Hunters Pastoralists And Ranchers

Author : Tim Ingold
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1988-03-31
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0521358876

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Hunters, Pastoralists and Ranchers by Tim Ingold Pdf

Throughout the northern circumpolar tundras and forests, and over many millennia, human populations have based their livelihood wholly or in part upon the exploitation of a single animal species-the reindeer. Yet some are hunters, others pastoralists, while today traditional pastoral economies are being replaced by a commercially oriented ranch industry. In this book, drawing on ethnographic material from North America and Eurasia, Tim Ingold explains the causes and mechanisms of transformations between hunting, pastoralism and ranching, each based on the same animal in the same environment, and each viewed in terms of a particular conjunction of social and ecological relations of production. In developing a workable synthesis between ecological and economic approaches in anthropology, Ingold introduces theoretically rigorous concepts for the analysis of specialized animal-based economies, which cast the problem of 'domestication' in an entirely new light.

Author : John Desmond Clark,Steven A. Brandt
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 450 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 1984-01-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0520045742

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From Hunters to Farmers by John Desmond Clark,Steven A. Brandt Pdf

Author : Nathan F. Sayre
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2006-02
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0816525528

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Ranching, Endangered Species, and Urbanization in the Southwest by Nathan F. Sayre Pdf

Ranching is as much a part of the West as its wide-open spaces. The mystique of rugged individualism has sustained this activity well past the frontier era and has influenced how we viewÑand valueÑthose open lands. Nathan Sayre now takes a close look at how the ranching ideal has come into play in the conversion of a large tract of Arizona rangeland from private ranch to National Wildlife Refuge. He tells how the Buenos Aires Ranch, a working operation for a hundred years, became not only a rallying point for multiple agendas in the "rangeland conflict" after its conversion to a wildlife refuge but also an expression of the larger shift from agricultural to urban economies in the Southwest since World War II. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service bought the Buenos Aires Ranch in 1985, removed all livestock, and attempted to restore the land to its "original" grassland in order to protect an endangered species, the masked bobwhite quail. Sayre examines the history of the ranch and the bobwhite together, exploring the interplay of social, economic, and ecological issues to show how ranchers and their cattle altered the landÑfor better or worseÑduring a century of ranching and how the masked bobwhite became a symbol for environmentalists who believe that the removal of cattle benefits rangelands and wildlife. Sayre evaluates both sides of the Buenos Aires controversyÑfrom ranching's impact on the environment to environmentalism's sometimes misguided efforts at restorationÑto address the complex and contradictory roles of ranching, endangered species conservation, and urbanization in the social and environmental transformation of the West. He focuses on three dimensions of the Buenos Aires story: the land and its inhabitants, both human and animal; the role of government agencies in shaping range and wildlife management; and the various species of capitalÑeconomic, symbolic, and bureaucraticÑthat have structured the activities of ranchers, environmentalists, and government officials. The creation of the Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge has been a symbolic victory for environmentalists, but it comes at the cost of implicitly legitimizing the ongoing fragmentation and suburbanization of Arizona's still-wild rangelands. Sayre reveals how the polarized politics of "the rangeland conflict" have bound the Fish and Wildlife Service to a narrow, ineffectual management strategy on the Buenos Aires, with greater attention paid to increasing tourism from birdwatchers than to the complex challenge of restoring the masked bobwhite and its habitat. His findings show that the urban boom of the late twentieth century echoed the cattle boom of a century beforeÑcapitalizing on land rather than grass, humans rather than cattleÑin a book that will serve as a model for restoration efforts in any environment.

Author : Mazonde Isaac Ncube Mazonde
Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2019-08-06
Category : SOCIAL SCIENCE
ISBN : 9781474470810

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Ranching & Enterprise in Eastern Botswana by Mazonde Isaac Ncube Mazonde Pdf

While Botswana's economic development has been extraordinary, little is known about how different social groups have adapted to the new economic opportunitites, This conmprehensive account studies a key group of the new entrepreneurs - the ranchers. It describes their changing lifestyles, their construction of personal and social space, and the way they have adapted to state-initiated political and economic change, showing through a sseries of case studies how ranching has grown from being the preserve of white settlers to include Botswana and other African farmers as well. The relationship between ranching and communal land tenure, and the effect of Botswana's Tribal Land Grazing Policy are analysed in detail, whle the careers of non-elites, the practice of bordermanship, labour relations and the management of multiple enterprises and risks are also covered.

