufficient training of a practical nature of the workforce. Labor market is therefore a manifestation of the need to work for both the production act, from the perspective of the firms sector, and the consumer act, from the perspective of the households sector, each of the two sectors having different determinations for the same objective: gaining profit from valuing the work. Therefore, work is analyzed in the terms of profitability: cost for the producer, income for the worker, benefit for the society, in the conditions in which from valuing the work production factor and the human capital it can be created the object of the economic goods market. In the current economic and social-political development context, on the labor market there is an intensification of a series of manifestations that have as substance educational and cultural heterogeneity, the institutional dissolution or the dissolution of authorities in what regards the establishment of some normative elements that would favor work and entrepreneurship, by means of economic strings, mainly fiscal ones, the lack of complementarity between educational policies and occupational ones. Importance of labor market equilibrium resulting from the decisive role of human resources in the economic and social development.

Author : Enriqueta Camps-Cura
Publisher : Springer
Page : 159 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2019-06-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783030213510

Get Book

Changes in Population, Inequality and Human Capital Formation in the Americas in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries by Enriqueta Camps-Cura Pdf

The evolution of inequality and its causes are of crucial importance to all scholars working in the social sciences. By focusing on the divergent development of North America and Latin America in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Camps-Cura offers a comparative perspective of the relationship between human capital expansion and inequality in the long run. The book also explores the variables of education and inequality on children, work and gender.