Author : Kathleen R. Smythe
Publisher : Indiana University Press
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2015-07-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9780253016614

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Africa's Past, Our Future by Kathleen R. Smythe Pdf

“An impressive synthesis of current literature in African history, making it understandable and relevant.” —Jan Bender Shetler, author of Imagining Serengeti: A History of Landscape Memory in Tanzania from Earliest Times to the Present Africa’s Past, Our Future engages the history of the African continent through the perspective of global issues such as political instability, economic development, and climate change. Since the past may offer alternative models for thinking about our collective future, this book promotes an appreciation for African social, economic, and political systems that have endured over the long-term and that offer different ways of thinking about a sustainable future. Introducing readers to the wide variety of sources from which African history is constructed, the book’s ten chapters cover human evolution, the domestication of plants and animals, climate change, social organization, the slave trade and colonization, development, and contemporary economics and politics. “Smythe not only provides an excellent survey of the latest research on Africa’s past, she also presents a concise and clear argument as to why this history is relevant today.” ?African Studies Review “Recommended.” ?Choice “Grapples with the narratives and facts and where they fit in global perspective, but why this is all salient and critically meaningful to our lives today in terms of lessons we can learn and ideas we can borrow. This is a unique approach not yet available on the market.” ?Catherine Cymone Fourshey, Susquehanna University

Author : Frédéric Keck
Publisher : Duke University Press
Page : 162 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2020-01-17
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781478007555

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Avian Reservoirs by Frédéric Keck Pdf

After experiencing the SARS outbreak in 2003, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Taiwan all invested in various techniques to mitigate future pandemics involving myriad cross-species interactions between humans and birds. In some locations microbiologists allied with veterinarians and birdwatchers to follow the mutations of flu viruses in birds and humans and create preparedness strategies, while in others, public health officials worked toward preventing pandemics by killing thousands of birds. In Avian Reservoirs Frédéric Keck offers a comparative analysis of these responses, tracing how the anticipation of bird flu pandemics has changed relations between birds and humans in China. Drawing on anthropological theory and ethnographic fieldwork, Keck demonstrates that varied strategies dealing with the threat of pandemics—stockpiling vaccines and samples in Taiwan, simulating pandemics in Singapore, and monitoring viruses and disease vectors in Hong Kong—reflect local geopolitical relations to mainland China. In outlining how interactions among pathogens, birds, and humans shape the way people imagine future pandemics, Keck illuminates how interspecies relations are crucial for protecting against such threats.

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9251046735

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Pastoralism in the New Millenium by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

Pastoralism refers to the type of farming system which uses extensive grazing on grasslands for livestock production. This type of farming covers 25 per cent of the world's land area and supports 20 million households. It makes substantial contributions to the economies of developing countries, although agricultural encroachment, conflict and drought continue to erode this way of life. This publication considers key policy issues and trends involved in attempts to improve the livelihoods of pastoralist families and communities.

Author : Ashley Lemke
Publisher : Texas A&M University Press
Page : 502 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2022-08-24
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781623499235

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The Architecture of Hunting by Ashley Lemke Pdf

As one of the most significant economic innovations in prehistory, hunting architecture radically altered life and society for hunter-gatherers. The development of these structures indicates that foragers designed their environments, had a deep knowledge of animal behavior, and interacted with each other in complex ways that reach beyond previous assumptions. Combining underwater archaeology, terrestrial archaeology, and ethnographic and historical research, The Architecture of Hunting investigates the creation and use of hunting architecture by hunter-gatherers. Hunting architecture—including blinds, drive lanes, and fishing weirs—is a global phenomenon found across a broad spectrum of cultures, time, geography, and environments. Relying on similar behaviors in species such as caribou, bison, guanacos, antelope, and gazelles, cultures as diverse as Sami reindeer herders, the Inka, and ancient bison hunters on the North American plains have employed such structures, combined with strategically situated landforms, to ensure adequate food supplies while maintaining a nomadic way of life. Using examples of hunting architecture from across the globe and how they influence forager mobility, territoriality, property, leadership, and labor aggregation, Ashley Lemke explores this architecture as a form of human niche construction and considers the myriad ways such built structures affect hunter-gatherer lifeways. Bringing together diverse sources under the single category of “hunting architecture,” The Architecture of Hunting serves as the new standard guide for anyone interested in hunter-gatherers and their built environment.

Author : Peter P. Schweitzer,Megan Biesele,Robert K. Hitchcock
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 516 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Conflict management
ISBN : 157181101X

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Hunters and Gatherers in the Modern World by Peter P. Schweitzer,Megan Biesele,Robert K. Hitchcock Pdf

In light of negotiations now going on between people who rely on wild plants and animals and the governments of their territories about civil, political, social, economic, and cultural rights, anthropologists explore dimensions of culture and pressures as they are manifested in particular peoples. Their 27 papers, from an August 1993 conference in Moscow, Russian, cover warfare and conflict resolution; resistance, identity, and the state; ecology, demography, and market issues; gender and representation; and world-view and religious determination. The examples come from most of the world's continents. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Author : Theodore Roosevelt
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 1888
Category : Cowboys
ISBN : UCD:31175030517091

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Ranch Life and the Hunting-trail by Theodore Roosevelt Pdf

Author : Bill Finlayson,Graeme Warren
Publisher : Oxbow Books Limited
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2017-06-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781785705915

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The Diversity of Hunter Gatherer Pasts by Bill Finlayson,Graeme Warren Pdf

This thought provoking collection of new research papers explores the extent of variation amongst hunting and gathering peoples past and present and the considerable analytical challenges presented by this diversity. This problem is especially important in archaeology, where increasing empirical evidence illustrates ways of life that are not easily encompassed within the range of variation recognised in the contemporary world of surviving hunter-gatherers. Put simply, how do past hunter-gatherers fit into our understandings of hunter-gatherers? Furthermore, given the inevitable archaeological reliance on analogy, it is important to ask whether conceptions of hunter-gatherers based on contemporary societies restrict our comprehension of past diversity and of how this changes over the long term. Discussion of hunter-gatherers shows them to be varied and flexible, but modelling of contemporary hunter-gatherers has not only reduced them into essential categories, but has also portrayed them as static and without history.It is often said that the study of hunter-gatherers can provide insight into past forms of social organisation and behaviour; unfortunately too often it has limited our understandings of these societies. In contrast, contributors here explore past hunter-gather diversity over time and space to provide critical perspectives on general models of ‘hunter-gatherers’ and attempt to provide new perspectives on hunter-gatherer societies from the greater diversity present in the past.

Author : Marek Zvelebil
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2009-06-18
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0521109574

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Hunters in Transition by Marek Zvelebil Pdf

Hunters in Transition analyses the emergence of post-glacial hunter-gatherer communities and the development of farming.

Author : Lars Højer,Morten Axel Pedersen
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2019-11-26
Category : Post-communism
ISBN : 9780300196115

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Urban Hunters by Lars Højer,Morten Axel Pedersen Pdf

An ethnography of the Mongolian capital city of Ulaanbaatar during the nation's transition from socialism to a market-based economic system Urban Hunters is an ethnography of the Mongolian capital city, Ulaanbaatar, during the nation's transition from socialism to a market-based economic system. Following the Soviet Union's collapse in 1991, Mongolia entered a period of economic chaos characterized by wild inflation, disappearing banks, and closing farms, factories, and schools. During this time of widespread poverty, a generation of young adults came of age. In exploring the social, cultural, and existential ramifications of a transition that has become permanent and acquired a logic of its own, Lars Højer and Morten Axel Pedersen present a new theorization of social agency in postsocialist as well as postcolonial contexts.

Author : Carrie Ann Murray
Publisher : State University of New York Press
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2016-05-09
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781438459967

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Diversity of Sacrifice by Carrie Ann Murray Pdf

The term "sacrifice" belies what is a complex and varied transhistorical and transcultural phenomenon. Bringing together scholars from such diverse fields as anthropology, archaeology, epigraphy, literature, and theology, Diversity of Sacrifice explores sacrificial practices across a range of contexts from prehistory to the present. Incorporating theory, material culture, and textual evidence, the volume seeks to consider new and divergent data related to contexts of sacrifice that can help broaden our field of vision while raising new questions. The essays contributed here move beyond reductive and simple explanations to explore complex areas of social interaction. Sacrifice plays a key role in the overlapping sacred and secular spheres for a number of societies in the past and present. How religious beliefs and practices can be integral parts of life on individual and community levels is of fundamental importance to understanding the past and present. In addition to aiding scholarly research, Diversity of Sacrifice enables students to explore this rich theme across Europe and the Mediterranean with clear discussions of theory and data.

Author : Leslie B. Davis,Brian O.K. Reeves
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 434 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2014-10-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317598350

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Hunters of the Recent Past by Leslie B. Davis,Brian O.K. Reeves Pdf

One of a series of more than 20 volumes resulting from the World Archaeological Congress, September 1986, which brought together archaeologists and anthropologists from many parts of the world, academics from contingent disciplines, and non-academics from a wide range of cultural backgrounds. This book considers prehistoric and more recent manifestations of human hunting behaviour, with a general emphasis on communal hunting. It demonstrates that the combination of archaeological, ethnographic and ethnohistorical approaches provides a researched basis for consideration of the topic on worldwide, regional, and local scales. It includes theoretical and methodological issues, within a context of enquiry, original data presentation, and discussion. It is of interest to archaeologists, anthropologists and ethnohistorians.